Bee Health in Apiaries in the Paraíba Valley, São Paulo State, Southeast Brazil (original) (raw)
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Losses of Brazilian bees: an overview of factors that may affect these pollinators
The Neotropical region to which Brazil belongs, has a great and rich diversity of natives bees, up to a total of 3.000 species including the allochtone genus Apis that by natural crossing among European and African races produced a hybrid called Africanized honeybee. In this way, beekeeping enjoys a spectacular moment with good production mainly of honey and propolis from Apis mellifera, causing Brazil to be recognized around the world as a country with great potential. Brazilian bee losses nevertheless remain a question, compared with countries of the northern hemisphere where several reports show that the vanishing of honeybees is associated with diseases caused by Varroa, Nosema, virus or pesticides. We can suggest different issues in the Brazilian situation that are directly influencing the honeybee population. Given the extension of the territory and rich flora, all possible food resources and nest sites for the good development of bees may be considered present. However, we ve...
Honey bee colony losses in Brazil in 2018-2019
Brazilian Journal of Animal and Environmental Research
A research was conducted to assess honey bee colony losses in Brazil, including their likely causes. Beekeepers responded to two complete annual questionnaires (n=268 in 2018 and n=254 in 2019). There was a total of 175,003 hives of Africanized honey bees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus), (µ=335 hives per beekeeper, min=9 and Max=3,600), of which 27.2% were lost. A Generalized Linear Model (GLM) for total loss (TL) and a Wald method for average loss (AL) were used to estimate 95% confidence intervals (CI) for loss rates based on year: 2018, TL=30.5%, CI (28.5-32.4), AL=39.5, CI (37.0-41.9); and 2019, TL=23.8%, CI (22.5-25.2), AL=31.3%, CI (29.5-33.1). Pesticides were speculated to be the leading cause of colony losses (47.3%), followed by climate (drought, flood, rain: 11.6%), malnutrition (lack of flowering, lack of energy and/or protein source, wrong nutrition: 9.7%), absconding (10.2%), mismanagement (wrong migratory activity, migration to mangrove, beekeeper’s personal problems: 7.9%),...
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
Introduction: We evaluated the epidemiological and clinical profile of reported cases of bee sting incidents in Santa Catarina, Brazil. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all reported cases of bee sting incidents among the population of Santa Catarina from 2007 to 2017. Results: In total, 8,912 cases were reported, corresponding to an overall rate of 12.3/100,000 population. The mean age was 29,8 years with 60.2% men. The lethality rate was 0.2%. Conclusions: Santa Catarina has a high incidence rate of bee stings, which is higher than the national average. The data presented in this study may be underestimated.
Apidologie, 2010
The Latin American subcontinent contains some of the world's major honey producing and exporting countries, but the status of bee health in this part of the world has not been clearly documented. There have been no reports of massive colony losses in Latin America, at least from the symptoms of CCD (colony collapse disorder) or in the proportion and extent of the situations in the US and Europe. We examine possible reasons for the difference, and develop hypotheses that this prevailing good bee health could be due to: (1) the management of generally unselected bees with a certain natural resistance to diseases (tropical regions) or the selection of disease resistant bees (temperate regions); (2) a lower proportion of cropland over the total land area, resulting in more abundant or higher-quality pollen resources for bees; (3) the generally small-scale, low-income and little subsidized agriculture, and concomitant lower use of insecticides compared to industrialized countries. These general parameters may act synergistically, resulting in a large number of configurations across the tremendous ecological, social and economic diversity of Latin America. We suggest that the health of honey bees in Latin America may be ultimately due to the practices of low-income agriculture and beekeeping in the region, leading to more sustainable conditions for the bees. However the increasing trend of land use intensification in some parts of Latin America could lead to declines in honey bee health and population size.
Honey bee colony losses: whats happening in South America?
American Bee Journal November, 2016
The concerns for the effects of honey bee declines have spurred several large-scale surveys of honey bee health around the world to evaluate potential drivers of colony losses. United States and Europe already have well developed honey bee surveys, however, no large-scale survey has yet been developed in South America. In this paper, we present such an initiative of a national survey of honey bee health in Argentina, which hosts the largest population of managed honey bee colonies in South America. It is also one of the top honey-producing countries in the world. We developed a volunteer-based survey using a standardized questionnaire and distributed it to a national network of beekeepers. The rapid mobilization and support from beekeepers shows an interest in and a need for this type of national survey. We call for help from the readers of American Bee Journal to improve the dissemination of the questionnaire among potential interested parties in Argentina. We provide methods and recommendations to help the development of national surveys of honey bee health and also encourage such initiatives in other South American countries.
2016 Requier - American Bee Journal. Honey bee colony losses South America.pdf
The concerns for the effects of honey bee declines have spurred several large-scale surveys of honey bee health around the world to evaluate potential drivers of colony losses. United States and Europe already have well developed honey bee surveys, however, no large-scale survey has yet been developed in South America. In this paper, we present such an initiative of a national survey of honey bee health in Argentina, which hosts the largest population of managed honey bee colonies in South America. It is also one of the top honey-producing countries in the world. We developed a volunteer-based survey using a standardized questionnaire and distributed it to a national network of beekeepers. The rapid mobilization and support from beekeepers shows an interest in and a need for this type of national survey. We call for help from the readers of American Bee Journal to improve the dissemination of the questionnaire among potential interested parties in Argentina. We provide methods and recommendations to help the development of national surveys of honey bee health and also encourage such initiatives in other South American countries.