Glioma FMISO PET/MR Imaging Concurrent with Antiangiogenic Therapy: Molecular Imaging as a Clinical Tool in the Burgeoning Era of Personalized Medicine (original) (raw)

Change in 18F-Fluoromisonidazole PET Is an Early Predictor of the Prognosis in the Patients with Recurrent High-Grade Glioma Receiving Bevacizumab Treatment

PloS one, 2016

Bevacizumab (BEV), a humanized monoclonal antibody, become a currently important chemotherapeutic option for the patients with recurrent glioma. The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate whether 18F-Fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) PET have the potential to detect BEV-resistant gliomas in the early-stage. We reviewed the FMISO PET and MRI appearances before and 3 to 4 courses after BEV treatment on 18 recurrent glioma patients. FMISO accumulation was assessed by visual inspection and semi-quantitative values which were tumor-to-normal (T/N) ratio and hypoxic volume. MRI responses were evaluated based on RANO (Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology) criteria. The prognostic analysis was performed in relation to the response assessment by FMISO PET and MRI using overall survival (OS) after BEV application. After BEV application, MRI revealed partial response in 14 of 18 patients (78%), of which 9 patients also demonstrated decreased FMISO accumulation. These 9 patients (50%) were...

Assessing Biological Response to Bevacizumab Using 18F-Fluoromisonidazole PET/MR Imaging in a Patient with Recurrent Anaplastic Astrocytoma

Case Reports in Radiology, 2015

We present our initial experience in using single modality fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) PET/MR imaging to noninvasively evaluate the biological effects induced by bevacizumab therapy in a patient treated for recurrent high grade glioma. In this index patient, bevacizumab therapy resulted in the development of nonenhancing tumor characterized by reduced diffusion and markedly decreased FMISO uptake in the setting of maintained CBF and CBV. These observations suggest that the dynamic biological interplay between tissue hypoxia and vascular normalization occurring within treated recurrent high grade glioma can be captured utilizing FMISO PET/MR imaging.

Voxel-Wise Analysis of Fluoroethyltyrosine PET and MRI in the Assessment of Recurrent Glioblastoma During Antiangiogenic Therapy

AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 2018

In MRI of patients with recurrent glioblastoma, bevacizumab-induced normalization of tumor vascularity can be difficult to differentiate from antitumor effects. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of F-fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine (FET) PET in the evaluation of recurrent glioblastoma treated with bevacizumab. MRI and FET PET were performed before and after administration of two doses of bevacizumab to 11 patients with recurrent glioblastoma. The ratio between normalized FET uptake at follow-up and baseline of the entire (volume of T2 FLAIR abnormality) and enhancing tumor were assessed for prediction of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Voxel-wise Spearman correlation between normalized FET uptake and contrast-enhanced T1 signal intensity was assessed and tested as a predictor of PFS and OS. Mean Spearman correlation between FET uptake and contrast-enhanced T1 signal intensity before therapy was 0.65 and after therapy was 0.61 (p = 0.256). The median P...

3'-Deoxy-3'-18F-Fluorothymidine PET and MRI for Early Survival Predictions in Patients with Recurrent Malignant Glioma Treated with Bevacizumab

Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 2012

With the dismal prognosis for malignant glioma patients, survival predictions become key elements in patient management. This study compares the value of 3′-deoxy-3′-18 Ffluorothymidine (18 F-FLT) PET and MRI for early outcome predictions in patients with recurrent malignant glioma on bevacizumab therapy. Methods-Thirty patients treated with bevacizumab combination therapy underwent 18 F-FLT PET immediately before and at 2 and 6 wk after the start of treatment. A metabolic treatment response was defined as a decrease of equal to or greater than 25% in tumor 18 F-FLT uptake (standardized uptake values) from baseline using receiver-operating-characteristic analysis. MRI treatment response was assessed at 6 wk according to the Response Assessment in Neurooncology criteria. 18 F-FLT responses at different times were compared with MRI response and correlated with progression-free survival and overall survival using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Metabolic response based on 18 F-FLT was further compared with other outcome predictors using Cox regression analysis. Results-Early and late changes in tumor 18 F-FLT uptake were more predictive of overall survival than MRI criteria (P < 0.001 and P = 0.01, respectively). 18 F-FLT uptake changes were also predictive of progression-free survival (P < 0.001). The median overall survival for responders was 3.3 times longer than for nonresponders based on 18 F-FLT PET criteria (12.5 vs. 3.8 mo, P < 0.001) but only 1.4 times longer using MRI assessment (12.9 vs. 9.0 mo, P = 0.05). On the basis of the 6-wk 18 F-FLT PET response, there were 16 responders (53%) and 14 nonresponders (47%), whereas MRI identified 9 responders (7 partial response, 2 complete response, 31%) and 20 nonresponders (13 stable disease, 7 progressive disease, 69%). In 7 of the 8 discrepant cases between MRI and PET, 18 F-FLT PET was able to demonstrate response earlier

