Assessment of Staheli Arch Index in Tribal Children of Jharkhand State (original) (raw)
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Effect of barefoot walking on foot arch structure in Tribal children
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2016
Background: The anatomy of human foot owes its adaptation to bipedal locomotion. Support and propulsion are the two main activities of foot which are possible due to segmental nature of foot. Bony architecture contributes to the arches of foot. Continuous stress put on the foot during childhood is expected to have changes in developing bone morphology. Pes planus and pes cavus are the two major foot deformities involving medial longitudinal arch. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of pes planus and pes cavus among tribal children of Andhra Pradesh state in India. Materials and Methods: A sample size of 360 healthy tribal children, between the age group of 3-15 years, was randomly selected from Andhra Pradesh State. Anthropometric variables such as standing height and weight, foot length and width were measured. Height was measured using measuring tape and weight using weighing scale. Foot length and foot width were measured using osteometric board. BMI was calculated using the formula BMI= (weight (kg)*10000)/(height(cm)) 2. Static foot prints of both feet were taken on graph sheets in both weight bearing and non weight bearing conditions. Arch index proposed by Cavanagh and Rodgers was followed to measure Medial longitudinal arch (MLA). MLA was classified AI≤0.21 as pes cavus, AI=0.21-0.26 as normal foot and AI≥0.26 pes cavus. Results: Incidence of pes cavus was found to be higher than pes planus. Overall prevalence of pes planus was 26.4% & 25.6% while pes cavus was 58.9% & 66.7% for right and left foot respectively. Pes planus at 3-4 year age group was 60% and 63.3% which decreased to 16.7% and 30% at 14-15 year age group for right and left foot respectively. Pes cavus at 3-4 year age group was 33.3% and 33.3% while at 14-15 year age group was 76.7% and 66.7% for right and left foot respectively. Conclusion: Pes cavus was found to be high among 3-15 year children. Age and gender were associated with foot arch structure. External factors like ethnic variations, hilly areas, bare foot walking; climbing trees might have a great role in influencing foot arch structure. Alteration from normal foot structure may influence the gait and lead to different injury patterns.
2023
The arches of the feet are important in protecting the internal structures of the body from impact forces while it mainly helps in transferring the internal forces to the ground and are also involved in lifting the body weight and mainly shock absorption With respect to the medial longitudinal arch some prominent deformities can be observed-high arch i.e., Cavus foot and low arch i.e., flat foot also known as Pes planus. The deformities are responsible for inefficient transmission of forces leading to foot diseases. The aim of this research project is to assess the planter arch index and flat foot among the adolescent residents in Dawakin kudu local government area, Kano. This is useful in creating awareness about the plantar arch deformities and the cause for the deformity. The parameters used in measuring the plantar arch height are Staheli's plantar arch index and arch angle. The study design was cross-sectional study and a Sample size of 457 participants from Dawakin kudu local government area, Kano. Was selected comprising of 204 males and 253 females, aged between 10-19 years. Informed consent from the participants and ethical clearance from our institute was obtained. Printing Nigerian ink was applied on the soles of both the feet of each pareticipants and dynamic footprints were obtained on A4 size papers. Analysis of the results was done. Flat foot was determined using Staheli plantar index (PI) and values ≥ 1.15 were considered flat footed. The result of the present study showed that 267 (58.4%) population were flat footed and 190 (41.6%) population were normal footed. The correlation between age, BMI, Right and Left Footprint Parameters, was observed that there was no significant relationship between all the variable except for Right with left Planter Arch Index were significant relationship was reported between them at (P <0,05). Students' two samples-t-test was carried out to determine sexual dimorphism it was showed the significant difference between Male and Female Footprint Parameters in RPAI only with Males having higher mean value in RPAI and females having higher mean value in LPAI. This research project it may serve as an early warning sign of structural and functional defects of the foot in a young population and can provide help for making appropriate footwear for persons with pesplanus.Also the present study suggests that simple ink print method is a cost effective and easier way of diagnosing flat feet deformity clinically using PAI.
Foot Print Analysis and Prevalence of Flat Foot among Children of Rural India – A Study Protocol
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International
Introduction: Foot shape and its proportions changes gradually during normal growth of human beings, but the mechanical stresses during bipedal locomotion are a key factor for development of foot. To sustain static position and to arrange for stable base while performing various functional activities, Foot plays major role in it. Deformities in lower extremities of children’s are being very common. As this conditions are physiological, that’s why most of the time this conditions do not require treatment. In an average 90% of patient who are visiting to clinic for foot problem are flat foot. Primary manifestation of flat foot is decreasing in longitudinal arch, which shows that while standing or walking, there is transmission of whole body weight towards the medial side of foot sole. This is the main reason for which flat foot is considered as problem of static alignment of foot and ankle structure. Objective: To analyze footprint of children and to determine prevalence of flat foot,...
The evaluation of feet forms (shapes) in primary school children at 7â12 age
The Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma Surgery and Related Research, 2011
Background. The very important condition of the normal (good) posture are correctly shaped feet. We can observe the most dynamic evolution of the feet in kindergarten and primary school children. Material and methods. In 2008 and 2009 podoscopic research was carried out among schoolchildren at age 7 – 12 from Cracow and villages near Cracow. The aim of the research was the evaluation of feet shapes. Podoscopic method was used for the research and Sztriter - Godunow index (Ky) was evaluated. Results. The right values of Ky index was observed in less than 30% of examined children, both city and rural areas habitants. The most common pathology of feet profile among the children was flat foot. Flat foot was observed in 10% of children from Cracow and 12,5% of children from villages near Cracow. Conclusions. There was no statistical important differences between a number of feet defects in children from Cracow and children from villages near Cracow. Hollow foot is the most common patholo...
