COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHEMICALLY AND MECHANICALLY SINGED KNIT FABRIC (original) (raw)
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Research Article, 2021
The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of process variables on the color and physical characteristics of viscose and cotton knitted fabrics. The effect of dye concentration, salt concentration, soda ash, dyeing time, dyeing temperature, material to liquor ratio, different dye class, fabric GSM, washing time, washing temperature, and enzyme concentration were investigated in terms of color strength (K/S value), color fastness, and pilling resistance. The K/S value of the colored fabric was calculated using UV visible spectrophotometer SF 650 TM and the pilling resistance of the enzyme-treated fabrics was tested by an ICI pilling tester. The results show that dye concentration has the greatest and key effect on the K/S value of viscose and cotton fabric. However, viscose fabric shows a higher K/S value than that of cotton fabric in similar dyeing conditions. Furthermore, the multi-functional dyes demonstrate the upmost K/S value than the vinyl sulphone dyes. Moreover, it was found that enzymatic treatment improved the pilling grade of cotton fabric, whereas no enzymatic effect on viscose fabric was observed.
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2014
The scouring and bleaching performance of conventional process (hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide), was compared to that of enzymatic process using enzyme (arylesterase) which catalyst the discontinuous peroxide reaction. The whiteness and reflectance% indicating bleaching performance and absorbency and weight loss % was used as a measure of the scouring performance. Comparison of these performance and the effects are analyzed by using graphical representation. The weight loss% of enzymatic process was less than conventional process. In conventional process the reflectance % and absorbency increased and whiteness decreased with the increasing of concentration of caustic soda and the aforementioned properties were increased with the increasing of concentration of H2O2. In enzymatic process the reflectance % of cotton fabric increased and whiteness and absorbency fluctuated with the increasing of concentration of enzyme. Meanwhile reflectance %, absorbency and whiteness increased wi...
Journal of Textile Science & Engineering, 2014
Cotton (woven and knitted) fabrics with following specifications were used in this study (Table 1). Natural dyes annatto (Bixa orellana), onion (Allium cepa), pomegranate (Punica granatum), indigo (Indigofera tinctoria), myrobalan (Terminalia chebula), bar berry (Berberis vulgaris) and synthetic dyes reactive dye (reactive red HB-C.I. No. Red 24), and sulphur dye (sulphur black-C.I. No. sulphur Black 1) used were in the commercial grade. The commercial Super FX UltraSoft 2015 (Tirupur, India) was used for finishing on cotton fabrics. The other chemicals mentioned elsewhere for this study were in AR grade. Methods Pretreatment on cotton (woven and knitted) fabrics: The cotton fabrics (woven and knitted) were pretreated (scouring and bleaching) as per the established technique [18]. Sodium hydroxide treatment on cotton (woven and knitted) fabrics: The cotton fabrics (woven and knitted) were treated with sodium hydroxide of the concentration 15% (owm) for one hour at 85°C. Morpholine treatment on cotton (woven and knitted) fabrics: The cotton fabrics (woven and knitted) were treated with aqueous solution of morpholine 40% for one hour at 40°C. Cellulase enzyme treatment on cotton (woven and knitted) fabrics: The cotton fabrics (woven and knitted) were treated with Cellulase enzyme of the concentration 4.0% (owm) for one hour at 70°C. Dyeing of cotton (woven and knitted) fabrics: The dyeability of cotton fabrics (woven and knitted) was investigated using natural dyes
Consequences of Enzyme Rinse on Physical Properties of Knit Garments
The use of enzymes in the textile chemical processing is rapidly gaining globally recognition because of their non-toxic and eco-friendly characteristics with the increasingly important requirements for textile manufactures to reduce pollution in textile production. Furthermore, the use of enzymes results in reduced process times, energy and water savings, improved product quality and potential process integration. Variation of knit fabric and enzyme concentration is taken to do this project. The aim is to know the effect of enzyme concentration on the physical properties of knit garments of various constructions. In this project 0.4 g/l and 0.5 g/l enzyme concentration is taken to wash Single Jersey and Rib fabric. Then to see the effect of enzyme concentration on the physical properties of Single Jersey and Rib fabric some tests like GSM, Bursting strength, Dimensional Stability and Pilling are done. The results of before and after enzyme wash is compared to know the effect of concentration of enzyme on the physical properties of Single Jersey and Rib fabric. After enzyme wash GSM of the fabric increases, Dimensional Stability and Bursting strength decreases and pilling formation on the fabric surface also decreases.
Journal of Natural Fibers, 18(9): 1247-1260, 2021
In the present work, cotton fabrics were dyed with natural dye extracted from the barks of a plant named Calligonum comosum. The dyed fabrics were mordanting with four mordants (potassium aluminium sulphate, black eco-crumb, ferrous chloride, and ferrous sulphate) applied separately. The effect of the mordants was described by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, DSC and TGA techniques. From the obtained results, various bands ratio displayed differences was observed; FT-IR shows a decrease in O-H band intensity; SEM images illustrate that the fabric was firmly woven. Thermal results propose the improvement of the thermal molecular mobility of the cellulose molecules. The evaluation of antimicrobial activity was tested using the modified streak method. The data indicated that the dyed and treated cotton fabrics with ferrous chloride and ferrous sulphate mordants have higher crystallinity indices in agreement with the obtained thermal data and exhibited higher thermal stability as well as expressively altered the morphological structure of cotton fabrics, and imparted a series of functionalities including; antioxidant and antibacterial properties to cotton fabrics.
