Traditional Akseki Houses as a Regional Architecture in Turkish Meditarrenean (original) (raw)
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Evolution of the Traditional Turkish House
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Cities or its urban fabric arose over many centuries but during the evolution period, architecture lacked its identity and deform premises erected. Architecture progresses according to many factors and among those influences are intangibles as political drive, inspirations from other civilizations, religious guidance. Whereas physical sways such as climate or availability of materials and skilled labours are behind other great architecture formation. Despite all those influences cities nowadays are similar and buildings are identical regardless of their location on the map. Turkish houses changed during various eras to meet the needs of different generations yet maintained robust characteristics and responsiveness. Hayat house is the traditional residential premise and a significant element in Turkish architecture, it is the core of this article. This paper is an attempt to help students and researchers to learn lessons from our ancestors who managed to advance the components of the...
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The historic city centre of Midyat (town of Mardin), in southeastern Turkey, is recognized for its architectural and cultural richness. Midyat is a very important location, with its monumental constructions and traditional houses, in an aesthetic, historical and architectural point of view. Scopes of this study, the architectural features of traditional houses of Midyat were examined. The location and settlement features, plan and façade features, structural system and materials, technical services, structural and architectural elements of the houses are analyzed and obtained results are given in the article. The results of the study reveal that the design of traditional Midyat houses successfully incorporated geographic structure, (location, climate conditions, geological situation and material), historical origin, cultural interaction, cultural variety and richness, family structure and economic situation.
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In this article, the historical Anatolian Turkish houses, which have completed their development process in the Ottoman Empire Period have been examined. The plan types of these houses, which acquired their unique character in Anatolia and spread to geographies such as Balkans and Caucasus over time, have been examined in terms of architectural characteristics, construction techniques and decoration features and especially the historical houses built in Ankara, a Central Anatolian city, have been emphasized. In line with the data obtained on the subject, the historical house located in "Ulucanlar Eryokuşu" Street in Altındağ District of Ankara, on block no 2225 and parcel no 6 with door number 9/A has been selected as the case study. The selected sampling area has been examined in terms of the characteristics of the historical Ankara houses. The historical Ottoman-Turkish house has begun to disappear since the 20 th century, so the number of these houses having survived until today is quite low. The purpose of this article is to examine and evaluate the characteristics of historical Ottoman-Turkish houses in Ankara and to clarify the subject through the sample house that still possesses these features and has preserved its originality to a great extent. With this study, it is intended to draw attention to the protection of historical Ottoman-Turkish houses that are few in number today.
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Rapid changes (in life style, working conditions, cultural values and tendency and so on) in cities affect their historical identity negatively. Thus, historical parts of the cities reflecting the cultural and historical atmosphere, experiences, tendencies, opinions, culture and life style in the years of when they were built have begun to disappear. Learning, determining and saving the historical parts and spaces of a city which function as a bridge between past and future, and allowing for their transference to the next generation have a great importance in terms of the sustainability of these cities. This analytical study was made in Orta Mahalle which is one of the oldest neighborhoods in Akcaabat, Trabzon located in the northeast of Turkey. Orta Mahalle, which has partially preserved its identity in spite of several deformations, was chosen as the area of study due to its historical and traditional elements such as religious buildings reflecting the past, (St. Michael's Church, chapel and church schools), traditional houses, streets, fountains and squares. The study involves the determination of registered buildings in the area, as well as the determination of traditional houses, streets, religious buildings and fountains which will be in the scope of the study, the implementation of relief and photography studies and the documentation of all forms and perceptual values of available houses and streets with the analysis made through the appropriate criteria and the clarification of the typology of traditional housing. Observation and data determination studies were done in the larger area; the protected area was determined within the scope of the plan; and locations of historical church, fountain and church school were determined in the area. The focus of the study is especially on civilian architecture; thus, the church, school and fountain were not analyzed but their locations were determined.
