Use of Moringa Oleifera (Drumstick) seed as Natural Absorbent and an Antimicrobial agent for Ground water Treatment (original) (raw)
Related papers
Effectiveness of Moringa oleifera seed as coagulant for water purification
The high cost of treated water makes most people in the rural communities to resort to readily available sources which are normally of low quality exposing them to waterborne diseases. It is in this light that this research was carried out to confirm the effectiveness of powder extracted from mature-dried Moringa oleifera seeds which is commonly available in most rural communities of Africa. This was done using Completely Randomised Design with loading doses of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 g/L of the powder processed from Moringa seeds, and aluminium sulphate (alum) as coagulant. A control (water from the pond with only distilled water without alum and Moringa treatments) was also included. The turbidity, pH, and conductivity and total coliform were determined for all the samples. The turbidity for the samples ranged from log100.30 to log101.36NTU while the conductivity ranged from log102.29 to log102.72 μS/cm. The 12 g/L treatment of Moringa and 10 and 12 g/L alum treatments gave values that are acceptable according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines for safe drinking water. The control sample gave the higher extremes values which are unacceptable. The pH values (7.29 to 7.89) obtained for the treatments were in the recommended range set by WHO. The Most Probable Number per 100 ml for total coliform counts had values from 2 to 17 at 95% confidence limits. The Moringa treatment gave lower counts. Findings of this research lend support to earlier works recommending the use of Moringa for water treatment.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2016
Wastewater and ground water treatment are mostly using Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC), a synthetic coagulant, which possess health risk and require expensive cost. This research was carried out to observe the effect of Moringa oleifera seed as natural coagulant to replace synthetic coagulant. M. oleifera reduced 98.6% turbidity of wastewater, 10.8 % of its conductivity, 11.7% of its BOD and removed its metal contents (Cd, Cr, Mn). When applied to ground water, M. oleifera removed the turbidity of ground water as much as 97.5%, while reduced the conductivity and BOD of ground water 53.4 % and 18%, respectively. The use of M. oleifera also reduced total number of coliform. The advantage of using M. oleifera is that it does not reduce pH as PAC, hence does not require further treatment to adjust pH of the treated water.
WATER TREATMENT USING MORINGA OLEIFERA SEEDS AND KERNALS IN STREAM WATER
Need of good drinking water increases in all countries, particularly in developing countries like India. In such countries people drinks untreated water due to high cost of water treatment methods. So it is necessary to discover some sustainable and cost effective methods to replace the current methods. The main purpose of this study is to replace the chemical coagulant Alum by natural coagulant Moringa oleifera, commonly known as Drumstick. The seeds of Moringa have the capacity of coagulation as well as antibacterial activities. This substitution is necessary because of high cost of Alum and its potential to produce Alzemer's disease. From previous works it is found that Moringa can replace Alum as a coagulant. But when compared to Alum, the antimicrobial activity of Moringa is relatively less. So we can combine alum and Moringa powder for coagulation. It may give good results in both coagulation and bacterial reduction.
Use of moringa oleifera seed extracts as alternative natural material for water purification
Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences , 2014
This research paper investigated the effectiveness of the use of different Moringa oleifera coagulants for the removal of turbidity, bacteria, and natural organic matter (NOM) from natural surface water using laboratory experiment. In the laboratory study water sample with turbidity of 64NTU was analysed and treated with the three coagulants produced from the Moringa oleifera seed namely: the shell-blended (without oil extraction) seed powder, de-oiled seed powder and the purified protein (polymer) powder. Jar test was conducted to determine the optimum dosages of the coagulant needed in the treatment of raw surface water using the three different coagulants as named above. The concentration of the dose selected for the jar tests were; 30mg/l, 50mg/l, 70mg/l, 90mg/l, 100mg/l and 120mg/l for all three coagulants. The optimum dosages for the shell-blended, de-oiled seed powder and the purified protein powder were found to be 100mg/l, 100mg/l and 90mg/l respectively. After treatment with the optimum coagulant dosage, the water samples were analysed for different physiochemical parameters such as the pH, total solids, turbidity, alkalinity, MPN and SPC. Protein powder had the highest turbidity removal efficiency with a percentage turbidity removal of 92.3% followed by de-oiled powder with a percentage turbidity removal of 83.25% and shell blended powder with a percentage turbidity removal of 75.68% at optimal dosage. The total coliform present in the raw water sample which was measured quantitatively was beyond the W.H.O limit. All three coagulants were able to reduce the total coliforms to a level which conforms to the standard set by the W.H.O. Protein polymer powder had the highest reduction efficiency at optimal dosage followed by the de-oiled powder which was then followed by shellblended coagulant powder. This study has shown that Moringa oleifera seeds are highly effective in the reduction of the turbidity and faecal coliforms of turbid surface water. In the overall investigations, the results obtained were seen to be comparable to inorganic coagulants of alum and ferric chloride. The use of Moringa oleifera coagulant in combination with alum and ferric chloride showed that reduced usage of inorganic salts to an average of 60% could be achieved. Bactericidal activity seemed to be evident through analysis of E.coli viability in the water and sludge treated by the Moringa oleifera coagulant. Moringa oleifera seed extract was found to have no significant effect on pH or alkalinity of the water. The residual turbidities measured during most of the test runs were seen to satisfy Guideline for Drinking Water Supplies. Findings of this research paper lend support to earlier works recommending the use of Moringa oleifera as alternative natural material for water treatment.
