Canine limbal melanoma: 30 cases (19922004). Part 1. Signalment, clinical and histological features and pedigree analysis (original) (raw)
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Comparative Aspects of Canine Melanoma
Veterinary sciences, 2016
Melanomas are malignant neoplasms originating from melanocytes. They occur in most animal species, but the dog is considered the best animal model for the disease. Melanomas in dogs are most frequently found in the buccal cavity, but the skin, eyes, and digits are other common locations for these neoplasms. The aim of this review is to report etiological, epidemiological, pathological, and molecular aspects of melanomas in dogs. Furthermore, the particular biological behaviors of these tumors in the different body locations are shown. Insights into the therapeutic approaches are described. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and the outcomes after these treatments are presented. New therapeutic perspectives are also depicted. All efforts are geared toward better characterization and control of malignant melanomas in dogs, for the benefit of these companion animals, and also in an attempt to benefit the treatment of human melanomas.
Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, 2013
Ocular melanosis represents an abnormal pigment proliferation that involves the iris, ciliary body, choroid and filtration angle leading to secondary glaucoma. This report presents a Golden Retriever with excessive pigment deposition and corneal infiltration diagnosed with uveal melanoma. A 6 year-old male Golden Retriever presented with a four-week history of corneal degeneration and excessive pigmentation of the right eye. Full ophthalmic examinations and investigations including gonioscopy, ocular ultrasound and magnetic-resonance imaging were performed. Initial ophthalmic examination showed a central area of corneal degeneration, excessive melanin deposition on the right corneal endothelium and slightly irregular pupil with iris degeneration. There were also two melanin clumps on the left corneal endothelium. Initial ultrasound showed a mass posterior to the right iris into the vitreous with blood flow on the anterior margin and bilateral vitreous degeneration. Nonsteroidal and ...
Melanoma research, 2016
The cutoff presented in the current classification of canine melanocytic lesions by Wilcock and Pfeiffer is based on the clinical outcome rather than morphological concepts. Classification of tumors based on morphology or molecular signatures is the key to identifying new therapies or prognostic factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze morphological findings in canine melanocytic lesions based on classic malignant morphologic principles of neoplasia and to compare these features with human uveal melanoma (HUM) samples. In total, 64 canine and 111 human morphologically malignant melanocytic lesions were classified into two groups (melanocytoma-like or classic melanoma) based on the presence or absence of M cells, respectively. Histopathological characteristics were compared between the two groups using the χ-test, t-test, and multivariate discriminant analysis. Among the 64 canine tumors, 28 (43.7%) were classic and 36 (56.3%) were melanocytoma-like melanomas. Smaller...
Retrospective study of melanocytic neoplasms in dogs and cats
Melanoma is one of the most lethal skin neoplasms among dogs and cats, and its incidence is increasing worldwide in the last years. The relation between the study of tumor biology and epidemiologic data from melanocytic tumors (melanomas and melanocytomas) can help in the achievement of an earlier and safer clinical diagnosis. However, epidemiologic data for these neoplasms are still rare in Brazil. Thus, we performed a retrospective study of melanocytic neoplasms in dogs and cats registered at the Animal Pathology Service of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (SVMAS), University of São Paulo (USP), between January of 2000 and December of 2006. The epidemiological data extracted from pathology records regarded affected population (age, gender, hair color) and tumor characteristics (anatomic location and histological type). Of 2154 histopathological reports analyzed 193 (8.9%) were melanocytic neoplasms, of which 186 cases in dogs (96.4%) and only 7 in cats (3.6%). Male dogs, of mixed breed, among 8 and 11 years of age and black hair were most affected by melanocytic neoplasms. Histological types most often found were epithelioid cell melanoma mainly located in the buccal cavity, and melanocytomas, located on the skin. Among cats, females between 8 and 11 years of age of mixed breed and black hair were most often affected. Epithelioid melanoma again presented as the most common histological type, located, however, on the skin. In conclusion, this casuistic demonstrated that melanocytic neoplasms develop mostly in middle age dogs with dark hair, in the oral cavity or skin, with histological type of epithelioid cells. Melanocytic tumors are rare in cats when compared to dogs; in our cases, they were diagnosed in middle aged female cats, mostly located in skin, and with epithelioid histological type. Epidemiological data strengthen the importance of early diagnosis of melanocytic tumors in Veterinary Medicine, promoting initiation of the most appropriate therapeutical process, improving diagnosis and promoting animal welfare.
