Optimization of Process Parameters in TIG Welded Joints of AISI 304L -Austenitic Stainless Steel using Taguchi's Experimental Design Method (original) (raw)
Related papers
Strojnícky casopis – Journal of Mechanical Engineering
Weld quality mainly depends on the weld bead geometry and mechanical-metallurgical characteristics of the welded joint which has a direct relationship with the type of welding process being used and its input process parameters i.e. welding current, arc voltage, travel speed etc. In the present study, determination of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding input parameters for achieving maximum tensile strength of 316L austenitic stainless steel is investigated. Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology has been employed to formulate the experimental plan to identify the effect of process parameters on tensile strength. Square butt joint configuration has been made using three factors - three levels of welding input parameters. Joint strength has been evaluated by notch tensile strength (NTS) and Unnotch tensile strength (UTS) method and correlated with microstructure and micro hardness of the weld. The results indicate that gas flow rate has greater influence on both NTS and UTS...
International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 2020
The production and manufacturing industries has taken advantage of TIG welding to join thin section of metals. Improved quality of weld for stainless steel and non-ferrous alloys are also obtained by TIG welding process. Due to shallow penetration, the TIG welding has lower productivity than Arc welding processes. Which results having application in only to join thin sections. Now-a-days in industries stainless steel 304L is commonly used because of its resistance to corrosion, higher tensile strength and better creep rupture strength. In this study welded joints have been made by using three levels of Current, Gas flow rate and Root gap. The design of experiment is prepared by using Taguchi method. Minitab 19.0 software is used for the preparation of design of experiment. The optimization of process parameters for higher Tensile strength, hardness and depth of penetration of joint is done by using TOPSIS optimization technique. For 110A of current, 7 lit/s of Gas flow rate and 2 mm...
Parametric Study & Optimization of TIG Welding Process on Stainless Steel 304
International Engineering Research Journal (IERJ), 2017
ARTICLE INFO Stainless steels are widely used in thermal power plant, pressure vessels and automobiles components. The advantage of using stainless steels are superior fracture toughness, good inter granular corrosion resistance and non-requirement of post process annealing. TIG welding process is carried out to reduce heat affected zone.Whenmaterial is operated at high pressure it increases there efficiency because of its property to reduce crack growth at high pressure. Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding is capable of achieving the highest quality welds. TIG welding can be used with virtually any weld-able metals, including dissimilar metals and thickness from 0.5mm upwards. This paper describes the optimization of process parameters like current, weld speed, and flow rate of gas to improve weld quality. To find these optimal parameters we used Taguchi Method. In this study we found that Input current& weld speed are the most significant parameters. Finally, the strength of the weld is validated by tensile and bending test.
Review Paper on Optimization of Metal Inert Gas Welding on Stainless Steel AISI 410by Taguchi Method
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2023
Austenitic stainless steel is widely used materials in the current industrial area including higher and lower temperature applications such as storage tanks, pressure cups, furnace equipment etc. Using ratio of those materials are increasing constantly due to having superior corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, GTAW process are widely used for stainless steel welding, especially for full penetration welds in thin gage materials. Selection of shielding gas and filler material is crucial parameter for the quality, the micro structure and properties of weldments. The weldment properties strongly depended on the shielding gas, since it dominates the mode of metal transfer. Shielding gas not only affects the properties of weld but also determines weldability, the appearance, the shape and penetration of bead as well. Pure argon is mainly used for GTAW as shielding gas at present. The most common shielding gases are argon riches mixtures, such as argon with a few percent helium, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen for GTAW process. In this project we will be made many attempts for made test pieces(SS410) to predict the process parameter of MIG for getting maximum weldment, best mechanical properties and min HAZ. The planned experiments are conducted in the MIG are welding machine; the test piece examination is carried out by following process I.