Journal of Natural Product and Plant Resources, 2012
The high cost of treated water makes most people in the rural communities to resort to readily available water sources which are normally of low quality exposing them to waterborne diseases. The present study was carried out to confirm the effectiveness of seed powder extracted from mature-dried Moringa oleifera seeds which are commonly available in most rural communities. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and efficiency of a natural absorbent from Moringa oleifera seeds in treating river water. During this study, surface water samples were collected for treatment by Moringa seeds in powdered form, resulting in an effective natural clarification agent for highly turbid and untreated pathogenic water. Various doses of Moringa seed powder viz. 50, 100 and 150 mg/l were taken and checked for the efficiency dose on raw water. After treatment of seed powder with water samples were analyzed for different parameter like pH, Turbidity, TDS, TS, Hardne...
Drinking Water Quality Analysis and Moringa oleifera Seed Based Biotreatment
Tathapi, 2020
Earth surface is covered about 70 % of water and from that huge percentage, the percentage of water used for human consumption is about 0.002 % only. Many infectious and dangerous microbial diseases are spread through contaminated drinking water. In Indian states like Tamil Nadu, the peoples are using the Groundwater for their household domestic purposes, agricultural irrigation and industrial usage. Current operational procedures at many treatment works in developing countries are based on arbitrary guidelines, particularly in relation to the dosage of chemicals. Because, they lack knowledge of proper drinking water treatment and they cannot afford costly chemical coagulants. To overcome chemical coagulant problems it is necessary to increase the use of natural coagulants for drinking water treatment. Naturally occurring coagulants are usually presumed safe for human health. Even in the highly industrialized countries, several children still die of water borne diseases. The present review was focused on the details of some parameters used for Drinking water quality analysis and the method of biological treatment by using seeds of Moringa oleifera.
Wastewater and ground water treatment are mostly using Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC), a synthetic coagulant, which possess health risk and require expensive cost. This research was carried out to observe the effect of Moringa oleifera seed as natural coagulant to replace synthetic coagulant. M. oleifera reduced 98.6% turbidity of wastewater, 10.8 % of its conductivity, 11.7% of its BOD and removed its metal contents (Cd, Cr, Mn). When applied to ground water, M. oleifera removed the turbidity of ground water as much as 97.5%, while reduced the conductivity and BOD of ground water 53.4 % and 18%, respectively. The use of M. oleifera also reduced total number of coliform. The advantage of using M. oleifera is that it does not reduce pH as PAC, hence does not require further treatment to adjust pH of the treated water.
Effectiveness of using milled Moringa Oleifera seeds as a natural coagulant in waste water treatment
Test Engineering and Management, 2020
This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the performance of milled moringa oleifera seeds as a natural coagulant in waste water treatment. Operating parameters such as pH, temperature and total suspended solids were tested at different water turbidities. Elemental analysis of raw Moringa Oleifera seeds showed that iron was the predominant element. The percentage turbidity removal for Moringa Oleifera seeds on low, medium and high turbidities were 84.6%, 94.8%, and 72% respectively. Generally, the turbidity removal increased with an increase in Moringa Oleifera dosage. Lower speeds promote the floc formation rate on low turbid water and the results also revealed that the dosage of Moringa Oleifera does not affect the pH of water as the final pH for all the experiments was within the required standard of 6.5-9.5. Moringa oleifera seeds showed a greater potential to be applied as a natural coagulant.
A Review of the Applications of Moringa oleifera Seeds Extract in Water Treatment
Moringa oleifera is a single family of shrubs and trees that is cultivated in the whole of tropical belt. It belongs to the family Moringaceae and is one of the 14 known species. The tree has been described as a multi-purpose tree for life. It has, in recent times, been advocated as an outstanding indigenous source of highly digestible protein, Ca, Fe, Vitamin C, and carotenoids suitable for utilization in many of the developing regions of the world where undernourishment is a major concern. The seeds are eaten green, roasted, powdered and steeped for tea or used in curries. It has found applications in medicinal uses, as cosmetics, in food supplements, and in water treatment. One of the active ingredients in the M. oleifera seed has been identified as a polyelectrolyte. Its use for coagulation, co-coagulation, or coagulant aid has been a subject of investigation in many parts of the world. Softening of water with M. oleifera has also been identified to have potential advantage since it is accompanied by very low reduction in alkalinity, which is required to provide the necessary buffering capacity to achieve required treatment objectives. Many researchers have also identified the presence of an active antimicrobial agent in Moringa oleifera seeds. This paper presents a review of these various applications of M. oleifera seeds extract in water treatment and highlights the areas requiring further investigations.
Effectiveness of Moringa oleifera seed as a coagulant in domestic wastewater treatment
An investigation on the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera seed for the treatment of domestic sewage was carried out in 15 litres plastic pots. Completely randomized design (CRD) experimental design was adopted. The treatments included: the control culture (no Moringa seed), 2 g of Moringa oleifera, 4 g of Moringa oleifera and 6 g Moringa oleifera. Physical, bacteriological and chemical properties of domestic sewage were investigated before and after treatment. The turbidity value was reduced drastically for the treatments. Water hardness was reduced from 64.2 mg/l to 36 mg/l for the treatments. Alkalinity was reduced from 148 mg/l to 114 mg/l for the treatments, total solids were reduced from 1280 mg/l to 1129 mg/l for the treatments, suspended solids were reduced from 384 mg/l to 306.3 mg/l for the treatments, dissolved oxygen was reduced from 124.8 mg/l to 112.7 mg/l for the treatments, dissolved solids were reduced from 896 mg/l to 820.3 mg/l for the treatments, and acidity was increased from 0.84 to 2.02 for the treatments. The pH value was reduced from 9.6 to 7.5 for the treatments. BOD was reduced from 96.5 mg/l to 80.2 mg/l for the treatments and COD was reduced from 81.6 mg/l to 72 mg/l for the treatments. Generally, the results showed that the higher the quantity of Moringa oleifera seed applied to sewage, the better the purification of the sewage.