THE TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN, ART AND COMMUNICATION, 2016
The house has been a sanctuary as the sum of places designed for the functions of life and enabling the family, the smallest of communities, to live together. People's needs for shelter can be holistic in containing physical adequacy of living quarters as well as their social and psychological adequacies. Various criteria, such as the number of family members, spatial needs, inner-outer space relations, auxiliary spaces, construction quality, and conditions of comfort are programmed and shaped within the life cultures of communities. Spaces in Traditional Turkish House, shaped with the Turkish life culture, are designed in accordance with the living styles and traditions of the Turkish people, and provided social and psychological adequacy. Traditional Turkish Houses, among the Ottoman Period in Cyprus constructed in the style of Turkish Architecture, still constitute an important element of the present day historical texture. Generally having two floors and an atrium (yard), these houses were built in adjacent form, lining down the street, and gave a style to the texture of the street with their plain facades, oriels brimming over the street, and wide fringes. Room in the Turkish Houses in Cyprus, was designed as a multipurpose abode where day and night functions were realized, the same way it was in the tents during the nomadic life of Turks. Main room was used as the guest room, in accordance with the importance of guests in the Turkish traditions. The importance of family in the culture of Turkish life, made the hall important, as the common abode, the meeting place, into which other rooms opened. Outer halls, or colonnades, with riwaqs, enabling the house-atrium relationship, created the type of plan for the Ottoman Period houses. The staircase, connection the floors were in a position unseen from the main entrance of the house, and generally ran parallel to the hall. The atrium, or yard, has been important in the houses in Cyprus, due to the connection of Turks to nature and earth, from their past. Elements of aquatic architecture, such as well, fountain, water tank, provided the water needed for the house and yard. The formation of abodes of the Turkish Houses during the Ottoman Period in Cyprus (1570-1878) found its expression within the needs of the dwellers life culture, thus serving in accordance with the lives of the household.
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In the twentieth century after the advent of republicanism in Turkey, nationalistic and regional approaches were at odd s with approaches influenced by the West in search of Turkish identity in architectural works. For this reason, this interested Turkish architectures to pay attention to their native architecture and urbanism during Ottoman era. In this context, traditional houses came to the fore as the key to achieving Turkish identity in architecture in the course of the second nationalist movement in modern times, and thereafter it was developed by following generation of Turkish architectures. The acclaimed modern features lying in the architecture of the houses and customs representing the Turkish civil identity have turned them into a symbol of contemporary Turkish identity in this course of action. Ottoman tradition of house construction and its effect on Turks' architecture in the course of the second nationalist movement in Turkey's contemporary architecture have made the study of Turkish architectures' transition from tradition to modernity a significant issue, which is addressed in this paper. The results of the seminal works by the second nationalist leaders as to Turkey's architecture were here approached in terms of how they were impressed by the architecture of Ottoman traditional houses, which were divided into three categories and the architectural characteristics of each of them were analyzed and compared.
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This thesis introduces the traditional dwellings in Karacasu within the context of traditional residential architecture in Anatolia; and investigates their architectural and social characteristics. Karacasu is selected as a case-study for its preserved vernacular architecture, which dates back to the end of the 18th century and the 19th century. The architectural and social investigation of the traditional dwellings of Karacasu is based on studying the dwellings as residential and social unit. The spatial and social characteristics of the individual cases that are chosen from the historical domestic context of Karacasu are defined and discussed in reference to the existing conditions and also the changes and alterations that took place according to the functional necessities. These dwellings had social, functional and spatial changes as a result of the changing conditions and the requirements of modern life.
The evolution of House form and the change of culture: A Turkish Perspective
People continuously modify their living environment to improve their life quality. This has been done in a piecemeal manner traditionally where the physical forms could be gradually adapted to meet the change of lifestyles. However, rapid transformation of cities in the modern age has caused incompatibility of physical forms and the local culture. It is therefore important to study the dynamic link between house forms and the residents' everyday life and needs over time. Within the Turkish context, this paper will explain the change of Turkish house types within 5 different morphological phases when external influences have been in effect. The spatial arrangements of each house type will be analysed through case studies and special attentions will be paid to the everyday use in those houses and the relationships between private, semi-private and public spaces. The conclusion will be drawn on the house form in relation to people's way of living and will shed light on socio-culturally sustainable development and regeneration in contemporary Turkey. This paper will also contribute to the argument for a positive impact of typological processes of physical environment on the local culture.