Composition and correlation studies of fatty acids in seed oil of yellow sarson (Brassica campestris L.) cultivars and backcross derived zero erucic acid yellow sarson populations (original) (raw)
Related papers
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 1998
A germplasm collection consisting of 1475 entries from 21 species of Brassica, including 36 lower taxa, was evaluated for the fatty acid composition of the seed oil. A total of 358 entries representing the taxonomic variability in the collection were selected and analysed by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). The remaining 1117 entries were analysed by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS), after developing multi-species calibration equations. The results demonstrated that NIRS is an effective technique to assess variability for oleic, linoleic, linolenic and erucic acid in intact-seed samples of multiple Brassica species, provided that calibration equations be developed from sets containing large taxonomic and chemical variability. Some fatty acid ratios were used to estimate the efficiency of the different biosynthetic pathways. Two well-defined patterns were observed. The first one was characterised by high elongation efficiency and accumulation of high levels of erucic acid. The highest erucic acid content (>55% of the total fatty acids) was found in the cultivated species B. napus L., B. oleracea L., and B. rapa L., and in the wild species B. incana Tenore, B. rupestris Raf., and B. villosa Bivona-Bernardi, the three latter belonging to the B. oleracea group (n=9). The second pattern was characterised by high desaturation efficiency, resulting in the accumulation of high levels of the polyunsaturated linoleic and linolenic acid (up to more than 55%). The highest levels of these fatty acids were found in samples of B. elongata Ehrh., especially of the var. integrifolia Boiss. The utility of the reported variability for plant breeding is discussed.
Brassica oleracea genotypes displaying interesting fatty acid profiles for Brassica napus breeding
African Journal of Agricultural Research, 2010
Brassica oleracea (CC) normally displays an erucic acid (22:1) content ranging from 28 to 63%. In the course of studies dealing with the inheritance of erucic acid content in the seed oil of Brassica species individual plants belonging to three accessions of B. oleracea conv. capitata-Kashirka 202, Ladozhskaya DS 8395 and Eisenkopf-were identified displaying low, intermediary and high erucic acid content. The fatty acid profiles of these cabage genotypes and their potential use in Brassica napus breeding is discussed.
Journal of Genetics and Genomics, 2010
The history of canola breeding began with the discovery of germplasm with low erucic acid content in seeds of spring forage cultivar in the 1950's. FAE1 mutations led to a dramatic decrease of the seed erucic acid content in Arabidopsis thaliana. The products of the two FAE1 loci, BnA8.FAE1 and BnC3.FAE1, showed additive effects to the level of erucic acid content in oilseed rape. Previous research believed that the pleiotropy of FAE1 was responsible for the decrease in seed oil content along with the reduction of seed erucic acid content in the modern cultivars. TN DH population was developed from a canola cultivar Tapidor and a Chinese traditional cultivar Ningyou7. The population had been tested in 10 and 11 environments to map QTLs for the erucic acid content and oil content in seeds. As the map resolution increased, a novel QTL for seed erucic acid content was revealed, after Meta-analysis, 7 cM away from the most significant seed erucic acid content QTL where BnA8.FAE1 is located. Seven independent QTLs for seed oil content (qOC) were detected around the two seed erucic acid content QTLs (qEA) across 39.20 cM on linkage group A8. Two of the qOCs co-localized with the two qEAs, respectively, and were detected in a single environment. The other five qOCs were detected in 10 of 11 environments independent of qEAs. Alleles from Tapidor in all the QTLs at the 0-39.20 cM region contributed negative effects to either erucic acid content or oil content in seeds. Parallel, genotyping showed that on 5 of the 7 QTLs regions, Tapidor alleles had the same genotypes with that in 'Liho', the original low seed erucic acid content source. Through rounds of crossbreeding with oil-cropped cultivars and intensive selection for multi generations, Tapidor still had the inferior alleles for low seed oil content from 'Liho', the forage rape. This showed a strong linkage drag of low seed oil content, which was controlled by the five qEA-independent qOCs, with low seed erucic acid content. Ninety cultivars of B. napus from 8 countries were used to analyze the genetic drag with 9 molecular markers located in the QTL confidence intervals (24.04 cM) on linkage group A8. It was noticed that more than 46% of the cultivars with low seed erucic acid content trait remained the genotype of low seed oil content at least in one locus. Backcross and marker-assisted selection could break the genetic drag between the low oil content and erucic acid in seeds in the process for breeding modern high seed oil content canola cultivars.
