Irritable bowel syndrome, anxiety, depression and personality characteristics (original) (raw)
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Psychological profiles of irritable bowel syndrome patients with different phenotypes
Intestinal Research
Background/Aims: Abnormal psychological profiles are frequently found in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). The present study aimed to evaluate the psychological profiles of FGID patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and IBS phenotypes.Methods: In 608 FGID patients, including 235 with IBS, have filled a Rome III questionnaire and the French version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2. Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression.Results: This study shows that IBS patients have abnormal psychological profiles with more significant symptom exaggeration and decreased test defensiveness than non-IBS patients. They have a significantly higher score for all clinical scales. Logistic regression analysis showed in IBS patients a decrease of body mass index (P= 0.002), and test defensiveness score K (P= 0.001) and an increase of Hypochondriasis (P< 0.001) and Masculinity-Femininity scale (P= 0...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients Exhibit Depressive and Anxiety Scores in the Subsyndromal Range
The Open Psychiatry Journal, 2008
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients frequently experience affective disorders and psychiatric outpatients frequently meet criteria for IBS. The exact nature of this co-morbidity is not clear. 34 patients with Rome-II diagnosed IBS were recruited from a Gastroenterology clinic. Patients with social anxiety disorder (10 SSRI-remitted and 7 untreated subjects) were used as a psychiatric comparison, 28 normal subjects from our register were included as a fourth group (Volunteers). Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), respectively. Personality traits were measured with the Swedish universities Scales of Personality (SSP). IBS subjects had BDI and STAI scores intermediate between those of volunteers and patients, despite their lack of a co-morbid psychiatric diagnosis. A principle component factor analysis of the SSP dataset corresponded closely to the solution published with other samples. ANOVA revealed significant between-group differences for 7 of the 13 SSP variables.
Advanced Biomedical Research, 2016
Background: Psychiatric disorders are common in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We conducted this study to investigate the relationship of IBS and their subtypes with some of psychological factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among 4763 staff of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Modified ROME III questionnaire and Talley Bowel Disease Questionnaire were used to evaluate IBS symptoms. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and 12-item General Health Questionnaire were utilized to assess anxiety, depression and psychological distress. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association of psychological states and IBS in the total subject and both genders. Results: About, 4763 participants with mean age 36/58 ± 8/09 were included the 2106 males and 2657 females. Three thousand and seven hundred and seventy-six (81.2%) and 2650 (57.2%) participants were married and graduated respectively. Subtype analysis of IBS and its relationship with anxiety, depression and distress comparing the two genders can be observed that: IBS and clinically-significant IBS have higher anxiety, depression symptoms, and distress than the subject without IBS (P < 0.001). Women with IBS, have higher scores than men (P < 0.001). Compared to other subtypes, mixed IBS subtype has a higher anxiety, depression, and distress score. Conclusion: A high prevalence of anxiety, depression symptoms and distress in our subjects emphasize the importance of the psychological evaluation of the patients with IBS, in order to better management of the patients and may also help to reduce the burden of health care costs.
Yafteh, 2018
Background : The irritable bowel syndrome is one of the common gastrointestinal disorder and according to biopsychosocial model, personality traits play major role in onset, relapse and severity of IBS. The aim of the current research was to determine the personality traits of IBS patients. Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross -sectional study, the personality traits of 50 individuals, diagnosed as IBS patients by Gastroenterologist and 50 healthy individuals were compared. The data was gathered by NEO personality inventory (NEO-FFI) and analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance. Results: The findings of the research showed that patients with IBS, have more neuroticism and less extraversion in comparison with healthy individuals (p 0/05). Conclusion: The results of this research indicated that some personality traits make individuals more vulnerable to IBS and probability of IBS infection could be predicted based on personality traits. Keywords: Irritable Bowel Syndro...
Personality traits and emotional patterns in irritable bowel syndrome
The review focuses on those personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness), constructs (alexithymia and distressed-Type D personality) and emotional patterns (negative and positive) that are of particular concern in health psychology, with the aim to highlight their potential role on the pathogenesis, onset, symptom clusters, clinical course, and outcome of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Personality traits and emotional patterns play key roles in affecting autonomic, immune, inflammatory, and endocrine functions, thus contributing not only to IBS clinical expression and symptomatic burden, but also to disease physiopathology. In this sense, psychological treatments should address those personality traits and emotional features that are constitutive of, and integral to IBS. The biopsychosocial model of illness applied to IBS acknowledges the interaction between biological, psychological, environmental, and social factors in relation to pain and functional disability. A holistic approach to IBS should take into account the heterogeneous nature of the disorder, and differentiate treatments for different types of IBS, also considering the marked individual differences in prevalent personality traits and emotional patterns. Beyond medications, and lifestyle/dietary interventions, psychological and educational treatments may provide the optimal chance of addressing clinical symptoms, comorbid conditions, and quality of life in IBS patients.
