A synopsis of the South Asian fishes referred to Puntius (Pisces: Cyprinidae) (original) (raw)
Related papers
Journal of Threatened Taxa, 2011
Systomus rubrotinctus Jerdon has long been considered a synonym of Puntius arulius. Examination of 'P. arulius' collected from various parts of the Western Ghats revealed the presence of two distinct species: and the fish considered by Day as 'P. arulius' from Wayanad is in fact P. rubrotinctus. Based on the colour pattern, morphometrics and meristics, P. rubrotinctus is retrieved from the synonymy of P. arulius and redescribed. Puntius rubrotinctus can be distinguished from P. arulius by the unique colour pattern consisting of three well-defined black blotches on the body, two scales high and three scales wide, as distinct from the diffused blotches in P. arulius. It further differs from P. arulius in having a shorter dorsal-to-hypural distance (49.8-54.6 % SL, vs. 57.3-57.6 % SL), a smaller interorbital width (28.4-35.6 % HL, vs. 39.1-39.7 % HL) and a higher number of gill rakers (10-11 in the first gill arch, vs. 8). Puntius rubrotinctus is wide distributed in the Cauvery River and its tributaries in the Western Ghats region across the states of Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The results revalidate the identity of the 'Puntius filamentosus group' of previous authors drawing attention to the presence of intermediate forms among this group, in which natural hybrids appear to occur, of which P. exclamatio may be one.
Puntius dolichopterus, a new fish species..Published
Puntius dolichopterus, a new species of the family cyprinidae, is described from a freshwater stream at Kayamkulam of Kerala, India. It is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters:
RUHUNA JOURNAL OF …, 2008
Isozyme and morphological variation provide evidence for species-level divergence between Puntius dorsalis and the red-fin variety, presumed to be conspecific to P. dorsalis, thus warrant the recognition of the P. dorsalis like red-fin variety in Sri Lanka as a separate phylogenetic taxon, hitherto undescribed. Idh, Mdh-1 and Pgm isozymes display fixed allelic differences between the two varieties indicating reproductive isolation and species-level divergence. In addition to the presence of 3½ transverse scale rows above lateral line (vs. 4½ in P. dorsalis) which is a distinctive autaphomorphy, the snout is significantly longer in the red-fin variety (30.3%HL vs. 22.6%HL of P. dorsalis).
Studies of the fishes of the order Cyprinodontes
1)ouch characteristic oL Lucaiiia (and Fundulus) is lacking. The axis of I11c body is angulated, instead of being straight, and the dorsal fin is i11scrted posteriorly instead of medially (characters ;~ssociated with surface rathel. than mid-water swimming habits). Tlle chin is vertical, not obliyue. The coloration is variegated insteacl of being relatively plain excepting the dark margining of the scale pocliets. 'I'he resemblance of Leptolucania to Rivnlus in some structural features and especially .in coloration may or may not be fol-tuitous. I t is clear, liowcver, that tlie two genera arc distinct, for in Lel~tolucania the orbit has a free margin, ancl the teeth arc uniserial. 3. Leptolzccania owzmata Jordan Specimens oi' this nlinute cypriiiodont collected in Prairie Crcelr, six miles so~~tllcast of Gaincsville, Florida, and in ponds near Haines City, Ploricla, have been examined. Tlie clarlc, cliffused band, ~vllich extends folward from the ocellation snrrouncling the caudal spot in the female, does not lollow the downturned axis of the tail region, but rather is parallel with the axis of the l~.unlc, ancl probably also with the water surl'aee when the fish is in normal position against the surface. I n one specimen traces of bars pass through the band, and in another a black spot is developed in the course of the bancl, on each side. Genus 4. Chriogeops Fowler CIc?zol)(ops F O I I I~I , Proe. Read. Nat. Sci. Philn., 58, 1916, p. 425 (as a subgenus) ; hiIyn5, A\lll. hlus. NOT., NO. ll(i, 1924, p. S (ns genus). This genus agrecs with Fundulus and its allies in the developmei~t of a urogenital pouch about the Pront of the anal fin. The teeth are in two series in cac.11 jaw, not in one row as i11 Lucania nor in a band as i11 Fn~~clnlns. C?lpc.in.odon pnrvz~s Baird and Girard, 1855. Lucaaicc venusta Girard, 1859.