Testing emissions of passenger cars in laboratory and on-road (PEMS, RDE) (original) (raw)
Related papers
Nanoparticle emissions from gasoline vehicles DI MPI
Combustion Engines
The nanoparticles (NP) count concentrations are limited in EU for all Diesel passenger cars since 2013 and for gasoline cars with direct injection (GDI) since 2014. For the particle number (PN) of MPI gasoline cars there are still no legal limitations. In the present paper some results of investigations of nanoparticles from five DI and four MPI gasoline cars are represented. The measurements were performed at vehicle tailpipe and in CVS-tunnel. Moreover, five variants of “vehicle – GPF” were investigated. The PN-emission level of the investigated GDI cars in WLTC without GPF is in the same range of magnitude very near to the actual limit value of 6.0 × 10^12 1/km. With the GPF’s with better filtration quality, it is possible to lower the emissions below the future limit value of 6.0 × 10^11 1/km. The modern MPI vehicles also emit a considerable amount of PN, which in some cases can attain the level of Diesel exhaust gas without DPF and can pass over the actual limit value for GDI (...
2021
Thermal efficiency and fuel economy of diesel engines are better. Despite the fact, due to the depletion of world petroleum reserve and hazardous pollutant emission to the environment, there is a need to research on the improvement of performance and reduction of environmental pollution. Utilization of biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel is a solution to substitute petro-diesel and reduce pollution. The low calorific value of biofuels makes them to have lesser performance values compared to neat diesel. To improve the performance and reduce emission, strategies of fuel modification consisting of modifying fuel characteristics to improve combustion, which leads to better engine performance, less exhaust emissions, and higher fuel economy, are required. Addition of biofuels such as ethanol to petro-diesel lowers the calorific value and the cetane number of the emulsified fuel which reduces the performance of the engine and increase fuel consumption. Adding nanoparicles in base fuel...
Effect of Nanoparticles on the Emissions of a C I Engine
International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 2017
Diesel engines are a major source of contributors of emissions such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter. An effort has been made to reduce the emission of such noxious gases by the addition and use of oxidizers in the conventional fuel. Neat Diesel is blended with Aluminium Oxide nanoparticles, Zinc Oxide nanoparticles and Iron Oxide nanoparticles. The blending operations were carried out using a probe type ultrasonicator. Flash point and fire point of the blended diesel showed a marked increase, whereas kinematic viscosity showed marginal decrease. Performance tests were carried out on Kirloskar AV1 single cylinder engine. Results show a decrease in the concentration of the pollutants with the use of nanoparticles, which may be attributed to the oxidizing nature of the nanoparticles.
Journal of Power of Technologies, 2020
Users of fossil fuels are facing a range of challenges such as long-term rising demand, climate concerns due to emission of greenhouse gases, ecological pollution, finite reserves and price fluctuations. Diesel fuel is similarly affected, though with its own subset of issues. Studies suggest that diesel fuel characteristics are affected by addition of nanoparticles. In this research, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were blended with pure diesel as an additive at concentrations of 30, 60, and 90 ppm to assess the emission and performance characteristics of a single-cylinder compression combustion engine. The considered emission contents included CO, CO2, HC, and NO produced by an engine at 50% and 100% loads, at 1800, 2300, and 2800 rpm. Addition of CNTs to the diesel fuel considerably reduced the emission of CO, CO 2 , HC, and NO compared to additive-free diesel fuel. Furthermore, with the addition of carbon nanotubes, the Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) and the Brake Specific Fuel Consumptio...