The study comprises the effect of different bleaching parameters on scoured single jersey cotton fabrics. Three different concentrations (1.8 g/L, 2.0 g/L and 2.2 g/L) taken from 5% stock solution of hydrogen peroxide were considered for the experiment. In each concentration, bleaching was performed in four individual temperatures (78�C, 88�C, 98�C and 108�C). In each of the temperatures bleaching were continued for four individual time period (20, 30, 40 and 50 minutes). The weight of sample fabric was 12.5 grams and 1:10 liquor ratio was maintained in each operation. The bleached samples were tested in a reflectance spectrophotometer (datacolor 650) and also their bursting strengths were found from an Autoburst instrument following ISO 13038-1 method. The results show that bursting strength and whiteness index have an inverse relation between themselves. For the nominated concentrations of peroxide, 88�C to 98�C temperature with 30 to 40 minutes time duration is suggested as the o...
Journal of Advanced Research in Materials Science, 2021
This paper investigates the changes observed after enzyme wash, acid wash, ice wash and pigment wash on different types of knit garment such as 100% cotton single jersey, single jersey slub, single Lacoste and terry fleece. For most of the cases property developed after any types of wash however, acid wash played a negative role. Therefore, Fabric weight increased around 5-10% after any types of mentioned wash except acid wash where weight decreased. Fabric shrinkage and spirality property degraded after wash. Besides, fabric perspiration, dry and wet rub properties remain constants. Moreover, the pH value found slightly acidic in nature. Finally, the pill remains same however, terry fleece fabric has a developed property. So, it can be ensured that there are significant changes after any types of wash and it has become possible for a wide range of design and wash variability.
2017
This paper aims to scrutinize the change in physical and chemical properties of cotton knitted fabric with a variety of shade depth (1% to 8%) dyeing with reactive dyes. Shade percentage is an important factor which has various impacts on 100% cotton knitted fabric. The technical factors of GSM, color fastness to rubbing, bursting strength test, color fastness to wash, and color fastness to perspiration of cotton knitted fabric are influenced by various shade percentage (1% to 8%). The cotton knitted bleached fabric which was dyed with Remazol Red RR reactive dye and auxiliaries with different shade percentage, then measured GSM & their fastness properties. It was observed that after increasing the shade percentage on cotton knitted fabric, GSM was increased but bursting strength is decreased. On the other hand, color fastness to rubbing, wash and perspiration is decreased repeatedly.
Science Research, 2016
Dyeing and finishing parameters are important factors which have various impacts on cotton knitted two thread fleece and 1x1 rib fabrics respectively. Various technical properties like physical, dimensional and dyeing properties of 1x1 rib and two thread fleece knitted fabric after different wet processing stages and sequences have been influenced by dyeing and finishing parameters. For this purpose, it was taken two types of knitted fabrics such as 32 (S) , 1×1 Rib and 13 (S) , 28 (S) two thread fleece. The grey fabric was subjected to pretreatment process involving scouring, bleaching and enzyme wash. The pretreated fabrics were then dyed and finished to ready to stitch fabrics. At the end of each process stage, samples were collected and analyzed for various physical properties. In every state except dyeing, weight has successively decreased. Total weight loss found for 1x1 rib is 9.59% and for two thread fleece is found 11.49%. Tensile strength also decreased in each stage except in dyeing. Total strength loss found for 1x1 rib is 43.31% and for two thread fleece is 32.72%. Shrinkage has found in both length wise and width wise direction. Length wise shrinkage for 1x1 rib is found-3.35% and in width wise is found-3.50%. For fleece fabric, length wise shrinkage is found-3.25% and in width wise is found-2.70%. The abrasion resistance of different stages for 1x1 rib and fleece fabric are same in dry state. But at dyeing stage, test result is found a little different from other stages at wet state assessment. The results show that, the properties of the fabric changes to a considerable extent after each stage of wet processing. The finishing process whether the dyed fabric is padded with softener and dried in a dryer alters fabric properties to a considerable extent. It improves fabric handle and imparts a soft feel to fabric.
Global Journal of Researches in Engineering, 2019
This paper shows the effect of different bleaching agent on whiteness index and bursting strength of the cotton knitted fabric. Bleaching process uses three types of bleaching agents namely hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and calcium hypochlorite Ca(OCl) 2 with varying their concentration and these are 1.5 g/l, 2.5 g/l, 3.5 g/l, 4.5 g/l, and 5.5 g/l. In the same time, scouring agent was caustic soda, and its concentration for all the bleaching agents was same. It is obvious that with the increase of bleaching agent concentration, whiteness index increases, and bursting strength reduces.