Cyclodextrins in Drug Delivery Systems and Their Effects on Biological Barriers (original) (raw)
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Cyclodextrins and their Derivatives in Drug Delivery: A Review
Current Trends in …, 2012
The objective of the present review is to discuss the role and applications of cyclodextrins and their derivatives in drug delivery. Cyclodextrins are useful functional excipients that have enjoyed widespread attention and use. They are a family of cyclic oligosaccharides with a hydrophilic outer surface and a lipophilic central cavity. Cyclodextrins have been used in the pharmaceutical industry as complexing agents to increase aqueous solubility of poorly soluble drugs, to increase stability, bioavailability and reduced drug irritation. Applications in the different drug delivery systems like oral, sublingual, buccal, ocular, nasal, transdermal, rectal, pulmonary, parenteral, colon-specific delivery, brain drug delivery, novel delivery systems like liposomes, nanoparticles, microparticles, in gene delivery and oligonucleotide delivery are discussed. Studies in both humans and animals have shown that cyclodextrins can be used to improve drug delivery from almost any type of drug formulation. However, addition of cyclodextrins to existing formulations without further optimization will seldom result in acceptable outcome. A number of cyclodextrin-based products have reached the market based on their ability to camouflage undesirable physicochemical properties.
Cyclodextrins – A Review on Pharmaceutical Application for Drug Delivery
Cyclodextrins are widely used and are among the most acceptable pharmaceutical excipients. These are cyclic oligosaccharides compounds with a hydrophilic outer surface and a lipophilic inner/central cavity. This unique property makes them popular excipient in pharmaceutical field. In pharmaceutical industry, Cyclodextrins are mainly been used as a complexation agent to increase aqueous solubility, bioavailability and to stability of drugs. A number of cyclodextrin based products have reached to the market based on their ability to camouflage undesirable physiochemical properties of drugs. This review article aims to asses the properties of cyclodextrin and their use in drug delivery, Complexation techniques, characterization of complex, regulatory status and future scope for their usage in advanced drug delivery. 107 107 determining factor in dermal drug delivery, then cyclodextrin can acts as a permeation enhancer . However, if the drug permeation through the lipophilic Stratum Corneum is the main rate determining factor then cyclodextrins are unable to enhance the delivery. Thus a suitable vehicle must be selected so that cyclodextrin fully exert their functions.
Cyclodextrins in drug delivery: An updated review
Aaps Pharmscitech, 2005
The purpose of this review is to discuss and summarize some of the interesting findings and applications of cyclodextrins (CDs) and their derivatives in different areas of drug delivery, particularly in protein and peptide drug delivery and gene delivery. The article highlights important CD applications in the design of various novel delivery systems like liposomes, microspheres, microcapsules, and nanoparticles. In addition to their well-known effects on drug solubility and dissolution, bioavailability, safety, and stability, their use as excipients in drug formulation are also discussed in this article. The article also focuses on various factors influencing inclusion complex formation because an understanding of the same is necessary for proper handling of these versatile materials. Some important considerations in selecting CDs in drug formulation such as their commercial availability, regulatory status, and patent status are also summarized. CDs, because of their continuing ability to find several novel applications in drug delivery, are expected to solve many problems associated with the delivery of different novel drugs through different delivery routes.
Characteristic of Cyclodextrins: Their Role and Use in the Pharmaceutical Technology
Current Drug Targets, 2020
About 40% of newly-discovered entities are poorly soluble in water, and this may be an obstacle in the creation of new drugs. To address this problem, the present review article examines the structure and properties of cyclodextrins and the formation and potential uses of drug-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes. Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides containing six or more D-(+)glucopyranose units linked by α-1,4-glycosidic bonds, which are characterized by a favourable toxicological profile, low local toxicity and low mucous and eye irritability; they are virtually non-toxic when administered orally. They can be incorporated in the formulation of new drugs in their natural form (α-, β-, γ-cyclodextrin) or as chemically-modified derivatives. They may also be used as an excipient in drugs delivered by oral, ocular, dermal, nasal and rectal routes, as described in the present paper. Cyclodextrins are promising compounds with many beneficial properties, and their use may be increasingly profitable for pharmaceutical scientists.
Recent Aspect of Cyclodextrin-Based Drug Delivery System
Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry, 2006
The pharmaceutically useful cyclodextrins (CyDs) are classified into hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and ionic derivatives. These CyDs can serve as multi-functional drug carriers, through the formation of inclusion complex or the form of CyD/drug conjugate. In addition, the combined use of different CyDs and/or pharmaceutical excipients is capable of alleviating the undesirable properties of drug molecules, improving efficacy and reducing side effects. This contribution outlines the potential use of CyDs in the design and evaluation of CyD-based drug formulation, focusing on their ability to enhance the drug absorption across biological barriers, the ability to control the rate and time profiles of drug release, and the ability to deliver a drug to targeted site.