Relationships between seed oil content and fatty acid composition in high stearic acid sunflower
Plant Breeding, 2007
The high stearic acid sunflower mutant CAS-3 is characterized by a low seed oil content, which might represent a constraint for the commercial production of high stearic acid sunflower oil. The objective of the present research was to investigate the relationships between fatty acid profile and seed oil content in CAS-3. Plants of CAS-3 were reciprocally crossed with plants of breeding line ADV-37, with high oil content and standard fatty acid profile. Oil content and fatty acid composition were measured in individual F 2 seeds and F 2 plants (F 3 seeds averaged). Both F 2 seeds and F 2 plants from the cross ADV-37 • CAS-3 had a significantly higher oil content than those from the reciprocal cross, which indicated the existence of cytoplasmic effects in the genetic control of the trait. A consistent negative correlation between oil content and palmitic acid and a positive correlation between oil content and oleic acid were detected both in F 2 seeds and F 2 plants. Conversely, no consistent correlation between oil content and stearic acid was observed, which suggested the feasibility of simultaneous selection for both traits.
Helia, 2002
A diallel crossing design was carried out during 1999 and 2000 seasons near Montpellier under field nursery conditions. Intercrosses of seven sunflower lines were performed between genetic (ms2) or cytoplasmic male sterile (PET1) and standard versions using bagged heads. These lines contrasted for oleic acid content in oil. Four lines with high oleic acid content originated from Pervenets. Three linoleic inbred lines were added to the crossing design. Male fertile lines were selfed in the same conditions. F 1 seeds and those from selfed inbred lines were analyzed for fatty acid composition using gas chromatography. Year effect, reciprocal or maternal effects, general combining ability and specific combining ability effects were found to be significant. The level of dominance of high oleic acid content appeared related to the genetic background. We found previously that 83HR4, a linoleic line of the diallel, was bearing a suppressor allele canceling Pervenets mutation effect. In reciprocal crosses with high oleic lines, this line had a strong maternal negative effect on oleic acid content.
Oil and fatty acid changes in Sinapis and Crambe seeds during germination and early development
Industrial Crops and Products, 1998
Seeds of Sinapis alba L. and Crambe abyssinica L. contain oil, rich in erucic acid (50-60%), which is valuable for industrial purposes. During germination and early growth at 20°C changes in lipid content and fatty acid composition were followed for 15 days. Reduction in the oil content started only 8 days after the onset of germination and was more rapid in C. abyssinica. Oil reduction was accelerated by light and the content reached low levels of 6.7 and 13.7% in seeds of C. abyssinica and S. alba, respectively. No change in dry weight was observed during this period. In cotyledons of S. alba and C. abyssinica respectively, levels of 12 and 25% erucic acid were found after 15 days of development in darkness. Lower levels (4 and 18%) were found in cotyledons developed in the light. No more than 5% erucic acid was detected in the 15-day-old roots of both species. In cotyledons, the decline in erucic acid was accompanied by significant increases in linolenic acid (32% in S. alba and 27% in C. abyssinica) which was also stimulated by light (to 45 and 32%, respectively). No synthesis of linolenic acid was detected in the roots of either species. However, a novel synthesis of saturated palmitic and stearic acids was observed in these species, with a 10-fold increase in their contents. The present results provide an example of the selective utilization of the fatty acids in the reserve oil of seeds during germination and the subsequent growth of seedlings.
The research was conducted at the agronomy block of the National Cattle Research Program, Rampur Chitwan, during the soybean growing season (July-November), 2015. The objective of this study was to analyze oil and fatty acid content of soybean seed and also find out the composition of oil and fatty acids and its correlation among the genotypes. Layout of the field was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) within three replications and comprised of 15 exotic genotypes including check. Analysis of oil content was done in Department of Food Technology and Quality Control, Kathmandu is using a Soxhlet apparatus and the fatty acid content was analyzed in the College of Agriculture and Live Sciences, Kyungpook National University, South Korea uses gas chromatography. The highest average oil content was found in TGX1990-110FN (17.95%) followed by TGX1989-68FN (17.41%) and TGX1990-106FN (17.31%). A highly significant difference was found among fifteen soybean genotypes in terms of five fatty acids. Highly negative correlation was found between the oleic acid and linoleic acid (-0.9821**); linolenic acid (-0.6591**). Soybean normally contains 15% saturated fatty acid, 23% monounsaturated fatty acids and 62% poly-unsaturated fatty acid. Desirable content of fatty acid in soybean oil by industries is dependent upon its use. High monounsaturated fatty acid, high saturated fatty acid and high polyunsaturated fatty acid or desirable for frying, baking and industrial purposes, respectively. But in this experiment, almost all the genotypes showed the fatty acid content suitable for normal vegetable oil.