NIPES, 2021
In this study, central composite design (CCD) in Design Expert 7.01 software was used to generate statistical design of experiment (DOE) which is an acceptable design approach in Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Based on the DOE, an experimental design matrix having six centre points, six axial points and eight factorial points resulting in twenty experimental welding runs were generated as input parameters for experimental TIG welding process and numerical solution using RSM prediction and optimization. Requirements for the twenty experimental input welding runs were maximum UTS, maximum yield strength, minimum strain and minimum elongation, and welding run No. 8 met the requirement with the following welding input parameters: 210 amp current, voltage of 21.00 V, gas flow rate of 19.00 litters/min and welding speed of 3.75 mm/min. Significant correlations were observed in the four output results (UTS, yield strength, strain and elongation) obtained from the control sample, RSM predicted and experimentally determined results. The solution was selected by design expert as the optimal solution with a desirability value of 97.29%. Comparing the output results obtained from the control samples, welding experiment and RSM predicted values, significant correlations were observed in RSM predicted and experimentally determined welding results than that of the controlled samples. From the tensile test results obtained, the UTS and yield strength were observed to decrease as the applied force increased while the strain and elongation increased in the same trend with the applied force. Results from RSM and the control samples followed similar trends.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. Introduction Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) or tungsten inert gas (TIG) is an arc welding process that creates an arc between a non-consumable tungsten electrode and a welded workpiece. TIG is commonly used in railway vehicle construction, automotive and chemical industries. Stainless steel is used as an important material in the industry due to its excellent corrosion resistance. TIG is one of the welding processes and is commonly used to weld uniform and different stainless steel joints. It has been observed that most of the work is done on stainless steel, which is the most commonly used stainless steel in the world. Key areas of research are weld characterization, dissimilar metal welding, parameter optimization, process modeling, fault analysis and automation of the TIG welding process. GTAW welding is an arc welding process in which fusion energy is generated by burning between a workpiece and a tungsten electrode by an electric arc. The electrode and the weld pool are protected from the harmful effects of the atmosphere by an inert protective gas during the welding process. The shield passes through the gas nozzle to the gas weld zone where it replaces the atmosphere. TIG welding differs from other arc welding processes in that the electrodes are not used like electrodes like other processes such as MIG / MAG and MM. Stainless steel is widely used in the manufacture of sheet metal, especially in automotive, chemical and railway passenger cars, mainly due to its corrosion resistance and weight ratio. Stainless steel is a generic name that covers a group of metal alloys with a chromium content of more than 10.5% and a maximum carbon content of 1.2% (according to European standard N10088). It is usually include other elements such as nickel and molybdenum. Failure analysis and literature investigations of diffusion welded joints have shown that a large number of failures have occurred in the heat affected zone (HAZ) [1]. They studied dissimilar metal welds made of low alloy steel, Inconel 82/182, and stainless steel prepared using gas tungsten arc welding and shielded metal arc welding. The microstructure was observed using an optical and electron microscope. A specific dendritic structure was observed The dissimilar weld joint is considered as one of the most commonly used fabrication methods in now a day. The most popular welding for dissimilar alloy is tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) in which inert and active gases are used. In this work SS202 and SS304 are used for welding. SS 202 has almost similar mechanical properties as compared to SS304 grade, but its ability to resist corrosion is somewhat less as compared to SS304 grade in chloride environment. These materials and their welding is used in nuclear reactor and pressure vessel where high temperature is used. The object of this paper is to investigate the mechanical properties and microstructure analysis of welded joint between SS202 and SS304 with two different filler metal SS308L and SS316L by tungsten inert gas welding. Higher tensile strength was achieved with filler rod SS308L. The analysis confirms the well mixing of stainless steel and mild steel with filler rods inside the weld pool. The mechanical properties in terms of ultimate tensile strength found to be high as 488.61N/mm 2 with filler rod SS308L and micro hardness value at the center of the welded zone was found maximum (272.2 HV) with filler material SS308L, the fracture of the tensile test specimen were obtained outside and at the weldment of the weld zone.
