Assessment of Salmonella, Escherichia Coli, Enterobacteriaceae and Aerobic Colony Counts Contamination Levels During the Beef Slaughter Process (original) (raw)
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Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2017
Salmonella spp. is a pathogenic microbial contaminant in beef of worldwide importance. It has the ability to colonize the gastrointestinal tract of animals without producing any clinical sign. It may lead to infections in human when the contaminated meat was consumed. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the contamination of Salmonella spp. on beef carcasses and meat contact surfaces at selected abattoirs in Selangor, Malaysia. A total of 152 swabs from beef carcasses (n = 104) and meat contact surfaces (n = 48) were collected from the selected abattoirs in October 2015 to June 2016. The collected samples were examined for total viable count and prevalence of Salmonella spp. Salmonellapositive samples were confirmed by routine biochemical tests and Gram staining. The results showed that all samples contained an average viable count of 4.56 ± 1.23 Log CFU/cm 2. The overall prevalence of Salmonella spp. was 21.05% which beef carcasses and meat contact surfaces contributed 11.18% and 9.87%, respectively to the overall prevalence. The prevalence of Salmonella spp. on meat contact surfaces was higher than that on beef carcasses could be attributed to poor hygienic practices at the abattoirs. However, despite a lower prevalence of Salmonella spp. on the beef carcasses, beef could still be a potential vehicle for foodborne infections. This study suggests implementation of preventive measures and good hygienic practices at abattoirs in order to avoid cross-contamination on beef prepared for retail markets.
Journal of Food Protection, 1993
Aerobic plate counts of 3,455 brisket and 1,370 ground beef samples were examined for association with slaughter volume in 547 U.S. beef slaughter establishments. In general, high-volume beef slaughter establishments control total aerobic bacteria counts on briskets and ground beef more effectively than small volume establishments. The lower Aerobic plate counts at high slaughter volumes may have resulted from uniformity of cattle slaughtered, specialization of labor, measures taken to prevent contamination, and effective decontamination of carcasses in high-volume slaughter establishments. In this study the prevalence of Salmonella contamination was found to be more closely associated with the health of animals brought to slaughter than with certain conditions in the slaughter establishments. The prevalence of contamination of brisket and ground beef samples with Salmonella was highest in calf slaughter establishments. Salmonella contamination on brisket samples increased as antemo...
Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences, 2018
Background and Objective: Raw meats from animal carcasses are most frequently contaminated with bacteria during the slaughtering and dressing process. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the bacterial quality of raw meat from lamb, goat and beef carcasses immediately after slaughtering at butcher shops in Al-Mafraq city-Jordan.Materials and Methods: A total of 243 meat samples were aseptically cut from the hand, leg and back of carcasses at three butcher locations, designated as site-C (the central part of the city), site-N (the north side of the city) and site-S (the south side of the city). Samples were processed and then cultured on nutrient agar and xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar plates aerobically at 35 °C for 48 h for enumeration of bacteria and total Enterobacteriaceae count (TEC) by aerobic plate count (APC). APC and TEC were expressed as colony forming units per gram of meat (CFU/g).Results: APC and TEC in the raw meats ranged from 11.6-28.1 X 106 CFU/g on nutri...
Evaluation of Bacterial Contamination Sources in Meat Production Line
Journal of Food Quality, 2016
Bacterial contamination during slaughtering process is a safety problem and concern for shelf life in meat production. We compare two different slaughter lines, sheep and cattle samples from Iranian slaughterhouse using PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis for evaluation the sources of bacterial contaminations. Bacterial diversity was significantly different between and within cattle and sheep slaughter lines. Samples are contaminated most frequently with Salmonella enterica (28% and 30%), Enterococcus fecalis (18% and 20%), Escherichia coli (13% and 14%) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (8% and 6%), either on equipment surfaces after general cleaning and sanitizing treatments (56%). Biodiversity of carcasses samples is increased during skinning and evisceration process and may indicate similar sources of contamination from hides and rectums of the animal to carcasses and environment. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS 16S rDNA based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis-PCR is a method for assessment of microbial diversity, source of contaminations and changes of microbial population in slaughterhouses.
