Excess volumes and excess viscosities of binary mixtures of cyclic ethers with bromobenzene (original) (raw)
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Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2005
The density and viscosity of binary mixtures of ethyl-2-methylbutyrate and ethyl hexanoate with methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol over the whole composition range have been measured at three different temperatures (293.15, 303.15, and 313.15) K and atmospheric pressure. A Redlich-Kister-type polynomial equation was fitted to the calculated excess molar volumes and viscosity deviations. Experimental Section Materials. High-purity and AR-grade samples of methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethyl-2-methylbutyrate, and ethyl hexanoate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Singapore. The purity of these chemicals was analyzed by gas chromatography (Shimadzu, GC-17A) using a flame ionization detector with a DB-5 column. Helium (high purity) was used as the carrier gas. Because the purity of all of the compounds was >99.0% (by weight), these compounds were used without any further purification. The binary mixture samples were prepared by mass in airtight-stoppered glass bottles using a Mettler Toledo AE 240 balance with an uncertainty of (10-5 g. The uncertainty of the mole fraction for each binary mixture is less than 0.0001. Density Measurements. The measurements of the densities of the pure components and the binary mixtures were carried out using a Mettler Toledo density meter type DE50 with an uncertainty of about 10-5 g‚cm-3. Prior to measurement, the instrument was calibrated with doubledistilled water at 293.15 K, 303.15 K, and 313.15 K. The temperature of the measuring cell was maintained at 293.15 K, 303.15 K, and 313.15 K using Julabo refrigerated and heating circulators, model F12-MD, with an uncertainty of 0.1 K. Viscosity Measurements. For the viscosity measurement, an automatic microviscosimeter (Anton Paar type AMV n) equipped with an automatic timer ((0.01 s) was used. This instrument uses the rolling ball principle according to DIN 53015 and ISO/DIS 12058, where goldcovered steel balls roll down inside an inclined, samplefilled glass capillary. The uncertainty of time in the range of (0 to 250) s is less than 0.02 s with a precision of (0.01 s. The temperature range of this viscosimeter is from (283.15 to 343.15) K with an uncertainty of less than 0.05 K. The calibration of the instrument was performed periodically with double-distilled water. The uncertainty
Theoretical and Experimental Methods for Study of Binary mixtures viscosity at T= 303.15
2018
Molecular interactions in binary mixtures composed of a xylene and selected 1-butanol 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol and 1-octanol was investigated by measuring the viscosity at T= 303.15 K. From experimental data, viscosity deviation was calculated. Values of viscosity deviations for all binary mixtures are negative and increase with increase of alcohols chain length. Obtained data were interpreted based on the type and magnitude of the physico-chemical interactions in the binary liquid systems. free volume theory was applied to correlate the viscosities of binary mixtures and correlated values by this model were good enough and obtained data were within the uncertainty region.Keywords: Viscosity; xylene; 1-Alkanol; free volume theory
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2008
The excess molar volumes, V m E , and viscosity deviations, ∆η, were calculated from the measured density and viscosity data over the whole composition range for the ternary systems of cyclohexane (CHX) + cyclohexanone (CHXN) + methyl acetate (MA), ethyl acetate (EA), and propyl acetate (PA) and the constituent binary mixtures of cyclohexane or cyclohexanone + methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, and cyclohexane or cyclohexanone at 298.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The excess or deviation properties of the binary and ternary systems were fitted to Redlich-Kister and Cibulka equations, respectively. The excess or deviation properties were found to be either negative or positive depending on the molecular interactions and the nature of liquid mixtures. Experimental Section Materials. Cyclohexane and cyclohexanone (S. D. Fine Chemicals, AR, Purity 99 %, India) were purified by distillation and stored over activated 4 Å molecular sieves to reduce water content. Methyl, ethyl, and propyl acetates (S. D. Fine Chemicals, AR, purity 99 %) were used. Methyl acetate was washed with a saturated solution of NaCl, dried with anhydrous MgCl 2 , and then distilled. Ethyl acetate was dried over K 2 CO 3 , filtered, and distilled, and the first and last portions of the distillate were discarded. The entire middle fraction was then distilled over P 2 O 5. Propyl acetate was purified by drying over CaCO 3 overnight and was then filtered and freshly distilled. The chemicals after purification were 99.7 % to 99.8 % pure, and their purity was ascertained by GLC and also by a comparison of experimental values of densities and viscosities with those reported in the open literature, 2,6,8,11-14 as presented in Table 1. Apparatus and Procedure. The densities (F) were measured with an Ostwald-Sprengel-type pycnometer with a bulb volume of about 25 cm 3 and an internal diameter of the capillary of about 0.1 cm. The measurements were done in a thermostatted bath controlled to (0.01 K. The viscosities (η) were measured by means of a suspended Ubbelohde-type viscometer calibrated at 298.15 K with triple-distilled water and purified methanol using density and viscosity values from the literature. 15-17 The flow times were accurate to (0.1 s, and the uncertainty in the viscosity values was (0.003 mPa • s. We prepared the mixtures by mixing the requisite volume of the pure liquids in airtight stoppered glass bottles (to avoid evaporation). We previously converted the required masses of the respective liquids to volumes by using their experimental densities. The reproducibility in mole fraction was within (0.0002 units. The mass measurements were done on a Mettler AG-285 electronic balance with a precision of (0.01 mg. The uncertainty of density values was (3 • 10-4 g • cm-3. The details of the methods and techniques are described in earlier works. 7,18
Thermochimica Acta, 2009
Viscosities for the binary mixtures of tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, 1,3-dioxolane or 1,4-dioxane with 1-chloropentane or 1-chlorohexane have been determined at 283.15, 298.15 and 313.15 K, except for the mixtures containing 1,4-dioxane whose measurements were carried out only at 298.15 and 313.15 K. Kinematic viscosities have been correlated by the McAllister equation. Viscosity deviations have been calculated from viscosity data for all the mixtures and results have been fitted with the Redlich-Kister equation. Experimental values of kinematic viscosity have been compared to values predicted by means of the Asfour method.