A Review Study of Dissimilar Metal Welds of Stainless Steel and Mild Steel by TIG Welding Process
International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology
Tungsten inert gas welding is the (TIG) is additionally called gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Tungsten Inert Gas Welding which is known as TIG welding is relatively high strength welding technique. is a kind of advance welding process which become a popular choice when a weld of high-level quality or considerable precision welding is needed ? The objective of study is to understand the various welding parameter like welding current, voltage, gas flow rate, inert gas, welding speed, electrode etc. In this work we discuss about the Tungsten Inert Gas Welding of joining heat treatable of stainless steel and mild steel. Output parameters such as hardness of welding, tensile strength of welding, DPT, spectrography by using optimization philosophy. The main effort is to investigate optimal machining parameters and their contribution on producing better best weld quality.
Experimental Investigation of Weld Joint of Tungsten Inert Gas Welding (Tig) on Aluminium Alloy
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2018
Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding is one of the extensively used joining process of aluminium alloy. This process is popular because it gives good weld bead and less metallurgical changes in the outside of HAZ to achieve the good mechanical properties in comparison to other arc welding process. The weld joint accuracy and quality mainly depended on the process parameter like welding speed, current, voltage, gas flow rate etc. This paper focused on process parameter of TIG welding i.e. (travel speed, and current) and other parameters have been kept constant throughout the study and enhancement of mechanical properties of weld joint and optimization of the process parameter. The present work describes the effect of a process parameter of TIG welding in respect of mechanical properties i.e. Ultimate tensile strength of weld joint and hardness of weld bead of AA5052 H32 aluminium alloy, for joining of aluminium plate, filler material AA4043 (Al-5Si (wt. %)) have been used. Keyword— TIG W...
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2019
The successful weld between dissimilar metal is one that is as strong as the weaker of the two metals being joined. Bimetallic combinations of SS 316L and IS 2062 are used widely in the heat exchangers, super heaters employed in the oil gasification plants, chemical processing equipments, and nuclear sector. However effective welding of dissimilar metals has represented a major challenge in thermal and mechanical properties of the material to be joined under a common welding condition. Over the years the lifespan of many machines have been reduced or have not matched its estimated lifespan due to poor joints. The poor joints may be due to the improper welding joints. And variety of problems come up in dissimilar welding like cracking, large weld residual stresses, migration of atoms during welding causing stress concentration, stress corrosion cracking etc. To overcome these problems, it is required to study the effect of welding process parameters. The main purpose of this project is to study the mechanical properties of SS 316L and IS 2062 alloys welded by TIG welding and to achieve the optimized process parameters using Taguchi and ANOVA techniques. And lastly micro structural properties of the jointed materials were investigated. This process provides a purer and cleaner high volume weldment. The effect of different welding Current (110, 120,130Amp), different Voltage (40, 50,60V) and different Gas flow rate (8, 9,10Lit/min) on ultimate tensile strength and Hardness of dissimilar welding, are used to find out the significance of input parameter by DOE.
Welding of 304L Stainless Steel with Activated Tungsten Inert Gas Process (A-TIG
Gas tungsten arc welding is a popular process in those applications requiring a high degree of quality and accuracy. However, this process has a big disadvantage against the substantially high productivity welding procedures. Hence, many efforts have been made to improve its productivity. One of these efforts is the use of activating flux (A-TIG welding). In this study, the performance of A-TIG welding on 304L austenitic stainless steel plates has been presented. Two oxide fluxes, TiO 2 and SiO 2 were used to investigate the effect of A-TIG welding process on weld morphology, microstructure and mechanical properties of weldments. The experimental results indicated that A-TIG welding could increase the weld penetration and depth-to-wide ratio. It was also found that A-TIG welding could increase the delta-ferrite content of weld metals and improve the mechanical properties. Moreover, a 2D axial symmetric model was developed to simulate the flow behavior in the melting pool. These results were compared to those experiments carried out on a stainless steel (304L) melted by a stationary heat source.