Worry, Rumination, Depressive and Anxiety Problems among Adolescents (original) (raw)
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Rumination and Worry in Nonclinical Adolescents
Cognitive Therapy and Research, 2000
Worry and rumination both refer to unproductive, repetitive thought processes. Few studies have addressed the relationship between these two constructs, with most researchers exclusively relating rumination to depression and worry to anxiety.
Rumination in adolescents at risk for depression
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2006
Background: Identifying high-risk adolescents and understanding first onset of depression in adolescence are important steps in reducing depression morbidity. There is compelling evidence that the personality dimension neuroticism is a risk factor for depression, but the vulnerability mechanism is not yet understood. This study examined the association between a hypothesized psychological vulnerability factor (rumination) and depression in adolescents. Methods: A behavioural high-risk design differentiated a sample of 326 adolescents (aged 14-18) as either at normal or high risk for depression (operationalized as scores on a measure of neuroticism). Results: Adolescents at risk for depression reported more rumination than adolescents not at risk. We hypothesized that the well established relationship between neuroticism and depression would be mediated by rumination in cross-sectional analyses, and our findings suggest that rumination partially mediated this relationship. Conclusions: The findings tentatively suggest that neuroticism acts as a risk factor for adolescent onset depression through increased tendency towards brooding rumination (i.e. moody self-evaluative dwelling) in response to depressed mood. Prospective and experimental research examining this mechanism is required.
The Adolescent Ruminative Response Scale (Thai version): Psychometric Properties
2011
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometricproperties of the Rumination Response Scale (RRS) in the Thaiyouths. Design: A methodological research. Methods: Following translation and cross-cultural adaptation, theRRS was tested on 1,417 adolescents aged ranging from 14 to 19years and attending the schools of Bangkok, Thailand. Data werecollected using a battery set of self-report questionnairesincluding the Thoughts, Feelings and Experiences Questionnaireand the Rumination Response Scale. The relationship ofrumination to emotional distress and suicide risk behaviors fortesting the construct validity was investigated. Confirmatoryfactor analysis and content validity index were performed tovalidate the factor structure and the content of the RRS. Inaddition, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated forreliability. Main findings: The results revealed that the 3-factor structure ofthe RRS-Thai version fitted with the data well (χ2 = 0.094,df = 1, p = .759, GFI = 1.000, AGFI...
Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 2011
The current study examined vulnerability to depression during the transition from early to middle adolescence from the perspective of the response styles theory. During an initial assessment, 382 adolescents (ages 11-15 years) completed self-report measures assessing rumination and depressive symptoms as well as a semistructured clinical interview assessing current and past major depressive episodes. Every 3 months for the subsequent 2 years, adolescents completed self-report measures assessing depressive symptoms and negative events. Every 6 months, adolescents completed a semistructured clinical interview assessing the onset of new major depressive episodes. Higher levels of rumination were associated with a greater likelihood of exhibiting a past history of major depressive episodes, a greater likelihood of experiencing the onset of a future major depressive episode, and greater duration of future depressive episodes. Consistent with a vulnerability-stress perspective, rumination moderated the association between the occurrence of negative events and the development of future depressive symptoms and major depressive episodes.
Anxiety and depression among adolescent students at higher secondary school
Bibechana, 2016
This study was conducted to assess the association of depression and anxiety with selected variables; low academic performance and poor parent adolescent relationship among the adolescent students at Arniko Higher Secondary school at Biratnagar. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) tools were used for data collection. Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient and Chi Square test were applied to assess the significant variables. The findings of the study revealed that there was significant correlation between total depression and total anxiety score i.e. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient value was 0.554 (p = 0.000). The study also found that the depression and anxiety were significantly associated with type of family (p =0.005 & p = 0.015). The depression was significantly associated with academic performance of adolescent students (p = 0.030) and major accident in the family (p =0.009). Similarly, the anxiety was significantly associated with parental fight (p = 0.007), conflict with father (p = 0.019), and death of family member (p = 0.016). It can be concluded that adolescent anxiety and depression are significant mental health problems so further studies are needed to validate the findings.
