Environmental Investigations and Tissue Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Grey Mullet from the Black Sea (Bulgaria) and the Ionian Sea (Italy) (original) (raw)
Related papers
2017
Metal accumulations in muscles, livers, gonads and gills of fish species from Tuzla and Çamlık Lagoons both located along the Mediterranean Coastal Area in Adana, Turkey were compared. Mean metal concentrations found in muscle tissues of species caught from both lagoons varied for Fe: 26.0–90.2, Zn: 4.21–21.2, Cu: 0.39–2.15, Mn: 0.15–3.10, Cr: 0.27–1.16, Ni: 0.52– 1.09, Pb: 0.26–0.98, Cd: 0.06–0.64 and Co: 0.03–0.62 mg/kg wet weight. Iron showed the highest levels in all tissues, and generally followed by zinc. On the other hand, cadmium, cobalt, chromium and lead showed lower levels than other metals. Statistically significant differences were observed in the mean metal values of tissues both within the same species obtained from different lagoons and different fish species in the same or different lagoons. Levels of metals in the examined fish from both lagoons were well below the regulatory values of various governmental agencies.
Assessment of metal concentrations in commercially important fish species in Black Sea
Toxicology and Industrial Health, 2013
In the present study, concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) were measured in the muscle, gill, and gonads of the pelagic fish species Trachurus mediterraneus, Engraulis encrasicolus ponticus, and Sprattus sprattus that are important both commercially and for the ecosystems in the Black Sea. The samples were collected during 2011. The metals were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) following an acid digestion. The highest concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn were found in E. encrasicolus ponticus, whereas the greatest concentrations of Ni were found in T. mediterraneus and Mn in S. sprattus. Results showed that average metal concentrations in the tissues of T. mediterraneus, E. encrasicolus ponticus, and S. sprattus decreased in the order gill > gonad > muscle, gonad > gill > muscle, and gill > gonad > muscle, respectively, for the three species. When metal concentrations of fish tissues were compared between fish gender, there were only statistical differences in the gonads of the studied fish species (p < 0.05). The present study demonstrated that the metals have different correlations with condition factor (CF) and gonadosomatic index (GSI) of the fish species. Cr showed statistically important positive correlation to the GSI in male T. mediterraneus. Co showed statistically important positive correlation to CF in female E. encrasicolus ponticus, and also Co and Cd showed correlation to CF in male T. mediterraneus. Cd concentrations in the muscle tissues of the fish species were above the maximum acceptable concentration for human consumption.
Bulgarian Chemical Communications
In this study some heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Hg Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) concentration in edible parts of five most consumed Bulgarian fish species-bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix), gray mullet (Mugil cephalus), Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus), shad (Alosa pontica) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus sulinus) collected from two stations across Bulgarian Black Sea coast were determined. The samples were digested with nitric acid followed by appropriate spectroscopic determination (Atomic Emission Spectroscopy with Inductively Coupled Plasma (AES-ICP), Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) or Electrotermal Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (ETAAS). The level of As in the edible part of gray mullet (Mugil cephalus) has shown a value higher than limits set from various health organizations (1.1 ± 0.1 mg/kg). On the contrary this fish species accumulates the other investigated heavy metals such as Hg, Zn, Fe and Pb to lower extend. The concentration of Zn and ...
Health risk assessment: heavy metals in fish from the southern Black Sea
Foods and Raw Materials, 2020
Introduction. The coastal contamination of the Black Sea has been an important issue for several decades. Heavy metals are the most harmful contaminants which affect people health. The research objective of the present study was to determine the amounts of Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, and Zn found in the whiting (M. merlangus L.) and the red mullet (M. barbatus L.). These Black Sea bottom fish species have the highest commercial value. The obtained data were used to assess the risk which the fish represents for human consumers. Study objects and methods. The elements were detected using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The amounts of the metals arranged in the following order: Zn > Cu > Pb > Hg > Cd. Results and discussion. The mean values of Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the edible tissues were 0.013, 0.024, 0.07, 0.195, and 9.05 mg/kg wet wt. for whiting and 0.017, 0.036, 0.05, 0.29, and 6.4 mg/kg wet wt. for red mullet, respectively. These levels proved lower ...
Helgoland Marine Research, 1999
The bioaccumulation of Hg, Cd, Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe was evaluated in the muscle and liver tissue of four fish species (Siganus rivulatus, Diplodus sargus, Lithognatus mormyrus and Plathychtis flesus) from clean and polluted marine coastal sites in the Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea and North Sea within the framework of the MARS 1 program. Representative liver samples were screened for organic contaminants (DDE, PCBs and PAHs) which exhibited very low concentrations. The levels of Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn found in the muscle tissue in this study were similar among the four species and within the naturally occurring metal ranges. However, differences were found among the sites. In the Red Sea, Cu was higher in the muscle of S. rivulatus at Ardag and Zn at the Observatory (OBS). Cu, Zn and Mn were higher in the Red Sea than in the specimens from the Mediterranean. The differences were attributed to different diets derived from distinctively different natural environments. D. sargus from Haifa Bay (HB) had higher Cd, Cu and Mn values than specimens from Jaffa (JFA), and L. mormyrus higher Cd, Fe and Mn in HB, corresponding to the polluted environmental status of the Bay. No differences in metal levels were found among the North Sea sites, except for Fe that was lower at the Eider station. Hg was low in all the specimens, but the values varied with species and sites. The lowest Hg values were found in S. rivulatus, the herbivorous species, as expected from its trophic level. Hg in P. flesus was higher than in S. rivulatus but still low. Higher Hg values were found in the muscle tissue of L. mormyrus,with the highest values in D. sargus, both carnivorous species from the same family. Hg in D. sargus was higher in HB than in JFA, as expected, but in the larger specimens of L. mormyrus from JFA values were higher, while in the small specimens there were no differences in Hg values. The levels of all metals were higher in the liver than in the muscle, with enrichment factors ranging from 3 to 104, depending on species and sites. The lowest enrichment values were found for Hg. Based on liver values, the specimens of S. rivulatus from the OBS had the highest levels, as well as D. sargus and L. mormyrus from JFA, contrary to the known relative environmental status of the sites.