A systematic review of the utility of amino acid PET in assessing treatment response to bevacizumab in recurrent high-grade glioma

Neuro-Oncology Advances

Background. Currently, bevacizumab (BEV), an antiangiogenic agent, is used as an adjunctive therapy to re-irradiation and surgery in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas (rHGG). BEV has shown to decrease enhancement on MRI, but it is often unclear if these changes are due to tumor response to BEV or treatment-induced changes in the blood brain barrier. Preliminary studies show that amino acid PET can aid in distinguishing these changes on MRI. Methods. The authors performed a systematic review of PubMed and Embase through July 2020 with the search terms ‘bevacizumab’ or ‘Avastin’ and ‘recurrent glioma’ and ‘PET,’ yielding 38 papers, with 14 meeting inclusion criteria. Results. Thirteen out of fourteen studies included in this review used static PET and three studies used dynamic PET to evaluate the use of BEV in rHGG. Six studies used the amino acid tracer [18F]FET, four studies used [11C]MET, and four studies used [18F]FDOPA. Conclusion. [18F]FET, [11C]MET, and [18F]FDOPA PET...

O-(2-18F-Fluoroethyl)-L-Tyrosine PET Predicts Failure of Antiangiogenic Treatment in Patients with Recurrent High-Grade Glioma

Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 2011

The objective of this study was to compare MRI response assessment with metabolic O-(2-(18)F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine ((18)F-FET) PET response evaluation during antiangiogenic treatment in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma (rHGG). Eleven patients with rHGG were treated biweekly with bevacizumab-irinotecan. MR images and (18)F-FET PET scans were obtained at baseline and at follow-up 8-12 wk after treatment onset. MRI treatment response was evaluated by T1/T2 volumetry according to response assessment in neurooncology (RANO) criteria. For (18)F-FET PET evaluation, an uptake reduction of more than 45% calculated with a standardized uptake value of more than 1.6 was defined as a metabolic response (receiver-operating-characteristic curve analysis). MRI and (18)F-FET PET volumetry results and response assessment were compared with each other and in relation to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). At follow-up, MR images showed partial response in 7 of 11 patients (64%), stable disease in 2 of 11 patients (18%), and tumor progression in 2 of 11 patients (18%). In contrast, (18)F-FET PET revealed 5 of 11 metabolic responders (46%) and 6 of 11 nonresponders (54%). MRI and (18)F-FET PET showed that responders survived significantly longer than did nonresponders (10.24 vs. 4.1 mo, P = 0.025, and 7.9 vs. 2.3 mo, P = 0.015, respectively). In 4 patients (36.4%), diagnosis according to RANO criteria and (18)F-FET PET was discordant. In these cases, PET was able to detect tumor progression earlier than was MRI. In rHGG patients undergoing antiangiogenic treatment, (18)F-FET PET seems to be predictive for treatment failure in that it contributes important information to response assessment based solely on MRI and RANO criteria.

Role of PET in the management of gliomas: The radiopharmacist's and clinician's point of view

Médecine Nucléaire, 2015

Positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), a metabolic imaging modality widely used in systemic cancer, was proposed as a valuable tool for obtaining additional data for diagnosis and better treatment of patients with glioma. Unfortunately physiological uptake of FDG is high in the brain and other radioligands have been developed for neuro-oncology explorations. Based on the point of view of a radiopharmacist and a neuro-oncologist, this review describes the compounds used to explore pathophysiological processes such as proliferation rate, amino acid transport, protein synthesis, hypoxia, and membrane biosynthesis in gliomas and discusses the clinical impact of PET neuroimaging in initial diagnosis, tumour grading, and response to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Molecular imaging modalities will be compared with magnetic resonance (MR) tools as will be the usefulness of MR/PET multimodality imaging.

Current standards and new concepts in MRI and PET response assessment of antiangiogenic therapies in high-grade glioma patients

Neuro-oncology, 2015

Despite multimodal treatment, the prognosis of high-grade gliomas is grim. As tumor growth is critically dependent on new blood vessel formation, antiangiogenic treatment approaches offer an innovative treatment strategy. Bevacizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody, has been in the spotlight of antiangiogenic approaches for several years. Currently, MRI including contrast-enhanced T1-weighted and T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images is routinely used to evaluate antiangiogenic treatment response (Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology criteria). However, by restoring the blood-brain barrier, bevacizumab may reduce T1 contrast enhancement and T2/FLAIR hyperintensity, thereby obscuring the imaging-based detection of progression. The aim of this review is to highlight the recent role of imaging biomarkers from MR and PET imaging on measurement of disease progression and treatment effectiveness in antiangiogenic therapies. Based on the reviewed studies, multimodal imagi...