CYCLODEXTRIN AS SOLUBILIZER AND TARGETING AGENT FOR DRUGS
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2024
Natural cyclic oligosaccharides called cyclodextrins (CDs) improve the bioavailability of drugs by the formation of inclusion complexes involving small and macromolecules of poorly soluble compounds in water. CDs act as a solubilizer and targeting agent for drugs with low water solubility, enabling them to effectively target specific cells. Where poorly water-soluble compounds interact with the hydrophobic cavity of CDs to enhance their solubility. CDs are effective drug delivery agents because of their essential function as processing complex carriers. Various ligands can be utilized to modify the surface of cyclodextrin to actively target drugs. It is possible to consider it to have amphiphilic characteristics by enduring a chemical transformation with long aliphatic chains, and a variety of amphiphilic CDs can produce nanoparticles without the usage of surfactants. CD-nanocarriersact as cargo with solubilizers for drugs and a targeting agent for specific receptors present in specific cells and release the drug. CDs have many applications, including the reduction of drug-induced gastrointestinal discomfort, avoiding interactions between drug-drug and drugexcipient, and transforming drug products that are liquid into microcrystalline solid powders. Because of their biocompatibility and biodegradability, CDs have outstanding properties that make them particularly useful in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
A review on pharmaceutical application of cyclodextrins
The macrocylic cyclodextrins(enzyme conversion product of starch)were discovered in1891,and the structure were elucidated in mid-1930s.there industrial significance become obvious in 1970s,and by now thousand of tons of cyclodextrins and there chemical derivatives and inclusion complexes are produced industrially. The purpose of this review is to discuss some of the interesting findings and applications of cyclodextrins (CDs) and their derivatives in different areas of drug delivery, particularly in protein and peptide drug delivery and gene delivery. The article highlights important CD applications in the design of various novel delivery systems like liposomes, microspheres, microcapsules, and nanoparticles. In addition to their well-known effects on drug solubility and dissolution, bioavailability, safety, and stability, their use as excipients in drug formulation are also discussed in this article. The CDs, because of their continuing ability to find several novel applications in drug delivery, are expected to solve many problems associated with the delivery of different novel drugs through different delivery routes. This review also covered the factor affecting the complex formation which is required to know at the time of selection in formulation of different drug delivery system.
Cyclodextrins as Oral Drug Carrier Molecular Devices: Origins, Reasons and Applications
Current Drug Delivery, 2012
Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligomers of glucose that can form water-soluble inclusion complexes with small molecules and portions of large compounds. These biocompatible, cyclic oligosaccharides do not elicit immune responses and have low toxicities in animals and humans. Cyclodextrins are used in pharmaceutical applications for numerous purposes, including improving the bioavailability of drugs. Current cyclodextrin-based therapeutics are described and possible future applications discussed with particular focus on oral drug administration. This article focuses on development of in vitro reliable and simple prototypes for oral drug delivery by combing chemical, structural and pharmacological knowledge available to date in order to create an optimal oral drug delivery system based on modified cyclodextrins. Practical in vitro model is also demonstrated.
Cyclodextrin in Drug Delivery Application: A Review
Journal of Drug Discovery And Therapeutics
The cyclodextrins have a wide range of applications in various areas of drug delivery and pharmaceutical industry due to their complexation ability and other versatile characteristics. The most popular pharmaceutical application of cyclodextrin is to increase the solubility, stability, safety and bioavailability of drug molecules. The idea of this review article is to solve and study any of the findings and application of cyclodextrin (CD) and their derivatives in different areas of drug delivery. This review article introduce the molecular structure, properties like complexation, solubility etc. of cyclodextrins and targeted on its use for parenteral, oral, ophthalmic and nasal drug delivery. Other routes including dermal, rectal, sublingual and pulmonary delivery are again briefly addressed. The aim of this contribution is to focus on the potential application of chemically altared cyclodextrins as high-performance drug carriers in drug delivery systems with emphasis on the other ...
2013
Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligomers of glucose that can form water-soluble inclusion complexes with small molecules and portions of large compounds. These biocompatible, cyclic oligosaccharides do not elicit immune responses and have low toxicities in animals and humans. Cyclodextrins are used in pharmaceutical applications for numerous purposes, including improving the bioavailability of drugs. Current cyclodextrin-based therapeutics are described and possible future applications discussed with particular focus on oral drug administration. This article focuses on development of in vitro reliable and simple prototypes for oral drug delivery by combing chemical, structural and pharmacological knowledge available to date in order to create an optimal oral drug delivery system based on modified cyclodextrins. Practical in vitro model is also demonstrated.