Electrochemical and physical properties of poly(acrylonitrile)/poly(vinyl acetate)-based gel electrolytes for lithium ion batteries (original) (raw)
Related papers
2011
Polymer electrolytes based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) containing inorganic salts; lithium inflate (LiCF(3)SO(3)) and sodium triflate (NaCF(3)SO(3)) and ethylene carbonate (EC) as plasticizer were prepared using solvent casting technique. In this study, five systems of plasticized and unplasticized polymer electrolyte films i.e. PAN-EC, PAN-LiCF(3)SO(3), PAN-NaCF(3)SO(3) PAN-EC-LiCF(3)SO(3) and PAN-EC-NaCF(3)SO(3) systems have been prepared. The structural and morphological properties of the films were studied using infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) while the conductivity study was done by using impedance spectroscopy. The infrared results revealed that interaction had taken place between the nitrogen atoms of PAN and Li(+) and Na(+) ions from the salts. SEM micrographs showed that the plasticized film, PAN-EC-NaCF(3)SO(3) has bigger pores than PAN-Er-LiCF(3)SO(3) film resulting in the film containing NaCF(3)SO(3) salt being more conductive. On addition of salts and plasticizer, the conductivity of pure PAN increases to three orders of magnitude. The plasticized film containing NaCF(3)SO(3) salt has a higher conductivity compared to that containing LiCF(3)SO(3) salt. This result showed that the interaction between Li(+)-ion and the nitrogen atom of PAN was stronger than that of Na(+)-ion. The conductivity-temperature dependence of the highest conducting film from each system follows Arrhenius equation in the temperature range of 303 to 353 K. The conductivity-pressure study in the range of 0.01 - 0.09 MPa showed that the conductivity decreased when pressure was increased. This can be explained in term of free volume model.
Electrical Studies of Gel Polymer Electrolyte based on PAN for Electrochemical Cell Applications
Materials Today: Proceedings, 2016
The free standing and dimensionally stable Gel Polymer electrolyte films of PAN: KI of varying compositions using se films are probed for their conductivities. The miscibility and the chemical rapport between PAN and KI are investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) methods. The conductivity is increased with the increase of KI concentration as well as temperature. The maximum conductivity at 30 o C is found to be 2.089 X 10-5 Scm-1 for PAN:KI (70:30) wt.% which is nine orders greater than that of pure PAN (<10-14 S cm-1). The conductivity-temperature dependence of these polymer electrolyte films obeys Arrhenius behaviour with activation energy ranging from 0.358 eV to 0.478 eV. The conducting carriers of charge transport in these polymer electrolyte films are identified by Wagner predominantly due to ions. The highest conducting sample is used to fabricate the battery with configuration K/ PAN+KI /I 2 +C+electrolyte and good discharge characteristics of battery are observed.
Optimization of PVC PAN-based polymer electrolytes
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2009
The hybrid plasticized polymer electrolyte composed of the blend of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) as host polymer, propylene carbonate as plasticizer, and LiClO4 as a salt was studied. An attempt was made to optimize the polymer blend ratio. XRD, Fourier transform infrared, and DSC studies confirm the formation of polymer–salt complex and miscibility of the PVC and PAN. The electrical conductivity and temperature dependence of ionic conductivity of polymer films are also studied and reported here. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
PAN-based gel electrolyte with lithium salts
Solid State Ionics, 2000
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based polymer electrolytes containing lithium triflate and using propylene carbonate (PC), and propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate in different volume ratios as the solvent have been investigated in the present study. The electrical conductivity of lithium triflate in the single and binary solvent mixtures has been determined in the 0-808C and the solvent compositions showing maximum value of room temperature conductivity have been identified. The effect of salt concentration and temperature on conductivity value has also been studied. The addition of PAN has been found to result in gel formation and viscosity increases with the increase of PAN content. The high value of room temperature 21 conductivity ( | mS cm ) of these gel electrolytes is suitable for use in various solid state ionic devices.
Advanced gel polymer electrolyte for lithium-ion polymer batteries
ASME Proceedings | Materials and Micro/Nano Technologies for Energy Applications, 2013
We report improved performance of Li-ion polymer batteries through advanced gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs). Compared to solid and liquid electrolytes, GPEs are advantageous as they can be fabricated in different shapes and geometries; also ionic properties are significantly superior to that of solid and liquid electrolytes. We have synthetized GPE in form of membranes by trapping ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate in a composite of polyvinylidene fluoride and N-methylpyrrolidinore. By applying phase-transfer method, we synthetized membranes with micro-pores, which led to higher ionic conductivity. The proposed membrane is to be modified further to have higher capacity, stronger mechanical properties, and lower internal resistance. In order to meet those requirements, we have doped the samples with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to form nanoparticle-polymer composites with tunable porosity and conductivity. Membranes doped with nanoparticles are expected to have higher porosity, which leads to higher ion mobility; and improved electrical conductivity. Four-point-probe measurement technique was used to measure the sheet resistance of the membranes. Morphology of the membranes was studied using electron and optical microscopies. Cyclic voltammetry and potentiostatic impedance spectroscopy were performed to characterize electrochemical behavior of the samples as a function of weight percentage of embedded AuNPs.
