Diet of Crossodactylus timbuhy (Anura: Hylodidae) in the Reserva Biológica Augusto Ruschi, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil (original) (raw)
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Feeding ecology of Crossodactylus schmidti (Anura: Hylodidae) in southern Brazil. Zoological Studies 51(4): 484-493. The diet of the frog Crossodactylus schmidti was studied from Sept. 2009 to Mar. 2010 in the Turvo State Park, a locality of mesophytic semideciduous forest in southern Brazil, based on 93 stomach contents obtained by stomach-flushing (n = 80) and analysis of preserved specimens (n = 13). In addition to describing the diet, we determined the niche breadth on the basis of prey categories, and calculated electivities to evaluate the relation between the diet and prey availability in the environment. We also tested for differences in diets between sexes and between adults and juveniles. Crossodactylus schmidti consumed 19 categories of prey, of which ants, beetles, and dipterans had the highest importance values. Despite the varied diet, the niche breadth was narrow, with only a few prey categories being consumed predominantly. Ants, dipterans, and spiders were consumed in proportions similar to those estimated in the environment. There was no relationship between mouth width and length/volume of prey consumed, but there were significant sexual and age differences in the diet composition. Males consumed 18 prey categories, and females consumed 15; juveniles consumed 13 prey categories, and adults consumed 19. Despite differences in diet compositions between the sex and age groups, ants were the most important prey for all of them. Considering the varied diet and relationships between some of the most important items in the diet with their availability in the environment, C. schmidti can be characterized as an opportunistic feeder with feeding habits similar to those of other Crossodactylus species. Similarities in the importance of prey items such as ants, beetles, dipterans, and insect larvae in the diet of C. schmidti and other Hylodidae species are discussed. http://zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/Journals/51.4/484.pdf
Diet of the Neotropical frog Leptodactylus mystaceus (Anura: Leptodactylidae)
Leptodactylus mystaceus is distributed throughout Brazil and no information is available about its diet. Here, we analyzed the diet of L. mystaceus from Novo Progresso, Pará, Brazil. We extracted the stomachs of 25 specimens. For each prey category, we calculated the frequency (Fi%), volume (Vi%) and Feeding Index (IAi). Among the specimens analyzed, seven (28%) had empty stomachs and the other ingested eight prey categories (Araneae, Blattodea, Coleoptera, Dermaptera, Diptera adults, Diptera larva, Formicidae, and Lepidoptera), and large amounts of plant material. This suggests that L. mystaceus is a generalist species and Dermaptera was the most representative component of its diet.
… -WESTERN JOURNAL OF …, 2010
Frogs are part of the diet of many invertebrates, fish, reptiles, birds, mammals and even other species of amphibians. However, the natural predators of many species of frogs have not been documented in published reports. We report records of predation of Crossodactylus schmidti occurring in Turvo State Park, located in the northwestern region of Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil. Four species preyed on adults of C. schmidti: two pit vipers, a spider and a crab. As part of the diet of diurnally and nocturnally active vertebrate and invertebrate predators, C. schmidti must play an important role in the stability of its predators' populations.
Haddadus binotatus is an endemic anuran of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and currently, there is no information about the diet of this species. We analyzed the diet of two populations of this anuran in two states in southeast Brazil. Samplings were carried out in 2004 in the state of Rio de Janeiro and in 2009 and 2010 in the state of Espírito Santo. Haddadus binotatus presented a rich diet composition, preying 19 prey types. Orthoptera, Coleoptera, and Blattodea were the most important preys in the Rio de Janeiro population, and Orthoptera, Araneae and Hemiptera were the most important in the Espírito Santo population. The diet composition differed numerically between the two localities, but not in terms of volume, which can reflect local differences in the prey availability in the two habitats. The jaw width limited the size of prey, which is expected for predators who swallow the preys without chewing. The proportion of individuals with empty stomachs was higher in the Rio de Janeiro population (39.2%) than in the Espírito Santo population (17.9%), suggesting that the former could be in a lower energy balance. The females of the species were larger than the males, which may result from the production of larger eggs.
Diet of three sympatric Physalaemus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Brazilian semiarid region
2021
Studies on the use of food resources and trophic niche of different species can help understand ecological relationships. In this study, we evaluated the diet of three sympatric species of Physalaemus from the Brazilian semiarid. We analyzed a total of 264 individuals, being 100 specimens of Physalaemus albifrons, 93 of P. cicada, and 71 of P. cuvieri. Seven prey categories were recorded: three for P. cicada and P. albifrons, and six distinct categories for P. cuvieri. The orders Coleoptera, Isoptera and the family Formicidae were the most representative categories in the diet of P. cicada, P. cuvieri, and P. albifrons, respectively. Although there is a high trophic niche overlap, differences in preference for food categories may reduce potential competition in these frog species from the Caatinga.
