Samuel Huntington - Tha Clash of Civilizations (original) (raw)

Toward an East Asian Economic Community: Opportunities and Challenges

2018

The Asian economy is in the middle of an historic transition. The center of gravity of the world economy is shifting to “rising Asia” from the “falling West” heralding the advent of the “Asian Century” or “Renaissance of Asia.” Given East Asia’s ongoing economic regionalism in an unfolding “Asian Century,” how can East Asian economies address opportunities and challenges to realize an East Asian economic community? How will competition among the great powers, especially between the United States and China, affect the integration process of the East Asian economic community? What should middle power economies and smaller ones do to reflect an East Asian identity for a likely future economic community? Choong Yong Ahn describes the concept of economic community, presents basic characteristics of the two great free trade deals, namely the Trans-Pacific Partnership and Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, and discusses the impact of the China-led Asian Infrastructure Investment ...

Economic Nationalism and Regionalism in Contemporary East Asia

Regio ns are s o cially co ns tructed areas defined by s tate, s upra-s tate, and s o cietal agents , with s hifting territo rial, eco no mic, and s o cio -po litical parameters . In co ntras t to the do minant literature, which has fo cus ed o n s tates and s tate-co ns tructed regio ns , we as s es s multiple fo rces in defining, co ns tructing, and deco ns tructing regio nal fo rmatio ns in an epo ch in which co mpeting definitio ns o f, and appro aches to , regio n and natio n challenge the reigning o rder ( Katz ens tein and Shirais hi 19 9 7; G amble and Payne 19 9 6 ; Hamanaka 20 0 9 ) . Po litical, geo s trategic, eco no mic, s o cial, and cultural facto rs may all s hape a regio nal o rder and its po s itio n in the wo rld eco no my. In light o f co mpeting claims o f natio nal, regio nal, and glo bal fo rces , we inquire into the po s s ibility o f co ntempo rary regio n fo rmatio n that do es no t res t o n the hegemo ny o f a s ingle natio n o r po wer, that is , an imperium whether fo rmal o r info rmal, and which s erves , in varying degrees , the interes ts o f the natio ns and peo ples that co mpris e it. In particular, co ns ider the interplay between eco no mic natio nalis m and regio n fo rmatio n, including China, Japan, Ko rea, and the United States .

Regionalism and rivalry: Japan and the United States in Pacific Asia

1995

The phenomenal expansion of East Asia's' intraregional trade-from 116billionto1 16 billion to 116billionto265 billion between 1985 and 1990-has raised the prospect of an East Asian economic bloc that could more than match the scale of either the European or North American trading area. This bloc would inevitably be dominated by Japan, and thus trade frictions between Japan and the United States could be generalized into a massive confrontation among giant economies. Against the background of declining U.S. competitiveness and suspicions about the "fairness" of global markets, some observers see sinister motives behind growing East Asian interdependence. Some scholars even go so far as to argue that Japan's recent investment, aid, and trade patterns "cloak political and conquistadorial designs similar to those in the past" (Montgomery 1988, xiii). These issues are examined here in a historical and analytical context. I will show that East Asia has been and continues to be a trading bloc in the sense that its trade is more regionally oriented than would be expected on the basis of random trade patterns. As Frankel shows in chapter 2 of this volume, this is true even while controlling for geographical proximity. Moreover, East Asian interdependence has intensified in the last five or so years. But I will also show that recent increases in interdependence are small in a historical context, and that the East Asian economy has steadily disintegrated during the previous three decades. East Asia is less interdependent today than it was for most of

Regional Economic Integration in East Asia

2002

There has been a proliferation of proposals for bilateral free trade areas (FTAs) in East Asia in recent times. These initiatives fly in the face of the long-standing support of key players in the region such as Japan for the MFN-based non-discriminatory trading system and the commitment to non-discriminatory trade liberalisation and reform within APEC. As China establishes its role