Ionic conduction in plasticized PVC/PAN blend polymer electrolytes
Ionics, 2008
Blended polymer electrolytes with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)–poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) were prepared with different plasticizer concentrations and constant lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) ratio by the solution-casting technique. The structure and complexation of the prepared films were studied by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effect of the plasticizer on the ionic conduction in these electrolytes was investigated using alternating current impedance measurement and discussed. The temperature-dependant ionic conductivity was carried out in the range 302–373 K. The prepared films were also examined by thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis to determine their thermal stability.
Ionics, 2007
Gel polymer polymer membranes, prepared by immobilizing lithium-conducting solutions in a polymer matrix, are promising electrolyte materials for promoting the advancement of the lithium battery technology. However, so far, not much attention has been devoted to the definition of the role of the constituents in determining the properties of these electrolytes. In this work we have examined the characteristics of three common examples of polymer electrolytes based on a poly(vinylidene fluoride)-fluoropropylene, poly(vinyilidene fluoride)–hexa-fluoropropylene copolymer matrix. The three selected electrolytes differed from the nature of their polymer matrix. The results, based on X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and conductivity tests, show that, indeed, the type of the polymer matrix may influence the properties of the electrolytes, especially in terms of conductivity.
Polymers
The three-dimensional (3D) structure of batteries nowadays obtains a lot of attention because it provides the electrodes a vast surface area to accommodate and employ more active material, resulting in a notable increase in areal capacity. However, the integration of polymer electrolytes to complicated three-dimensional structures without defects is appealing. This paper presents the creation of a flawless conformal coating for a distinctive 3D-structured NiO/Ni anode using a simple thermal oxidation technique and a polymer electrolyte consisting of three layers of PAN-(PAN-PVA)-PVA with the addition of Al2O3 nanoparticles as nanofillers. Such a composition with a unique combination of polymers demonstrated superior electrode performance. PAN in the polymer matrix provides mechanical stability and corrosion resistance, while PVA contributes to excellent ionic conductivity. As a result, NiO/Ni@PAN-(PAN-PVA)-PVA with 0.5 wt% Al2O3 NPs configuration demonstrated enhanced cycling stabil...
Gels
This work describes the electrochemical properties of a type of PMMA-based gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs). The gel polymer electrolyte systems at a concentration of (20:80) % w/w were prepared from poly (methyl methacrylate), lithium perchlorate LiClO4 and single plasticizer propylene carbonate (PMMA-Li-PC) and a mixture of plasticizers made by propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate in molar ratio 1:1, (PMMA-Li-PC-EC). Different salt concentrations (0.1 M, 0.5 M, 1 M, 2 M) were studied. The effect of different plasticizers (single and mixed) on the properties of gel polymer electrolytes were considered. The variation of conductivity versus salt concentration, thermal properties using DSC and TGA, anodic stability and FTIR spectroscopy were used in this study. The maximum ionic conductivity of σ = 0.031 S/cm were obtained for PMMA-Li-PC-EC with a salt concentration equal to 1 M. Ion-pairing phenomena and all ion associations were observed between lithium cations, plasticizers an...
Bulletin of Materials Science, 2016
The free standing and dimensionally stable gel polymer electrolyte films of polyacrylonitrile (PAN): potassium iodide (KI) of different compositions, using ethylene carbonate as a plasticizer and dimethyl formamide as solvent, are prepared by adopting 'solution casting technique' and these films are examined for their conductivities. The structural, miscibility and the chemical rapport between PAN and KI are investigated using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry methods. The conductivity is enhanced with the increase in KI concentration and temperature. The maximum conductivity at 30 • C is found to be 2.089 × 10 −5 S cm −1 for PAN:KI (70:30) wt%, which is nine orders greater than that of pure PAN (<10 −14 S cm −1). The conductivity-temperature dependence of these polymer electrolyte films obeys Arrhenius behaviour with activation energy ranging from 0.358 to 0.478 eV. The conducting carriers of charge transport in these polymer electrolyte films are identified by Wagner's polarization technique and it is found that the charge transport is predominantly due to ions. The better conducting sample is used to fabricate the battery with configuration K/PAN + KI/I 2 + C + electrolyte and good discharge characteristics of battery are observed.