The Journal of Agricultural Science, 2007
SUMMARYEthiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) genotypes with different contents of oleic acid (C18:1) in the seed oil could be useful for food and industrial applications. The objectives of the present research were to study the inheritance of high C18:1 in the seed oil of different lines of Ethiopian mustard and its relationship with erucic acid content (C22:1). The low C18:1/high C22:1 mutant line L-1806, the high C18:1/high C22:1 mutant line L-482, the high C18:1/low C22:1 mutant line L-2890 and the low C18:1/very high C22:1 mutant line L-1630 were isolated after a chemical mutagen treatment of C-101 seeds (about 94 g C18:1/kg and 450 g C22:1/kg). The high C18:1/zero C22:1 line L-25X-1 was obtained by interspecific crosses of Ethiopian mustard with rapeseed and Indian mustard. Plants of lines L-2890×C-101, L-482×L-2890, L-1630×L-25X-1, L-1630×L-2890 and L-482×L-1806 were reciprocally crossed and F2 and the BC1F1 generations were obtained. Cytoplasmic effects were not observed in a...
Oil Content and Fatty Acids Composition inBrassicaSpecies
International Journal of Food Properties, 2015
Seeds of 20 accessions of six Brassica species including cultivated and five wild relatives were analyzed for oil and fatty acid composition. The results showed that oil content varied from 21 (B. nigra) to 46% (B. napus). Among wild species, B. rapa and B. oleracea had highest oil content (31 and 28%, respectively). The main fatty acids of oleic, linoleic, linolenic, erucic, palmitic, and stearic acids accounted for 89-94% of the total fatty acids in all species. Cultivated species of B. napus had highest oleic acid (61%) and lowest erucic acid (1%) content compared to other studied species. Brassica rapa and B. oleracea had the highest content of erucic acid (41 and 46%, respectively). The highest content of linolenic (20%) and linoleic (19%) acid was observed for B. juncea. The results showed that there was high genetic variation among the studied species for oil content and fatty acids composition. This indicates that seed oil of these species is possibly suitable for both human consumption and industrial purposes.
Evaluation of sister homozygous lines for oil content and oil quality in groundnut
Groundnut is one of the important oilseed crop grown in India. The content and quality (fatty acid profile) of the oil determines its economic value, oxidative stability and nutritional quality. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population comprising 147 lines were phenotyped for oil content, fatty acid profile of eight fatty acids, namely palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, arachidic, eicosenoic, behenic and lignoseric acids and one derived trait for fatty acids (O/L ratio) for two seasons (Summer and kharif 2009). Analysis of variance revealed significant variation among the RILs, seasons and RILs x season interaction for all the ten traits. Genetic variability components revealed low magnitude of variation (PCV, GCV) with moderate heritability and lower genetic advance for oil content in individual seasons. All the oil quality parameters except O/L ratio and stearic acid content had low PCV and GCV with high to very high heritability coupled with low to moderate GAM in both the seasons. Across the seasons, there was reduction in values of components of variability indicating preponderance of G x E interaction for oil content; but a very slight reduction in the variability components indicating lesser role for G x E interaction was observed for fatty acid profile and O/L ratio. Positive correlation between seasons was observed for all the traits studied. Oil content showed positive correlation with eicosenoic acid, behenic acid and lignoseric acid and negative correlation with stearic acid in both the seasons. Negative correlation existed between oleic and linoleic acid, palmitic and oleic acid, O/L ratio and linoleic acid. Stearic acid had significant positive association with arachidic and behenic acid and is negatively correlated with eicosenoic and lignoseric acids. Eicosenoic acid had a positive correlation with lignoseric acid. Several RILs superior to the best parent were identified for different traits which could be utilized in future breeding programmes.