Microbiological Testing for the Proper Assessment of the Hygiene Status of Beef Carcasses
Microorganisms, 2019
Microbiological testing is an important quality management tool in the food industry. In this study, the hygiene status of beef carcasses sampled in eight Brazilian slaughterhouses was assessed by enumeration of different hygiene indicator microorganisms, and a model to establish potential associations among these counts was proposed. The carcasses (n = 464) were surface sampled at four slaughtering steps (step 1: Hide after bleeding; step 2: Carcass after hide removal; step 3: Carcass after evisceration; step 4: Carcass after end washing) and subjected to a counting of mesophilic aerobes (MA), Enterobacteriaceae (EB), total coliforms (TC), and Escherichia coli (EC) using Petrifilm™ plates. Among the sampled beef carcasses (step 4), 32 (6.9%) and 71 (15.3%) presented counts above the microbiological criteria established by (EC) No. 1441/2007 for MA and EB, respectively. Thus, indicating that improvements in slaughter hygiene and a review of process controls are demanded in some of t...
Veterinary World, 2021
Background and Aim: Pre-slaughter management and slaughter operations are considered critical factors for animal welfare and meat quality. Previous studies have found poor animal welfare management at municipal slaughterhouses in Ecuador, and little is known about how this affects the microbiological quality of the meat. Therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze the association of the microbiological quality of beef carcasses and animal welfare indicators in a municipal slaughterhouse in Ecuador. Materials and Methods: Data for 6 months were collected from a municipal slaughterhouse in Ecuador. Five trained researchers were strategically located along the slaughter process. A total of 351 animals were observed with regard to welfare indicators, and their carcasses were sampled to evaluate microbiological quality. Antemortem (slipping, falling, and vocalization) and postmortem animal welfare indicators (bleed interval, pH, temperature, and bruises) were measured. To determine the total aerobic bacteria (TAB) and Escherichia coli counts and the presence of Salmonella spp., we collected samples by swabbing four different points of each carcass. The association between microbiological quality and animal welfare indicators was studied using univariate and multivariate logistic regressions. Results: The mean TAB count was 5.3 log CFU/cm2, and the mean total count of E. coli was 2.4 log CFU/cm2. Salmonella spp. were isolated in 3.1% of the carcasses. An electric goad was used in all animals, 19.1% slipped at least once, and 19.9% vocalized. The mean pH of the carcasses was 7.2, and 79.2% of carcasses had bruises. Multivariate analysis showed that Salmonella spp. and the TAB count were associated with pH and the number of bruises (p = 0.01 in both cases). Conclusion: Although there was non-significant association between the majority of animal welfare indicators and microbiological quality, the poor management affecting animal welfare and carcass hygiene are worrisome.
The purpose of our work is to study the degree of superficial bacterial contamination of ovine and bovine carcasses at a slaughterhouse; quantitatively by counting the total viable and fecal coliform counts, and qualitatively by the research for Salmonella spp. at ovine carcasses and at 3 different bovine carcasses sites. Carcasses were examined just after eviscerating. Wet-dry double swab sampling was used. For ovine carcasses, we found a mean log TAVC of 3.11 cfu /cm 2 , and a mean log FCC of 2.55 cfu /cm 2. For bovine carcasses, the results showed that the brisket area and the posterior side of the foreleg were the most contaminated areas. Salmonella was isolated on 1 ovine (1.11%) and 7 bovine carcasses (10%). The predominant serotype was S. Anatum (76.9 %), followed by serotypes of arizonae subspecies (15.4 %), and S. Abortus ovis (7.7 %). Salmonella strains distribution on bovine carcasses showed a contamination rate of 58.33% for the foreleg, 33. 33% for the brisket and 8.33% for the rear leg. Our results reflect poor conditions of slaughtering and handling of carcasses, as well as hygiene deficiencies at El-Harrach slaughterhouse. The high prevalence of Salmonella spp. represents a real danger for the consumer.
Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, 2005
The ingestion of contaminated foods of animal origin has considerably increased the occurrence of food-borne diseases. Several bacterium species are deemed responsible for outbreaks of those diseases and the presence of such species in food processing plants depends on the proper hygiene routines there adopted. The aims of this study were: (i) to isolate and characterize the microorganisms present in a bovine slaughterhouse and processing/chilling environment, and (ii) to identify enterotoxigenic Escherihcia coli (ETEC) among isolates using the PCR amplification protocol. Out of the total 580 bacteria isolated and identified by biochemical assays, 168 were Staphylococcus aureus, 123 Escherichia coli, and 79 Corynebacterium vitarumem. The remaining belonged to the Bacillus spp. and Corynebacterium spp. genera, and to the Enterobacteriaceae family. The 123 bacteria identified as E. coli underwent a plasmid DNA extraction routine for the PCR assays. The results revealed 37 E. coli isolates to be positive for the ST gene, out of which 20 were correspondingly positive for the LT gene and 2 were only LT positive. The data evidenced the predominance of bacteria indicating faecal contamination and of bacteria found in bovine hides. The sampling sites of higher contamination were desks, in both the slaughterhouse and in processing/chilling plants inspected.