Veterinary medicine and science, 2022
OBJECTIVE Gross, histopathological, and immunohistochemical characteristics of uveal melanocytic neoplasms in dogs and cats were investigated. SAMPLES Thirty-two enucleated globes with uveal melanocytic neoplasms, 27 from dogs and 5 from cats, were examined. PROCEDURES Morphological characteristics of uveal melanocytic neoplasms in dogs and cats were evaluated with anti-PNL2, anti-Melan-A, anti-Ki-67, anti-caspase-3, and anti-BAP1 immunomarkers. Statistical analysis was performed to compare canine melanocytomas and melanomas. RESULTS The 32 uveal neoplasms were classified as melanocytomas (19/27 in dogs) or melanomas (8/27 in dogs, 5/5 in cats). Most tumours (84%) were located in the anterior uvea. Neoplastic cells were classified as epithelioid, spindle-shaped, mixed, or special type (balloon and signet ring cells). The percentage of cells with melanin, melanin concentration within cells, anisocytosis and anisokaryosis, mitotic count, lymphocytic inflammation, necrosis, vascular in...
Evaluation of Malignancy Criterias in Dogs Melanocytic Neoplasms
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine, 2009
Melanoma is a type of skin cancer which is very aggressive in humans and dogs. Melanocytic tumors are common in the dogs, acconting for 3% of all neoplasms and up to 7% of all malignant tumors. The aim of this research was to evaluation of morfological aspects and malignancy criterias of the spontaneous melanocytic neoplasms in dogs. 18 tumors samples from skin and ocular areas of dogs were used. Evaluation of malignancy criterias of the melanocytic tumors was made by histopathology exams. Tumor location, histological cells type, stromal invasion, level of invasion according by Clark classification mitotic figures, presence of necrosis, lymphocyte infiltration, junctional activity, the presence of the tumors cell in the superficial layer, were recorded for each case. The head (33 %), the limbs (22 %) and the thoracic area (22 %) were the most common sites. Most melanocytic neoplasm were malignants (16 of 18 cases), composed of spindle cells (28 %), epithelioid cells (28%) and a mixt...
Ocular melanosis in the Cairn Terrier: clinical description and investigation of mode of inheritance
Veterinary Ophthalmology, 2007
Objective To describe the clinical features of ocular melanosis in Cairn Terriers. Animal studied One hundred and fourteen Cairn Terriers diagnosed with ocular melanosis. Procedure(s) A complete eye examination was performed on each dog. Four dogs (and two unaffected control dogs) underwent a high frequency ultrasound examination of the anterior segment. The pedigrees of affected dogs were analyzed. Results Forty-four (38.6%) dogs were male and 67 (58.7%) female; the sex of three dogs (2.6%) was not provided. A four-stage grading system of the ocular changes was developed. There was a variable age of onset, and the earliest change was a dark-colored thickening of the iris root. This was followed by the development of episcleral/scleral pigment plaques, release of pigment into the aqueous and deposition in the drainage apparatus, particularly ventrally. Secondary glaucoma developed in the most severely affected dogs. A slow progression of pigmentation in the tapetal fundus was observed and in some dogs pigment on the surface of the optic nerve head was seen. Three dogs developed uveal melanocytic neoplasms. Pedigree analysis suggested a possible autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Conclusions Ocular melanosis is an inherited, probably autosomal-dominant condition with a variable age of onset and rate of progression. It results in a thickening and pigmentation of the iris, release of pigmented material into the aqueous, pigment deposition in the sclera/episclera, and to a lesser extent posterior segment pigment deposition. Following extensive pigment deposition in the aqueous drainage pathways it can result in secondary glaucoma.