"Impact of climate change on socio-economic development of bangladesh" (original) (raw)
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Climate Change and Sustainable Development: Bangladesh Perspective
Extreme climatic events such as floods, cyclones, river bank erosion, drought, salinity intrusion cause adverse socio-economic consequences for the affected people and, therefore, are a major concern for national sustainable development in Bangladesh. Reviewing the available research in relation to climate change and sustainable development, the study found that since 1954, 7 events were severe where more than 30% of land area was inundated. On the other hand, over the last 50 years, 15 severe cyclones have hit in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. Besides, Bangladesh experiences major droughts once in 5 years. Cumulatively, the direct annual costs from natural disasters to the national economy have been estimated at 0.5 percent to 1 percent of GDP. This study also found that, the damages from a single typical severe cyclone with a return period of 10 years is expected to rise nearly five-fold to over $9 billion by 2050. Addressing the additional risks due to climate change will requi...
Climate change is an important issue in the effort of global peace. Average global temperature and sea levels are changing every day. The whole world is worried about the climate change. Climate change is affecting the daily life and economy in Bangladesh. Every year the country faces unexpected rain, dry spells, temperatures and other symptoms of changes in global weather pattern. Bangladesh is experiencing frequent severe weather pattern in the form of floods, cyclones, heavy rains, droughts, river erosion, salinity intrusion, tsunami, Aila due to climate change. Bangladesh is vulnerable to climate change due to dense population and low lying coastal areas. An increasing world population and harmful industrial worldwide is the main causes of climate change. Severity of storms, droughts, rainfall, floods and other natural disaster has been increasing in Bangladesh due to climate change. Global warm threatens our agriculture which is backbone of Bangladesh. Every year natural disaster has widespread effects in Bangladesh, touching every corner of the country. Due to limited resources Bangladesh does not have capacity to ensure appropriate measures to mitigate the damage. Bangladesh is losing ponds, lakes, dams, forestry. National and regional varieties of fish are being lost. Scientists have reported that 54 varieties of fish in Bangladesh have already been lost due to climate change. Forests animals are also being lost. Human health, agriculture and natural ecosystem, coastal areas and temperatures are sensitive to climate change. Due to climate change, the weather in Bangladesh has changed, water level has fallen, temperatures have risen and incidence of floods, dry spells and cyclones have increased, affecting life styles and the crops. At least 30 rivers including the Padma, Gumti and the Teesta have dried up. Most of the others river is being lost due to filled with soil. North Bengal of Bangladesh becoming desserts. Bangladesh is likely to be among the countries that will be worst affected by climate change. In the last few decades, extensive floods, cyclones, tidal surges, tsunamis, droughts, river bank erosion etc have been attacked our country frequently. UNDP identified Bangladesh to the most vulnerable country in the world to natural disaster. In the 1991 cyclone, death amounted to a figure of 1, 40,000. In the 2007 sidre, the total number of death was only 3,500. In the Aila total death was recorded 179. This was because of intensive disaster management program. Bangladesh needs to technological and economic support to survive the effects of changing climate. We have to learn to live with this change. Cyclone warning system should be strengthen, coastal embankment has to be build, cyclone shelter is to be established, navigate the rivers, ensure smooth flow of rivers. Last of all, we have to be environment friendly.
IMPACTS AND MITIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON DIFFERENT SECTORS OF BANGLADESH
2017
Due to climate change and reduced biodiversity, Bangladesh is already experiencing the effects of serious environmental damage. Water, land and soil degradation, biodiversity loss and natural disasters are negatively impacting the lives of Bangladeshi people across the country, from everyday challenges to threatening livelihood and life. The paper seeks to discuss the impact of Climate Change on Bangladesh on sectoral issues from various perspectives such as Agriculture, Fisheries, Urban Areas, Forestry, and Biodiversity. It commences with an introduction highlighting the general information about the topic. The second part focuses on both natural and artificial causes and effects of climate change on sectoral issues while the last part discusses mitigation strategies. Findings provided in this paper can constitute a baseline for future analysis as it elaborates tools and strategies for citizen information, training them about climate change and sustainability.
Climate change impacts and adaptation assessment in Bangladesh
Climate Research, 1999
Bangladesh is likely to be one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to climate change. This paper discusses the possible impacts of climate change in Bangladesh through tropical cyclones, storm surges, coastal erosion and back water effect. The possible increase in cyclone frequency in the Bay of Bengal, lying south of Bangladesh, due to climate change is looked at by analyzing the cyclone data for 119 yr. Both qualitative and quantitative discussions are made on cyclone intensity increase for a sea surface temperature rise of 2 and 4°C. Different scenarios of storm surges under different climate change conditions are developed by using a numerical model of storm surges for the Bay of Bengal. Possible loss of land through beach erosion due to sea level rise on the eastern coast of Bangladesh is examined. Some discussions are also made on the impacts of back water effect due to sea level rise on flood situations in the country. Finally, a few remarks are made on the adaptation options for Bangladesh in the event of climate change.
EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BANGLADESH
Cl imate change is a significant and lasting change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It may be a change in average weather conditions, or in the distribution of weather around the average conditions (i.e., more or fewer extreme weather events). Climate change is caused by factors that include oceanic processes (such as oceanic circulation), variations in solar radiation received by Earth, plate tectonics and volcanic eruptions, and human-induced alterations of the natural world; these latter effects are currently causing global warming, and "climate change" is often used to describe human-specific impacts. Bangladesh is already vulnerable to many climate change related extreme events. It is expected that climate change will bring changes in characteristics of extreme events and gradual changes phenomenon of the physical and natural systems. Due to higher level of dependency on natural resource base, overall impacts of climate change on Bangladesh would be significant. It is estimated that climate change could affect more than 70 million people of Bangladesh. Poor people are generally most vulnerable to climate change because they live in areas more prone to flooding, cyclones, droughts etc., The Probable Impacts of Climate Change on Poverty and Economic Growth and the Options of Coping with adverse Effect of Climate Change in Bangladesh and have little capacity to adapt to such shocks. They are also more dependent on ecosystem services and products for their livelihoods. Bangladesh is also among the most disaster prone countries in the world. It has suffered 170 large scale disasters between 1970 and 1998. A natural disaster survey group recorded 137 cyclones and 64 floods with the estimated loss to those affected was worth US$30 billion which is equivalent to four years national budget of Bangladesh (Ahammad & Baten, 2008) and disasters like these are predicted to increase in number and severity.
High population density, inadequate infrastructure and low adaptive capacity have made the urban population of Bangladesh highly vulnerable to climate change. Trends in climate and climate-related extreme events in five major cities have been analyzed in this paper to decipher the variability and ongoing changes in urban Bangladesh. An analysis of 55 years (1958-2012) of daily rainfall and temperature data using nonparametric statistical methods shows a significant increase in annual and seasonal mean daily maximum and minimum temperatures in all five cities. A significant increase in climate-related extreme events, such as heavy rainfall events ([20 mm), hot days ([32°C) and hot nights ([25°C), is also observed. Climate model results suggest that these trends will continue through the twenty-first century. Vulnerability of urban livelihoods and physical structures to climate change is estimated by considering certainty and timing of impacts. It has been predicted that public health and urban infrastructures, viz. water and power supply, would be the imminent affected sectors in the urban areas of Bangladesh. Adaptation measures that can be adopted to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change are also discussed.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI), 2018
In the perspective of Climate Change, Bangladesh is likely to be one of the most vulnerable countries of the world. Now tropical cyclone, flood and tidal surge, salinity intrusion, rising temperature, decreasing rainfall, irregular weather pattern are the common phenomena in Bangladesh. As this is a sociological study, the focus is given on climate change induced socioeconomic vulnerability. In the theoretical part, a strong relationship between climate change and poverty is shown where Ribot (2011) interrelated vulnerability and livelihood approaches and Blaikie (1994) defining vulnerability in the term of human dimension along as "the capacity to anticipate, cope with, resist and recover from the impact of a natural hazard". Poor are the most vulnerable due to climate change because their livelihoods are most affected due to their dependence on natural resources. The study made use of qualitative methods including in-depth interview (IDI), key informants interview (KII), focus group discussion (FGD), case study and observation. The main focus of this study is to overview of climate change pattern in the study area and elicit the socioeconomic vulnerability of local people due to climate change.
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change
There have been tremendous impacts of climate change on a rural area in their socioeconomic in terms of environmental events. Even though the agriculture sector has been adversely affected and decreased productivity due to climate change. Moreover, rural development and conservation policies have been influenced by climate change likewise natural disasters, migration, poverty, diseases, and food security. Thus, adopt the impact of climate change, stakeholders and experts suggest and develop various practices and solutions. Additionally, they develop integrated problem-solving action and adaptation strategies for the long term which can be directly related to the climate problems. 87 Upazila in 36 districts were selected on the basis of the largest surface areas where tuber crops were cultivated, strong and leading position as crop production. For evaluation the socio-economic condition of the project areas that affected by climate change, it was emphasized on three main point: demog...
Climate Change in Bangladesh: Evidence from Temperature, Precipitation, and Rainfall
International Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences Studies, 2020
Lying on the Bay of Bengal most of the area of Bangladeshis less than 10 m above sea level and ranked 160 out of 181 countries for climate vulnerability to climate change. Nowadays climate change is a great challenge for most countries in the world and Bangladesh has already faced significant challenges to climate change although making only a small contribution to global emissions. The impact of climate change in Bangladesh is severe by already affecting livelihoods, food, and water security, ecosystems, and infrastructure, etc and climate-related hazards will be severe in the future. Bangladesh has already been facing a gradual increase in temperature and precipitation, while overall weather patterns erratic and less predictable than before. The rainfall pattern has also changed significantly due to climate change. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the changing pattern of temperature, precipitation and rainfall patterns due to climate change. The study of this paper tries to build an overall climate scenario in Bangladesh by analyzing the temperature, precipitation, and rainfall changes over time. The result of this study finds that the overall temperature tends to increases by 1 0 C, 1.6 0 C, 2 0 C, and 2.4 0 C in the year 2030, 2050, 2070 and 2100. Precipitation also projected to increases in 2030, 2050 and 2070. The rainfall pattern will change significantly in the last half of the century.