Effects of Industrial Revolution on Ecclesiastical Architecture in Nigeria : A Case Study (original) (raw)
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The historical process that led to the development of ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria relied on a number of factors and industrial revolution one of these factors. This study examined the effect of industrial revolution on ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria with a view to identifying the new technologies and materials that were employed. Faith Tabernacle at Ota became one of the best cases to study because it was acclaimed the largest church auditorium by the Guinness Book of World Records in January 2008 and arguably one of the ecclesiastical engineering wonders of the age in twentieth century. Since the study was historical in nature, qualitative methods in form of literature, non-participant method in case study and unstructured interview were employed in gathering the data and content analysis with descriptions were used in analysis. The findings showed that the need for unobstructed viewing spaces, quest for its own time, globalization and new theology with liturgy warranted the desire to embrace industrial revolution. New technologies like framed structures, use of machinery and new construction methods emerged. New materials like concrete, timber, steel sections for columns and beams, different forms of glass, vitrified tiles and aluminium were introduced. The study concluded that ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria has had its own fair share of the effect of industrial revolution.
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As each epochal period of ecclesiastical architecture manifested its own characteristics to exhibit its own time, this study investigated the characteristics of modern ecclesiastical architecture in Nigerian between 1980 and 2010 with a view to identifying how the previous epochal period transformed to the period under study. The study area was Lagos State in Nigeria because of a number of reasons. The area pioneered the emergence and development of ecclesiastical architecture in Nigerian and arguably the cradle of Christian evolution and growth in Nigeria. It is one of the Christian religious cities in the world having a long history of Independent African Churches. Since this study is historical in nature qualitative research methods were adopted to gather data and also for the analysis. Three Church facilities were selected for this study through random sampling spread across the study area. The study discovered that the period was characterized by high increase in church buildin...
Exploration of the Predominant Determinants of Ecclesiastical Architecture in Nigeria
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As ecclesiastical architecture transformed from one style to another, a number of factors were identified to have influenced their development and many studies argued that one determinant or the other should predominate. Among these determinants five of them that influenced the development of ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria were explored. These determining factors were classified as Existing Building Materials and Current Architectural Style, Basic Theology and liturgy, Free Expression of Styles and the Knowledge of the "Masters", Moving with Time Like Evangelical Way, and finally Church Building is Heresy and Apostasy. As this study is theoretical and historical in nature, qualitative methods were employed to gather the data and the data were analyzed by description. This study found out that all these determinants were prevalent at different times during the three phases of the development of ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria. Two or more of these factors wer...
Existing Materials, Current Style and Ecclesiastical Architecture in Nigeria
International journal of innovative research and development, 2015
Existing building materials coupled with the current style factor has been identified as one of the predominant determinants of ecclesiastical architecture. This study examined various emerging materials and architectural styles with a view to identify how and why these factors have affected the emergence and development of ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria. The study area was Lagos State because of many reasons. Lagos State was noted as the cradle of Christian evolution and growth in Nigeria. It was a place that pioneered ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria. Lagos State was arguably one of the most Christian religious cities in the world having a long history of Independent African Churches dating back to the time of the great influenza epidemic of 1918. Since this study was a theoretical research and historical in nature, qualitative methods in form of literature, unstructured interview and non-participant observation were employed to gather the data and analysis was done ...
Characteristics of Early Ecclesiastical Architecture in Lagos State in Nigeria
Considering the fact that the period between 1854 and 1929AD has been identified as the first phase of emergence and development of ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria, this, therefore, became the earliest period and this study examined the characteristics of the church buildings during this period. Among the churches that were built during this period, five were significantly prominent and still exist. This study examined two because those buildings shared similar characteristics. As the study was an explorative one and historical in nature it adopted qualitative method of non-participant observation, historical and unstructured interview methods of gathering data using descriptive method of analysis. This study found that Churches were dominated by foreign established missions as indigenous ones were yet to evolve. Gothic style dominated the period characterised by its usual strong focus on verticality, pointed arches, rib vaults, flying buttresses, large stained glass windows, ornaments and pinnacles. Construction works and financing relied heavily on foreign input. It also noted that construction materials were imported and the church buildings were more of foreign monuments rather than industrial or makeshift. Nigerian cultural, geographical, geological, climatic, existing religious and social factors were not major considerations. The study concluded that the characteristics of the early church buildings were significantly at variance with the current trends.
Effects of Pentecostalism on Ecclesiastical Architecture in Nigeria
Many factors have been identified as elements of influence on ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria. Therefore, this study examined ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria with a view to identifying the effect of Pentecostalism. Lagos was chosen as the study area because it is arguably the most Pentecostal city in the world and the cradle of ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria. Since the study was explorative in nature, qualitative research methods were adopted in gathering the data and descriptive analysis was used.
CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY, LITURGY AND ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE IN NIGERIA
Many studies have identified theology and liturgy as part of the predominant determinants of ecclesiastical architecture. This study examined the trends in the development of ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria with a view to identifying how and why theology and liturgy have affected these trends during the three phases of the development of this architecture. Since this study is theoretical and historical in nature, qualitative methods in form of literature, non-participant observation, unstructured interview and case study were employed to gather the data and analysis was done by description and content analysis. This study selected one church building of the same denomination across the three phases of development for progressive analysis and Lagos State was chosen as the study area because of many of her contributions to the development of ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria. This study discovered that architecture of the Church gave denominational identity and at the same time expressed their mode of theology and liturgy. This study noted that space hierarchy and building materials were theologically and liturgically selected. This study concluded that theology and liturgy were primarily predominant in determining ecclesiastical architecture in Nigeria across the three phases because they found their expression and augmentation in architecture.
Ecclesiastical Architecture in Nigeria: Exploring Unifying Elements in the Design of Worship Centers
International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH
The primary factor in ecumenism has been the church's unity. The World Council's Central Committee produced an agreed-upon definition of ecumenical in 1951. The word derives from the Greek word for inhabited earth, and it refers to the church and its efforts to spread the Gospel over the world. As a result, ecumenism is linked to the Christian faith's unique unity and mission in the context of the entire globe. In Nigeria, some State Governments have attempted to unify the key denominations of the Christian faith in an attempt to pursue this common mission by literarily bringing them under one roof. In other to achieve that, markers, and features of scared spaces for each of these denominations have to be identified and combined where possible. This paper explores how elements have been unified in the design of these Government initiated archetype.
IMPACT OF MODERNITY ON MOSQUE ARCHITECTURE OF NORTHERN NIGERIA: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Nigeria’s rich historical background has derived an exclusive indigenous Architecture that displays different variations and influences. Mosque Architecture happens to be one of the unique type of architecture for its primary function is a community worshiping centre. The primary purpose of this article is to study and identify the essential elements of a mosque and their functions, and their development from the precolonial, colonial and post-colonial period as regards to changes in the morphology, symbolism, technology and design of mosques in Northern Nigeria. This article will focus on some selected mosques in Nigeria which represent the original traditional architecture through to the modern. The changes made were examined based on characteristics of morphology, design articulation and technology based on the history of Hausa mosque architecture. This was done through existing publication on the subject and the author’s experience. Findings shows that the emergence of the colonial masters and some of the Arab merchants in Nigeria has affected the existing culture and traditions which obviously weakened the bonds between the traditional and modern architecture. Mosques were not only not conserved in their originality but changed thereby destroying the traditional forms.