Chinese Journal of Chemistry, 2007
Excess molar volumes VmEand kinematic viscosities ν have been measured as a function of composition for binary mixtures of propylene glycol monomethyl ether (1-methoxy-2-propanol), MeOCH2CH(OH)Me, propylene glycol monoethyl ether (1-ethoxy-2-propanol), EtOCH2CH(OH)Me, propylene glycol monopropyl ether (1-propoxy-2-propanol), PrOCH2CH(OH)Me, propylene glycol monobutyl ether (1-butoxy-2-propanol), BuOCH2CH(OH)Me, and propylene glycol tert-butyl ether (1-tert-butoxy-2-propanol), t-BuOCH2CH(OH)Me with 1-butanol, and 2-butanol, at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. The excess molar volumes are negative across the entire range ofcomposition for all the systems with 1-butanol, and positive for the systems 2-butanol+1-methoxy-2-propanol, and +1-propoxy-2-propanol, negative for the systems 2-butanol+1-butoxy-2-propanol, and change sign for the systems 2-butanol+1-ethoxy-2-propanol, and +1-tert-butoxy-2-propanol. From the experimental data, the deviation in dynamic viscosity η from Δxiηi has been calculated. Both excess molar volumes and viscosity deviations have been correlated using a Redlich-Kister type polynomial equation by the method of least-squares for the estimation of the binary coefficients and the standard errors.
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2012
This paper presents densities and viscosities of binary mixtures of butan-1-ol (or 2-methylpropan-1-ol) with propane-1,2-diol, and butane-1,2-diol from 298.15 to 333.15 K at 0.1 MPa over the entire concentration range. A vibrating tube densimeter provides the densities while a glass capillary viscometer provides the efflux time which is related with the kinematic viscosity. Experimental densities and viscosities of the pure components agree with data reported in the literature within an average absolute percentage deviation of 0.03% and 1.16%, respectively. The excess molar volumes and viscosity deviation calculated from experimental data present negative deviations from ideality in the entire temperature range. The Redlich−Kister equation is used to represent the composition behavior of excess molar volumes and the viscosity deviations. The Nava-Rios equation correlates our kinematic viscosity data within an overall average absolute percentage deviation of 1.085% while the McAllister equation correlates the kinematic viscosity within 1.541%.
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 1997
Kinematic viscosities ν have been measured for binary liquid mixtures of butanol (n-C 4 H 9 OH) + pentane (n-C 5 H 12), + hexane (n-C 6 H 14), + heptane (n-C 7 H 16), and + octane (n-C 8 H 18) at T) 298.15 K. Values of ν have been used to calculate dynamic viscosities η, using available density data. The values of the quantity ∆η, which refers to the deviations of η of mixtures from those arising from a mole fraction average, have also been calculated. The values of ν, η, and ∆η have been fitted in appropriate equations using a least-squares method. The analysis has shown that McAllister's approach correlates the liquid-mixture viscosity data of the present systems throughout the entire composition range to a significantly high degree of accuracy, whereas Lobe's approach predicts ν of mixtures to a lower degree of accuracy.
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2015
This paper presents experimental viscosity and density measurements for two binary mixtures of ethanol with 1-hexanol and 1heptanol that cover the complete composition range from (293.15 to 328.15) K at 0.1 MPa. A vibrating tube densimeter provides density measurements, whereas viscosities come from a pellet microviscometer. The excess molar volumes calculated from the experimental data have positive deviations from ideality over the temperature range. Calculated viscosity deviations from the experimental data show negative deviations from a mole fraction weighted average of the pure component viscosities over the temperature range. A Redlich−Kister type equation correlates the data satisfactorily. We have correlated the three-body McAllister to the experimental kinematic viscosity. Comparison of the experimental viscosity data to predictions from a generalized, three-body McAllister and a generalized corresponding states principle (GCSP) equation shows that the generalized McAllister equation is superior predicting the kinematic viscosity within an average absolute percentage deviation of 1.24%. Finally, molecular dynamics was performed to compare density and viscosity results with those obtained experimentally. Results for density agree with the experimental measurements, whereas viscosity calculations are beyond the experimental error.