Modèles de dominance et théorie de lévolution (original) (raw)

Factors which contribute to the fact that an individual maintains a relationship of quality with its environment, and thus is well adjusted to it, are the same factors which favor its social dominance. In a context in which resources are limited or can become scarce, dominance orders get established because it is to the interest of individuals to compete, and because there exist individual differences in competitive ability due to various degrees of individual adaptation. Individuals which are less adapted learn to avoid futile confrontations with opponents which they assess as superior in adaptation to themselves in the light of acquired eco-socio-cognitive experiences. Social organization of a given species is a compromise between living alone and not being able to profit from the important advantages of living in a group, and living in group of which the major disadvantage is to have to compete with others. The biological value of social organization as a complex property emergin...