-After examining 111:111y series of sl>cci~nens, I : I I~ not able to confirm tllc current distinction of this nominal species from Lz~cania parun. I,ucania nfinis Girard, 1859.-A synonym of ccnzistn and hence of parvn. Lzcazmia goodei Jordan, 1879.-Transfexred by Gasman to Fundulus and by Fowler made the type of a distinct subgenus, Chriopeops, ~v l~i c h lately has been recognized a s a distinct genus. I7etcra1~d1-ia omn~?~lcct<a Jordtrn, 1884.-While retaining this species in Lucania, Myers has latcly erected for i t tllc new subgcnus J,cptoluc:unia.l Tl~is, subgen~ls sl~ould he elevatcd to generic ranlr. Zygowectes mnnt1i.i Hay, 1885.-A synonym of ovtmntn. Lucnnia brozu~zi. Jordan and Richardson, 1907.2 A species of Cypri~rodon, the tcetll of thc typc being tricuspid, instead of "sha~:p, pointed, rqual" as erroncnuslp claimed in thc typc description. 5. Lucai.ziu parva Baird and Girard So far as apparent from a study of large series of specimens from many localities throughout the lrilown range 01 the genus, the variation in depth of body held to distinguish ~irntcsin lrom parvn has no clear geographic correlation. Some 01 the slenderest specimens come lrom near the northern end of the range of p n~t l u , which is supposed to be the deepbodied form. Coascq~~ently, Lzcccxlzin vc?zzistn and L. afi7zi.s are rcgardcd as synonyinons wit11 Luctr?tia parun Myers has recently colnc to the same conclusioii (The Fish Culturist, 4, 1925, p. 370). Genus 6. F % L~~~I~, Z Z I S Lackpcde At present there appear to be no cl~aracters by which the gcilus Fundulus, as currently restricted, may he satisfactorily divided, either illto snbgencra or genera. As in Lucania, Chriopeops and Plancterus, the urogenital opening of the female is surrounded by a diagnostic membranous pouch, which embraces the Front of the anal fin. I n most 01 the species the pouch is extended for but a short distailce along the front of the anal fin, whereas in others, kelc~oclli?cs and its subspecies or allies, including "nisoritcs" (the last-named ascribed, probably by error, to West ATrica), the pouch is contracted and extended to form a tube along the front of the fin. I n some mature specimens of gr(~?zdis, howcver, the tube is developed hardly better than in some of nzajalis. This species is divisahle into several subspecies.
The identity of Pethia punctata , a senior synonym of P. muvattupuzhaensis (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)
Francis Day described Pethia punctata from Cochin, on the Malabar (south western) coast of India. Although, the species is now recovered from its synonymy with P. ticto, an accurate diagnosis and description have been lacking. A redescription of P. punctata based on external morphology, osteology and genetics is provided, which revealed that P. muvattupuzhaensis, described from Muvattupuzha River, Ernakulam District, Kerala, India, is its junior synonym. Pethia punctata can be diagnosed from other known species in the genus by a combination of characters including lateral line complete, with 23-25 pored scales; 8 predorsal scales; ½4/1/3½ scales in transverse line; dorsal fin originating almost opposite to, or slightly before pelvic-fin origin; gill rakers 7 on first ceratobranchial; 4+26 total vertebrae; a small black humeral spot covering anterior half of the fourth scale of the row below the lateral-line row; two minute dark spots below the humeral spot; a prominent spot on the caudal peduncle, surrounded by a golden hoop covering scales 19-21 of the lateral-line row; and dorsal fin with 2-3 longitudinal rows of black spots, third row occupying only anterior portion of the fin.