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2009
The present study sought to test predictions of the response styles theory in a sample of children and adolescents. More specifically, a ratio approach to response styles was utilized to examine the effects on residual change scores in depression and anxiety. Participants completed a battery of questionnaires including measures of rumination, distraction, depression, and anxiety at baseline (Time 1) and 8-10 weeks follow-up (Time 2). Results showed that the ratio score of rumination and distraction was significantly associated with depressed and anxious symptoms over time. More specifically, individuals who have a greater tendency to ruminate compared to distracting themselves have increases in depression and anxiety scores over time, whereas those who have a greater tendency to engage in distraction compared to rumination have decreases in depression and anxiety symptoms over time. These findings indicate that a ratio approach can be used to examine the relation between response styles and symptoms of depression and anxiety in non-clinical children and adolescents. Implications of the results may be that engaging in distractive activities should be promoted and that ruminative thinking should be targeted in juvenile depression treatment.
The British journal of clinical psychology / the British Psychological Society, 2014
Worry and depressive rumination have been found to be involved in the onset and maintenance of a range of psychological disorders. The development of brief screening measures for excessive worry and depressive rumination is therefore desirable to facilitate the assessment of worry and rumination in prevention and treatment settings where routine administration of full questionnaires is not practical due to time-related constraints. Using the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS) as gold standard starting points, brief versions of these measures were developed in a large sample of adolescents (N = 1,952) and results were cross-validated in two independent samples (N = 1,954; N = 457). The brief versions demonstrated acceptable to high internal consistency (brief PSWQ: α = .84-.91; brief RRS: α = .78-.81) and correlated highly with the full questionnaires (brief PSWQ: r = .91-.94; brief RRS: r = .88-.91). In addition, they showed high sensitivit...
The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, 2010
This study examined the moderating effects of dispositional rumination and mindfulness on the relationship between recent life hassles and adolescent mental health (operationalized as symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress). Data collected from a sample of 317 Australian high school students comprised an inventory of recent life hassles, measures of dispositional rumination and dispositional mindfulness and an assessment of current symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. An increased incidence of recent life hassles was reliably associated with increased depressive symptoms, anxiety and stress. However, moderation analyses revealed that dispositional rumination exacerbated the relationship between life hassles and symptoms of depression and anxiety, whereas dispositional mindfulness attenuated the relationship between life hassles and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Interventions to increase dispositional mindfulness in childhood are proposed as a method of prote...
Anxiety and Depression among adolescents: A Correlational study
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2018
Anxiety and depression are the two common mental health issues faced by the adolescents living in the present day competitive world. The present study was aimed to find the correlation between anxiety and depression among adolescents. The sample of the present study consists of 100 students studying in various degree colleges of Srinagar district. The age range of the sample was 19-22 years. Sinha’s comprehensive anxiety scale developed by A.K. Sinha and S.K Sinha was used to measure anxiety. Depression was measured using the Depression scale developed by Dr. Shamim karim and Dr. Rama Tiwari. The findings of the present study revealed that significant positive correlation was found between anxiety and depression among adolescents.
Rumination and co‑rumination: Factors predicting depression
Aim: All groups and individuals especially students are supposed to be at risk of getting involved with depressive disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between rumination and co-rumination among students of Isfahan University. Methods: This study benefits from both causal-comparative and descriptive-correlative research methods. The participants were bachelor students of Isfahan University. Using simple random sampling, a sample of 234 students from 10 colleges of Isfahan University was selected. They were evaluated based on three research tools such as the second edition of Beck's depression indicators, response rumination scale, and co-rumination questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and regression. Results: Results indicated that rumination (P < 0.001) and co.rumination (P = 0.009) had significant and positive relationship with a total score of depression. Furthermore, the correlation of all three rumination subscales and all subscales of co-rumination except for subscale in which “the person in question encourages his friends to discuss problems” had positive and significant relationship with the total score of depression (P > 0.001). On the other hand, results revealed that the projection of students with depression in the case of rumination was significant (P ≤ 0.0001, β =0.390). Conclusions: Findings highlighted the predictive value of rumination in students with depression. In addition, this paper identified the importance of training in friendship communicational skills, talking effectively with friends, right thought, and appropriate adjustments of emotions among students.