Singers Silently Speaking: Psalmists in Inscriptions from Late Antique Middle Egypt (Bawit) (original) (raw)

A Song-Sharing Service? Hymns, Scribal Agency, and "Religion" in Two Late Antique Papyri

Religious Identifications in Late Antique Papyri: 3rd–12th Century Egypt (Routledge), 2022

This chapter explores the limitations of interpreting archaeological evidence through the lens of group identity in the study of late antique religion and ritual. By looking at two papyri (P. Berol. 9794 and P. Louvre N 2391) and the hymns they contain (that also surface on a number of other artefacts and in a range of literary contexts), I seek to problematize how we approach the ritual actors behind the production and use of these manuscripts in terms of their putative belonging to “religions” and “cultic groups” as readily tangible social entities. By tracing the patterns of how the ritual hymns from these papyri were shared between religious frameworks that are conventionally thought of as mutually exclusive (Christians, “Gnostics,” “Hermetics” etc.), I argue that the widespread idea of an intimate link between doctrinal thinking and ritual of particular groups may be problematic. Ultimately, I suggest that it can be more economical and epistemologically valuable to view late antique artefacts, and the rituals they prescribe, as evidence of individual agency of particular scribes and their commissioners, rather than of “religious communities” as group actors.

Arsany Paul, Approaching the Ecclesia in Medieval Coptic Cairo: Church Entrance Petitions from the Thirteenth-Century Copto-Arabic Manuscript Suryān Liturgy 383 (Folia 190r-194r) [abstract]

Ecclesia orans, 2022

This study draws attention to the need for greater investigation into medieval Coptic liturgical history through an edition and translation of three previously unknown Copto-Arabic prayers recited en route to and upon entering the church. These thirteenth-century prayers are preserved in MS Suryān Liturgy 383 (fols. 190r–194r), written by the Coptic Pope Gabriel III (r. 1268–1271 ce) before his elevation to the patriarchate. After a brief codicological and paleographical introduction to the codex, the author presents a commentary on the extra-liturgical and spiritual applications of these prayers, and scrutinizes the medieval piety surrounding such entrance rituals. While lay usage cannot be ruled out, the evidence suggests use by monastics. Finally, the prayers are compared to parallels within other traditions of the Christian East, including Syriac and Byzantine texts, highlighting the need for further comparative studies on the late medieval developments in liturgy’s «soft points».

Occasional Prayers Written by Monks and Visitors at the Monastery of Apa Apollo

Studia Patristica 108: Papers Presented at the Eighteenth International Conference on Patristic Studies Held in Oxford 2019, Peeters, 103-114, 2021

While numerous Christian liturgical prayers have survived from the late antique period in Egypt, occasional prayers are less frequently attested. One source of occasional prayers, albeit minimalist in form, are prayers that monks and visitors scratched (graffiti) or painted (dipinti) in monastic spaces imbued with the presence of a saint or other intermediaries. This paper reviews prayers left in such a space at the Monastery of Apa Apollo in Bawit. It describes the typical structure and phraseology of the prayers, and it discusses information gleaned from the prayers about patterns of pilgrimage to the site, the roles and occupations of people named in the room, and the gendered perception of familial and social relations.

'In Defiance of his Cloth' : Monastic (Im)piety in Late Antique Egypt

Studies in Church History Vol. 60, 2024

Hagiographical writing promotes a vision of Egyptian monasticism in which pious ascetic figures are isolated from the world. Peter Brown highlighted the role of the holy man as patron, but nonetheless reinforced a traditional view of Egyptian monasticism based on his readings of works such as the sixth-century Apophthegmata Patrum. Surviving monastic correspondence, in contrast, demonstrates that there was a highly individualized approach to the monastic vocation. In this article, I turn to documentary material to consider the complexities of the early development of the movement. As a case study, I use the Greek and Coptic correspondence of a fourth-century monk called Apa John. My conclusion is that activities and behaviours described in the texts do not always accord with any known typology or ideal, but they are invaluable for exploring aspects of the early monastic impulse and the role played by the movement in wider society.