Foot deformity is a term that includes a range of conditions that may affect the bones, tendons, and muscles of the foot. Among those most frequently found were knock knee and bow legs. Although these deformities can occur to all age group people but the children are most vulnerable to these deformities. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to compare the prevalence of foot deformities among the male school children of greater and inner himalayan regions. A total of 100 (50 from each region) school children in the age range of 10 -15 yrs were selected as the sample of the study. The knock knee and bow legs were measured by measuring the intermalleolar and intercondylor distance respectively. To analyze the data multivariate analysis of variance was employed. Results of the study showed that there was a significant difference in the prevalence of knock knee and bow legs in greater and inner himalayan regions of Himachal Pradesh.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FOOT ANTHROPOMETRY IN ADULT MALE POPULATION OF HARYANA, INDIA
The present study was aimed at measuring foot indices of 150 male subjects and thereby providing a baseline anthropometric data that is of significance in forensic science, orthopedics and other allied health sciences. The study was carried out on male subjects 18years and above. Footedness was analyzed by using the criterion, like kicking the ball or preference of the subject to use a particular foot while initiating walking. Of the subjects analyzed, majority of them were found to be right footed.
Study of knee angle in tribal children of Andhra Pradesh
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2016
Background: Knee angle shifts from genu varum (bow leg) in newborn to neutral (0°) in infants and thereby, it becomes genu valgum (knock knee) in childhood as child begins to stand and walk. This sequential growth causes variation in gait and posture particularly up to 7-8 years of childhood stage.Aims and Objectives:This study establishes baseline data of knee angle in Indian tribal children of Andhra Pradesh. Despite its clinical importance and social relevance, literature is scanty in Indian population especially in tribal children.Materials and Methods: Tibiofemoral angle (TFA) was measured clinically using universal goniometer in 360 normal Indian tribal children of 2-14 years age group. Each age group comprised of 15 male and 15 female children. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), thigh length (TL), leg length (LL) and lower limb length (LLL) were noted for all subjects to establish their relationship with TFA.Results: It was found that physiological varus rarely persists a...
Relationship of flatfoot and high arch with main anthropometric variables
Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc, 2004
Amaç: Tüm yaşlarda yürüme bozukluklarına ve postürel sapmalara neden olan düz (pes planus) ve yüksek tabanlık (pes cavus) önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Bu çalışmada, yetişkinlerde düz ve yüksek tabanlığın temel antropometrik göstergelerle nasıl bir ilişki gösterdiği araştırıldı. Çalışma planı: Araştırma, Ankara'da yaşayan ve yaşları 18-83 arasında değişen 516 katılımcı (253 erkek, 263 kadın) üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Ortalama yaş erkeklerde 40.5±13.4, kadınlarda 43.3±14.9 idi. Bireyler yaşlarına göre 18-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 ve ≥60 olmak üzere beş gruba ayrıldı. Bireylerin düz veya yüksek tabanlı olup olmadıkları ayak izlerinden yararlanılarak belirlendi. Araştırmaya katılan bireylerden toplam beş antropometrik ölçü alındı. Bunlar vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, ayak uzunluğu, ayak tarak genişliği ve ayak topuk genişliği idi. Ayrıca, bireylerin ayakkabı numaraları öğrenildi ve her bir birey için beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) hesaplandı. Sonuçlar: İncelenen bireylerin 21'inde (%4.1) düztabanlık, altısında (%1.2) ise yüksek tabanlık görüldü. Cinsiyet ve yaş grupları arasında iki deformitenin varlığı açısından anlamlı fark görülmedi (p>0.05). Ölçülen antropometrik verilerden boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, BKİ, ayak uzunluğu, ayak tarak genişliği ve giyilen ayakkabı numarası ile düz ve yüksek tabanlık arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmadı (p>0.05). Ayak topuk genişliği ise sadece düztabanlık ile anlamlı ilişki gösterdi (p=0.027). Çıkarımlar: Bu bulgular ışığında, yüksek tabanlığın vücut yapısıyla ve ayak boyutlarıyla ilişkili olmadığı, düztabanlığın ise yalnızca topuk genişliğiyle ilişkili olduğu söylenebilir.
Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, 2014
Context: The structural and functional components of the foot are composed of highly refined interrelated segments which provide a stable base for supporting the body in both load support and shock absorption during standing, running, walking and jumping. The study was aimed to measure the foot of adult Santhal males of Pirganj upazilla, Rangpur to find out to racial characteristics of their own and compare with Bangalee adult males of the same area. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on 60 (sixty) adult male Santhals and 120 (one hundred and twenty) adult male Bangalees. Foot length, foot breadth and foot height was measured. Foot index was calculated and foot shape was determined. Results: Height, length and breadth of foot were higher in Bangalees than Santhals and showed a significantly higher value for the foot length. Regarding the foot shape, slender foot was found more in Bangalees but most of these two groups have standard foot shape. Conclusion: In the present study significantly higher value of foot length and higher percentage of slender foot in Bangalees but higher percentage of broad foot among the Santhals were found. Slender foot in Bangalees may be due to less weight bearing habit than Santhals.