Temporal and spatial changes in the diet of Hyla pulchella (Anura, Hylidae) in southern Uruguay
Phyllomedusa: Journal of Herpetology, 2004
Temporal and spatial changes in the diet of Hyla pulchella (Anura, Hylidae) in southern Uruguay. In this article we report the diet of a population of the hylid frog Hyla pulchella from southeastern Uruguay. We collected the specimens in ponds, where we identified microenvironments defined by the invertebrate assemblage, during one year divided into two seasons (warm and cold). We taxonomically determined 10365 invertebrates belonging to 21 categories in the digestive tracts of frogs. We estimated the diversity of the diet and alimentary preference according to microenvironments and seasons. We estimated the expected richness of both diet and prey availability using a null model based on the hypergeometric distribution. We performed Discriminant Analyses and Kruskal-Wallis tests to detect changes in prey availability among microenvironments and between seasons. The overall diet in terms of frequencies was composed primarily of arthropods (mainly Araneae, Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Coleoptera) and in terms of volume, by larvae. The most relevant items to study the microenvironmental and seasonal variation in the available preys were Araneae, Collembola, Homoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, Dictioptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and larvae. Based on the null model curves and preference indexes we inferred positive selection by larvae, Isopoda, Dictioptera, Lepidoptera, and Diptera, and negative selection by Collembola and Hymenoptera. The diversity of diet and the null model curves indicated that the diet changes among microenvironments and seasons. This frog may be considered as a middle generalist predator, with some selective behavior and a combined search strategy (active and sit-and-wait). We conclude that the knowledge about the availability of preys is a relevant tool for trophic studies.
Feeding ecology of endemic frogs of the Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2022
Our objective was to describe and compare the diet of endemic anurans of the Atlantic Forest, as well as to evaluate the influence of biotic factors on the trophic ecology of the species. We conducted the study in Mananciais da Serra (Piraquara-PR), a transition region between mixed and dense ombrophilous forest, between January 2019 and February 2020. In this work, we describe the diet of eight species: Aplastodiscus albosignatus, Boana semiguttata, Bokermannohyla circumdata, Ischnocnema henselii, Leptodactylus notoaktites, Proceratophrys boiei, Rhinella abei and Scythrophrys sawayae. Coleoptera were important prey in the diet of most species, except for B. circumdata and L. notoaktites. All species showed potential selection for some category of prey. We observed a correlation between the size of the individuals and the volume of consumed prey in I. henselii. In general, the niche overlap between species was low, and most species had a broad trophic niche.
Rev. Esp. Herp, 2004
The foraging strategies of amphibians allow them to capture a wide variety of prey, diet variation being generally associated with morphological, physiological, and behavioral traits that facilitate the location, identification, and digestion of food items. Herein we present the diet composition of L. podicipinus and variations regarding the number and type of prey consumed by juveniles, males and females during the wet and dry seasons, in the southern Pantanal, Brazil. Sampling was conducted at three different times during the dry season, and three different times during the wet season between June 1998 and May 1999. The quantitative analysis showed that the diet of L. podicipinus is composed mainly by Coleoptera (51.0%), Hymenoptera (9.1%), Diptera (8.7%), Aranae (5.3%), and Orthoptera (4.7%). In the wet season, males captured more prey than juveniles and females, but in the dry season there were no differences. Males and females ingested larger prey compared to juveniles. The frog L. podicipinus is an opportunist and generalist predator, and the availability of prey in the environment may be an important factor determining its diet composition in the Pantanal.
Feeding habits of the Robber Frog Pristimantis paulodutrai (Bokermann, 1975) in northeastern Brazil
Biota Neotropica, 2021
Studying feeding habits is crucial to understand complex predator-prey interactions. Even though anurans play a fundamental role in the control of arthropods populations, the diet of several Neotropical species is poorly known. We describe the frequency and occurrence of prey items and their dry mass in stomach contents of the Robber Frog Pristimantis paulodutrai in the north east of the state of Bahia, Brazil. Based on the stomach contents of 30 individuals, Araneae, Isopoda, and Formicidae were found to be the most important food items. The generalist diet of this frog, which seems to be phylogenetically conserved among Pristimantis, is likely to be linked to its ecological dominance in the habitats surveyed. Our study corroborates the high trophic relevance of Robber Frogs in tropical forests as generalist predators.