Evaluation of Psychological Aspects Among Subtypes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 2012
Recent psychological studies on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-commonest functional bowel disorders seen by gastroenterologists-have suggested that there is evidence of an association with psychological factors, especially depression, anxiety, and somatization. [1-7] Some studies have shown that approximately up to 60% of IBS patients have major psychosocial problems. [5,6,8,9] According to Rome III criteria (the latest gastrointestinal symptom questionnaire), IBS was categorized to three groups including: constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C), diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D), and mixed-IBS (IBS-M). To our knowledge, a few studies on the association between the subtype of IBS patients and psychiatric comorbidity are published. The Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) is a 90-item self-report symptom inventory developed by Leonard R. Derogatis in the mid-1970s to measure psychological symptoms and psychological distress. [10] In 1988, Whitehead's group [11] administered the Symptom SCL-90-R in order to comparing IBS patients with IBS non-patients and normal subjects. They revealed that the IBS patients have higher level of psychological symptoms compared to other two groups. Walker et al. [12] described an association of medically unexplained complaints with psychiatric comorbidity in IBS patients. Miller et al. [13] found that IBS patients Original Article Context: While some studies have found disparities between subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), others did not found such differences. Aim: This study aimed to investigate whether there are differences in psychological features between the subtypes of IBS. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was performed on all consecutive outpatients IBS diagnosed (from Oct. 2010 to Oct. 2011) in Taleghani Hospital gastroenterology clinic, Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: A total of 153 consecutively diagnosed IBS patients (using Rome III criteria); including 80 constipationpredominant (IBS-C), 22 diarrhea-predominant (IBS-D), and 51 mixed IBS (IBS-M) were asked to complete the Symptom Checklist 90 Revised (SCL-90-R). Statistical Analysis: Pearson's chi-square test was used to compare nominal variables. One-way ANOVA was used to compare continuous variables. Results: Although IBS-C patients were more suffered from psychiatric disorders, there were no statistical differences between mean score of IBS-C, IBS-D, and IBS-M patients regarding to all of SCL-90-R subscales and three global indices including Global Severity Index (GSI), Positive Symptom Distress Index (PSDI) and Positive Symptom Total (PST) (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our finding showed that there are no different symptomatic profiles between IBS subtypes.
Personality characteristics and irritable bowel syndrome in Shiraz, Southern Iran
Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology, 2007
Background/Aims: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder, and its defi nite etiology is still unclear. It has been shown that personality characteristics can affect the disease presentation and attitude of patient toward symptoms. This study was undertaken to evaluate the personality characteristics in patients with IBS in Shiraz, southern Iran. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, the personality characteristics of 60 patients with IBS and 55 healthy persons were compared using Minnesota II Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2). The cases were selected from patients who were referred to the Mottahari clinic affi liated to the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Results: The patients recorded the highest scores on the hypochondriasis and psychoasthenia scales. The scores of the patient on the scales of lie, infrequency, hypochondriasis, depression and hysteria showed signifi cant elevation in comparison to those of the control group. Furthermore, the scores on clinical scales in male subjects were higher for psychopathic-deviate, paranoia and social introversion scales in comparison to the males in the control group. Female subjects recorded lower scores on the social introversion scale in comparison to the females in the control group. Male subjects also recorded a higher score on the psychopathic-deviate, paranoia, psychoasthenia and social introversion scales in comparison to females. Female subjects had a relatively higher score on the masculinity/feminity scale. Based on the clinical interview using DMS-IV criteria, the most prevalent symptoms were anxiety and depression in patients with IBS. Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with IBS, psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy of these patients is recommended.
Effects of personality traits on the manifestations of irritable bowel syndrome
BioPsychoSocial Medicine, 2012
Objective Previous studies have reported that patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) show high neuroticism. However, the precise association between the IBS subtypes and the degree of neuroticism in younger populations is largely unknown. We tested our hypothesis that subjects with diarrhea-predominant IBS may have a higher degree of neuroticism than subjects without IBS or those with other subtypes of IBS. We also verified the additional hypothesis that the severity of neuroticism might be correlated with the severity of IBS in younger populations. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 557 university students, ranging in age from 18 to 21 years. Presence/ absence of IBS and determination of the IBS subtype was by the Rome II Modular Questionnaire, while the severity of IBS was determined by the IBS severity index (IBS-SI). The degree of neuroticism was evaluated using the Maudsely Personality Inventory (MPI). The presence/absence of psychological distress was measu...
Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 2013
Objective-There is evidence that psychological factors affect the onset, severity and duration of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). However, it is not clear which psychological factors are the most important and how they interact. The aims of the current study are to identify the most important psychological factors predicting IBS symptom severity and to investigate how these psychological variables are related to each other. Methods-Study participants were 286 IBS patients who completed a battery of psychological questionnaires including neuroticism, abuse history, life events, anxiety, somatization and catastrophizing. IBS severity measured by the IBS Severity Scale was the dependent variable. Path analysis was performed to determine the associations among the psychological variables, and IBS severity. Results-Although the hypothesized model showed adequate fit, post hoc model modifications were performed to increase prediction. The final model was significant (Chi 2 = 2.2; p=0.82; RMSEA < .05) predicting 36% of variance in IBS severity. Catastrophizing (Standardized coefficient (β)=0.33; p <.001) and Somatization (β=0.20; p <.001) were the only two psychological variables directly associated with IBS severity. Anxiety had an indirect effect on IBS symptoms through catastrophizing (β=0.80; p <.001); as well as somatization (β=0.37; p <. 001). Anxiety, in turn, was predicted by neuroticism (β=0.66; p<.001) and stressful life events (β=0.31; p<.001). Conclusion-While cause-and-effect cannot be determined from these cross-sectional data, the outcomes suggest that the most fruitful approach to curb negative effects of psychological factors on IBS is to reduce catastrophizing and somatization.