Information System Development Methodologies (original) (raw)
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Gender Issues in Information Technology
RESEARCH PAPER, 2013
The contribution of information technology (IT) cannot be underscored in the current century. Information technology is driving everything and has reduced the whole world into a global village. There is a low participation of females in information technology as compared to males due to their gender and roles. Gender is a social construct defining differentiated roles of males and females. Gender equity is promoting equal opportunity and fair treatment for males and females. Acquisition and application of information technology requires that one creates time and has resources. At work places rarely do organizations spare time to train their human resources on information technology. This means one has to learn information technology during free time. People with more roles to perform outside their daily work tend to be disadvantaged and thus lag behind in information technology. In Africa, gender roles are clearly defined. Females play most of the family chores that eat into their time heavily. This affects their technological advancement. The paper seeks to examine how roles ascribed to gender affect their acquisition and use of information technology. It will also assess whether gender equity as advocated by affirmative action has had an impact in bridging the gap between men and women in information technology.
This paper asks whether it is possible to identify a gender oriented information systems development (ISD) approach within the field of IS. The results of a paradigmatic analysis of three gender oriented ISD projects are presented. The analysis was carried out with a framework based on a distinction between the ontology, epistemology, methodology and ethics of research. The fundamental assumptions of the projects were found to be quite uniform. The ethical views of the gender oriented projects varied the most from the assumptions of conventional and more radical ISD approaches. As a result, a tentative gender oriented approach was identified.
IT-related Gender issues: A literature review and initial local investigation
Citeseer
An examination of the literature reveals only limited research into the connections between gender and the use of information technology (IT) in organisations. Despite a wide literature on both subjects taken separately, there is little that explores the combination of gender and information technology. The literature that does touch upon this combination is limited in scope, or it fails to develop adequate typologies of gender and technology, leading to generalisations that are not helpful in dealing with problems. However, there is evidence that attention is beginning to focus on the use of IT by women's organisations, the role of women in the IT industry, and the different attitudes of men and women in the routine use of information technology in the workplace and at home. Evidence of activity in women's organisations and NGOs to promote the use of information technology as an empowerment opportunity for women is not well supported by evidence that this empowerment is happening.
The study was conducted to determine female access to IT training in industries in Nigeria. Two hypotheses were tested. The instrument used for data collection from 38 supervisors and 127 staff from 4 major IT industries in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria was a questionnaire titled: Women and IT Training (WITT). Chi square was used to test the hypotheses. The findings indicate there was no significant difference in the number of times males and females attend IT training in these industries and in terms of the ages of males and females who attend IT training, according to the second hypothesis tested, there was a significant difference. Based on the findings, recommendations were made among which was: The Federal Government should collaborate with the private sector and other NGOs to create more initiatives that would encourage women and girls to get involved in professional ICT courses and parents and teachers should encourage the girl child to get into more ICT related courses such as science, mathematics, engineering and technology.
Women in Information Technology: Its Challenges and Issues
2012
In recent years many countries in the world have adopted policies for greater equality in Information Technology. However worldwide, female enrolment in tertiary level science and technology(S &T)is less than male enrolment and also less than in other subjects (World Education Report,1995).In today's world of e-commerce and distance communication companies depend in technological and computer expertise at all employment levels. Therefore, job in Information Technology and related fields increased dramatically in recent years and this trend is expected to continue well into the futures. Information Technology has been playing in increasingly important role in the development of Nations. Experts believe that this century belongs to the power of knowledge and Information. On one side, the recent developments in Information Technology have drastically reduced the geographical barriers, while on the other side computers have enormously enhanced the capacity to accumulate and access information. The possibilities for information access are infinite. This "information society" has grown in the last one decade in leaps and bound breaking many existing paradigms and creating an image of indispensability in our lives.
Information technology and the gender factor
Proceedings of the 1995 ACM SIGCPR conference on Supporting teams, groups, and learning inside and outside the IS function reinventing IS, 1995
It is posited that computer systems will be more effective if women are represented equally in the design teams, project steering committees, and at the upper echelons of IS management. A model of barriers faced by women in the field of 'Information Technology is presented. Three distinct life-stages of early education, career-choices and career advancement are analyzed. At each stage, effects of social and structural factors, which may act as barriers are identified and discussed. Interaction of social and structural factors at each stage is discussed. Implications for management are outlined.
Social Development and Gender Gap in Information Technology Perspective
International Journal of Science and Society
ICT's rapid growth should benefit society. ICT can empower the poor, grow the economy, and develop society. However, ICT infrastructure growth is still not able to reach all levels of society, and its use might produce gender disparities in accessing social networks and social capital, especially for women. Women are still underrepresented in IT development. Skills, education, language barriers, time restrictions, sexy stereotypes that make women easy targets for harassment, and changing cultural and social standards all contribute to the digital divide of women. Information and communication technology is used to study social progress and gender gap (ICT). This study uses qualitative descriptive methodologies. This study revealed that social development based on ICT could be the key to economic growth and empowering the marginalized. Still, social development with ICT can create a gap that we know as the digital divide. The development of this digital divide is not only caused ...
Barriers To Overcome: Women In Information Technology
2001 Annual Conference Proceedings
Women are under-represented in information technology (IT) disciplines, similar to physical sciences and engineering. With the rapid growth of IT and its profound impact on productivity and national economy, tremendous career opportunities in IT have emerged over the last few years. Furthermore, there is a shortage of IT workers, with the U.S. depending upon foreign workers to address the growing workforce needs. The gender equity in IT is critical not only for women, but also for the American society increasingly dependent on IT. In this paper, I examine the reasons for under-representation of women in IT-related disciplines in institutions of higher education.
Addressing the IT skills crisis (panel session): gender and the IT profession
2000
At the same time that unprecedented opportunity exists for IT professionals around the world, the field is experiencing an IT skills crisis that stems from the shortage of qualified IT professionals. It is, therefore, ironic that despite significant growth in the IT professions, there remain segments of the population under-represented in IT. Among those under-represented in IT are women. In some countries there is evidence of declining participation by women in the IT profession. 1 The question on the minds of those concerned with IT human resources and the development of qualified IT professionals is: Why? A deeper understanding of this question is necessary for the development of appropriate IT human resource strategies. According to the National Science Foundation, the under-representation of women and minorities in the American IT workforce is sufficiently serious to warrant systematic research efforts to address this national problem (NSF 2000). The panel addresses this issue by presenting the results of current research that represents three different theoretical perspectives on gender and IT. These different viewpoints on gender are reflected in recent literature about women's engagement with IT and participation in the IT field.