Zootaxa, 2013
The identity and generic placement of Barbus mussullah Sykes, the type species of Hypselobarbus Bleeker, have for long been unclear, variously having been considered a synonym of Cyprinus curmuca Hamilton or a species of Tor Gray or Gonoproktopterus Bleeker. Here, through a re-examination of the original descriptions and the examination of specimens from western peninsular India, we redescribe H. mussullah and show that Hypselobarbus is a valid genus, of which Gonoproktopertus is a junior synonym. Hypselobarbus mussullah is distinguished from all other species of Hypselobarbus by possessing both rostral and maxillary barbels; having the last simple dorsal-fin ray weak and smooth; the lateral line complete, with 41 +1 pored scales; 9/1/4 scales in transverse line between origins of dorsal and pelvic fins; and 5½ scales between lateral line and anal-fin origin. Species of Hypselobarbus are distinguished from other genera of Cyprinidae by possessing long, branched gill rakers and the anal fin distally rounded in adults. Hypselobarbus canarensis was found to be a valid species and H. kurali is considered its synonym. Hypselobarbus canarensis can be distinguished from all congeners by possessing both rostral and maxillary barbels; having the last simple dorsal-fin ray weak and smooth; the lateral line complete, with 40-42+1 pored scales; ½7-½8/1/3½ scales in transverse line from dorsal-fin origin to pelvic-fin origin; 4½ scales between lateral line and anal-fin origin. Hypselobarbus kolus is considered a synonym of H. curmuca, which is redescribed: it is distinguished from all congeners by possessing maxillary barbels only; the last simple dorsalfin ray weak and smooth; 41-43+1 lateral-line scales; 9-10/1/4½-5 scales in transverse line between origins of dorsal and pelvic fins; and 5½-6 scales between lateral line and anal-fin origin.
The genus Cyprinion, of the family Cyprinidae, is distributed only in Asia. There are nine species in this genus, amongst which, five are reported from Iran. The species C. kais, C. macrostomum and C. tenuiradius were reported from Karkheh and Karun River basins. Based on various reports, their taxonomy is uncertain. In this study, 282 specimens of C. macrostomum and 24 specimens of C. kais from Karkheh River basin (Do-Ab, Gamasiab, Saimare, Kashkan, Chardavol and Karkheh Rivers) and Godarkhosh River in Ilam province were caught, then fixed, freezed or transported alive to Ichthyological Laboratory, Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology. To study the taxonomy of the specimens, morphological, osteological and karyological traits were used. Parametric and non-parametric methods for comparison of means and Factor Analysis for separation of groups were used. The last dorsal fin spine in C. kais was longer than in C. macrostomum (the SD ± average of dorsal fine height relative to standard length were 0.19 ± 0.02 and 0.18 ± 0.01, respectively). The posterior spinules of last dorsal spine in C. macrostomum were equal in size, but different in C. kais and its tip was softer and more flexible than in C. macrostomum. The mouth form in C. kais was narrow and highly arched, but in C. macrostomum it was wide and less arched (the SD ± average of mouth radius relative to mouth width were 0.39 ± 0.06 and 0.28 ± 0.04, respectively). The joint between the two dentaries in C. kais were weaker than in C. macrostomum and the maxillary and premaxillary in C. kais were more arched than in C. macrostomum. The diploid number in both taxa was 2n = 50; in C. kais included eight metacentric, 10 submetacentrics and seven acro and telocentric chromosome pairs and FN = 86; and in C. macrostomum included four metacentric, 13 submetacentric and eight telocentric chromosome pairs and FN = 84. There were no significant differences between the biometrical characteristics in the two taxa in other characters (p > 0.05). Based on the observed differences in chromosomal formulae, mouth characteristics, and the last dorsal fin spine, the two taxa, C. kais and C. macrostomum are distinguished at least as subspecies. Although the two taxa could also be distinguishable at species level, they are not completely separated as good species, possibly, due to their recent speciation.
Puntius nelsoni, a new species of the family cyprinidae, is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: body and fins yellowish; a narrow bluish green mark present on summit of occiput; a thin black band present outer to operculum; barbels short and never reach orbit; head wide and deep; snout shorter; vent located away from ventral fin origin; caudal peduncle long; scales between lateral line and dorsal fin 5 ½ and pre dorsal scales 9. Systomus chryseus, new species, differs from its relative species in having an unusually elongated body, golden to yellowish golden color on flanks, pectoral, pelvic and anal fins orange red; pectoral fin long and its tip reaches origin of ventral fin; lateral line scales 29-30 and pre dorsal scales 11. Systomus rufus, new species, differs from its congeners in having a deeper body; dorsal fin situated nearer to caudal fin base than snout tip and a little behind ventral origin; dorsal fin green and other fins red; 11-12 pre dorsal scales, 30 lateral line scales and 6½ scales between lateral line and dorsal fin base. The new species of fishes are described and compared with its related species