Complete Genome Sequence of a Street Rabies Virus Isolated from a Dog in Nigeria (original) (raw)
Viruses
Despite being the first country to register confirmed cases of Mokola and Lagos bat lyssaviruses (two very distant lyssaviruses), knowledge gaps, particularly on the molecular epidemiology of lyssaviruses, still exist in Nigeria. A total of 278 specimens were collected from dogs in southeastern Nigeria between October 2015 and July 2016, and 23 (8.3%) of these tested positive for lyssaviruses with the direct fluorescent antibody test (DFA). The lyssaviruses were genetically characterized by amplifying the highly conserved nucleoprotein (N) gene of the rabies lyssaviruses (RABVs) of the viral genome. Phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences showed that all the RABV sequences in this study were of the Africa-2 lineage. Our results demonstrated that transboundary transmission of rabies lyssavirus is a key event, given that one of the RABV sequences (MN196576) clustered with rabies variants from neighboring Niger Republic. Furthermore, three RABVs from dogs from Anambra State c...
Genome Sequence of a Rabies Virus Isolated from a Dog in Chiapas, Mexico, 2013
Genome announcements, 2018
Rabies virus (RABV), a member of the genus , causes encephalitis that is almost always fatal following the onset of clinical signs. Here, we report the complete codifying sequence of an RABV isolated from a dog in Mexico. Molecular data showed that this strain belongs to the Chiapas lineage.
Genomic Surveillance of Rabies Virus in Georgian Canines
Rabies is a fatal zoonosis that is considered a re-emerging infectious disease. Although rabies remains endemic in canines throughout much of the world, vaccination programs have essentially eliminated dog rabies in the Americas and much of Europe. However, despite the goal of eradicating dog rabies in the European Union by 2020, sporadic cases of dog rabies still occur in Eastern Europe, including Georgia. To assess the genetic diversity of strains recently circulating in Georgia, we sequenced 78 RABV-positive samples from brain tissues of rabid dogs and jackals using Illumina short-read sequencing of total RNA shotgun libraries. Seventy-seven RABV genomes were successfully assembled and annotated, 74 of them to the coding complete status. Phylogenetic analyses of the nucleoprotein (N) and attachment glycoprotein (G) genes placed all the assembled genomes into the Cosmopolitan clade, consistent with the Georgian origin of the samples. Amino acid alignment of the G glycoprotein ecto...
Virus Research, 2009
Rabies is endemic in Sudan and remains a continual threat to public health as transmission to humans is principally dog-mediated. Additionally, large-scale losses of livestock occur each year causing economic and social dilemmas. In this study, we analysed a cohort of 143 rabies viruses circulating in Sudan collected from 10 different animal species between 1992 and 2006. Partial nucleoprotein sequence data (400 bp) were obtained and compared to available sequence data of African classical rabies virus (RABV) isolates. The Sudanese sequences formed a discrete cluster within the Africa 1a group, including a small number of sequences that clustered with sequences from Ethiopian RABV. These latter sequences share an Aspartic Acid at position 106 (Asp 106 ) with all other Africa 1a group members, in contrast to the remaining Sudanese strains, which encode Glutamic Acid at this position (Glu 106 ). Furthermore, when representatives of other African and European lineages were aligned, Glu 106 is unique to Sudan, which supports the concept of a single distinct virus strain circulating in Sudan. The high sequence identity in all Sudanese isolates studied, demonstrates the presence of a single rabies virus biotype for which the principal reservoir is the domestic dog.
Molecular characterization of carrier rabies isolates
Virus Research, 1996
We compared the genomes of nine dog rabies virus isolates using two molecular methods. The viruses used in the comparison included three Ethiopian rabies strains from carrier dogs, a street strain from a rabid dog from the same geographic area, two saliva isolates made from an experimentally infected carrier dog, the virus isolated from the tonsil of this carrier dog at necropsy, and two laboratory strains. We produced overlapping polymerase chain reaction (PCR) segments spanning 97% of the genome. Restriction analysis of these PCR products with AvaII, Bc1I, and BamHI detected 39 variable sites representing 668 nucleotides (nt) or 5.5% of the genome. We also compared the DNA and the deduced peptide sequences of a 200-nt segment of the 3′ end of the rabies nucleoprotein gene. Previous work with these Ethiopian carrier viruses and the endemic street strain had failed to show any differences among them. Both restriction mapping and sequence analysis of 200 nt of the nucleoprotein gene allowed us to individually identify these isolates. Phylogenetic analyses of these data sets showed only the two saliva isolates of the experimentally infected carrier dog to be identical. Each of the viruses in this study, including the one isolated from the tonsil of the experimentally infected carrier dog, could be distinguished by these techniques.
Virus Research, 2009
The Free State (FS) province of the Republic of South Africa is associated with endemic rabies in the yellow mongoose, Cynictis penicillata. Historically, this mongoose rabies virus biotype occasionally spilled over into domestic dogs, but the canid rabies virus biotype of southern Africa did not occur here, until recently. We report on the recent spread of canine rabies by means of a molecular epidemiological study that was performed on a cohort of 69 rabies viruses collected from dogs in FS province between 1995 and 2007. We have utilized a 592 nucleotide sequence of the cytoplasmic domain of glycoprotein and G-L intergenic region of the genomes of these viruses and of those obtained from surrounding geographical areas. It was found that viruses from the FS province and those obtained from the kingdom of Lesotho belong to the same epidemiological cycle with an average nucleotide sequence identity of 99%. This study contributes to a collection of data that demonstrate the increasing public and veterinary health threat posed by the radiation of dog rabies in Africa.
Identification of novel canine rabies virus clades in the Middle East and North Africa
Journal of General Virology, 2007
Four novel phylogenetic clades of canine rabies virus (RABV) variants have been identified in the Middle East and North Africa. The three novel Middle Eastern clades comprise RABV isolates from the borders between Israel and neighbouring countries. The North African clade (Africa 4) comprises four RABV isolates from Egypt and one from Israel. We characterized various RABV lineages antigenically by using a panel of monoclonal antibodies to the nucleoprotein (N) and phylogenetically by analysis of entire N gene sequences. The estimated mean substitution rate for the N gene alignment (2.7610 "4 substitutions per site per year) is comparable with previous estimates for RABV. The application of a molecular clock indicates the emergence of current canine RABV diversity to have occurred at about the same time (approx. 1870) in the Middle East and Europe, following divergence from established lineages in Africa and Asia.
Evolutionary history and dynamics of dog rabies virus in western and central Africa
Journal of General Virology, 2009
The burden of rabies in Africa is estimated at 24 000 human deaths year "1 , almost all of which result from infection with dog rabies viruses (RABV). To investigate the evolutionary dynamics of RABV in western and central Africa, 92 isolates sampled from 27 African countries over 29 years were collected and sequenced. This revealed that RABV currently circulating in dogs in this region fell into a single lineage designated 'Africa 2'. A detailed analysis of the phylogeographical structure of this Africa 2 lineage revealed strong population subdivision at the country level, with only limited movement of virus among localities, including a possible east-to-west spread across Africa. In addition, Bayesian coalescent analysis suggested that the Africa 2 lineage was introduced into this region of Africa only recently (probably ,200 years ago), in accordance with the timescale of expanding European colonial influence and urbanization, and then spread relatively slowly, perhaps occupying the entire region in a 100 year period.