Science of the Total Environment, 2018
Heavy metals are a serious hazard for aquatic ecosystems and human health. They negatively affect aquatic life functioning through accumulation resulting physiological/growth disturbances in aquatic lifeforms. This survey focused on the assessment of heavy metal pollution in the Gulf of Annaba (northeastern Algeria), the largest and most diversified industrial hub in Africa, using a multi-compartment approach (water–sediment–biota). The study aims to characterize the spatiotemporal variation of trace metal (TM) contamination and its effects on the growth of the Flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus). It reviewed TM concentrations in upper sediments and organs of M. cephalus from various hydrosystems worldwide. Five sites distributed along the Gulf were sampled to determine water physicochemical parameters as well as the contamination of surficial sediments and muscles of M. cephalus by zinc, copper, lead, cadmium and mercury. The spatiotemporal variations of the measured parameters were tested and discussed following the synergetic effects of water, sediment and muscle variables on fish biometrics. The sediments at the Port, Joinoville and Sidi-Salem sites were classified as heavily polluted by lead, copper, zinc and cadmium, whereas only at the Port by mercury. Muscular lead concentrations exceeded international standard values in Joinoville and Port, and zinc in Port. The increase of water dissolved oxygen induced a significant decrease in sediment TM. The increase of sediment TM caused a significant increase in muscle TM levels. The S-shaped logistic models indicated that muscle contaminations reached a saturation plateaus following the current sediment pollution. TM concentrations in fish muscles negatively affected fish weight, but only copper and cadmium significantly influenced fish length. The consumption of fish from the Port, Joinoville and Sidi-Salem can be dangerous because concentrations of lead, zinc and cadmium exceeded the international standards. This study validates the effectiveness of biomonitoring using M. cephalus as bioindicator in polluted coasts.
Heavy metals health risk appraisal in benthic fish species of the Black Sea
2019
Present study is to provide information on the Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn levels in the muscle of red mullet Mullus barbatus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758 and whiting Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Sinop Peninsula of the Black Sea in 2015 fishing season from September to December. This study also compare the measured values with national and international standards for food and human health.
Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Blood and Tissue of Striped Mullet in Two Italian Lakes
Fazio F., Piccione G., Tribulato K., Ferrantelli V., Giangrosso G., Arfuso F., Faggio C.
Water and sediment from Faro and Ganzirri lakes were tested for cadmium, mercury, and lead. These heavy metals have been assessed in serum and muscles of Striped Mullet Mugil cephalus . A haemogram was performed to find effects of heavy metals on haematological variables. Student’s t -test showed higher Pb levels in sediments of Ganzirri Lake than Faro Lake. Two-way analysis of variance showed higher Cd and Pb concentration in muscles samples of Striped Mullet from Ganzirri Lake than from Faro Lake. Significant differences were found among haematological parameters as well. Mullet from Ganzirri Lake had lower white and red blood cell and trombocyte counts and higher mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration than those from Faro Lake. Our results indicate a significant presence of lead in the environmental produces an accumulation of this metal in fish muscles.
Metal exposure assessment in native fish, Mullus barbatus, from the Eastern Adriatic Sea
Toxicology Letters, 2006
Metallothionein (MT) and metal (Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Cd) association in the cytosol of liver, kidney and intestine was studied on native Mullus barbatus specimens. Investigated parameters of all specimens (1 to 8-year-old) were related to the fish length, which reflects fish growth and aging. Cytosolic metal concentrations in liver, kidney and intestine are tissue specific but in general decrease as follows: Fe ≈ Zn > Cu > Mn > Cd. Metallothionein levels are also tissue specific with the highest level in intestine, followed by kidney and liver. Percentage partition of MT and Zn in liver, kidney and intestine cytosol of red mullet is comparable. Associations of MT and metals that induce MT synthesis exist in liver for MT/Zn (r = 0.28) and MT/Cu (r = 0.26) and in intestine for MT/Cu (r = 0.38). Unlike essential metals, there is no significant correlation between MT and the toxic metal Cd, what is ascribed to its very low cytosolic concentration. The most pronounced size-related accumulation is found for the toxic metal Cd in liver cytosol (r = 0.69), indicating chronic Cd accumulation. Negative correlation between metals (Cd, Zn, Fe, Mn) and the condition factor also indicates chronic metal effects and their metabolic impact.
Assessment of heavy metals in two commercial fish species of four Turkish seas
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2008
There is an increasingly need to assess the contaminant levels in fish as indicators of the health and well-being of both the fish and their consumers, including humans. Fish samples were collected through the coastal waters of Turkey and the contents of cadmium, copper, chrome, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, zinc and lead in the liver and muscle tissues were determined by ICP-AES. The highest levels of each metal were found in the liver and this was followed by the muscle in both species. Among the metals analyzed, Cu, Zn and Fe were the most abundant in the different tissues while Cd and Pb were the least abundant both in Mullus barbatus (red mullet) and Merlangius merlangus (whiting). Regional changes in metal (Cd, Cu, Pb, Fe and Zn) concentration were observed in the tissues of both species, but these variations may not influence consumption advisories.