Tilburg University To what extent does the anxiety scale of the Four Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire ( 4 DSQ ) detect specific types of anxiety disorder in primary care ? (original) (raw)
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Depression and Anxiety, 2012
Background: Dimensional assessments are planned to be included as supplements to categorical diagnoses in DSM-V. The aim of this study was to examine the unidimensionality, reliability, validity, and clinical sensitivity of brief selfrated scales for specific anxiety disorders in an unselected German sample of consecutive attendees to a psychological clinic. These scales use a common template to assess core constructs of fear and anxiety. Methods: Dimensional scales for social anxiety disorder, specific phobia, agoraphobia, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder were administered along with established scales to 102 adults seeking treatment for mental health problems at a German university outpatient clinic for psychotherapy. The computer-assisted clinical version of the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to assess mental disorders according to DSM-IV criteria. Dimensionality and scale reliability were examined using confirmatory factor analyses. Convergent and discriminant validity were examined by testing differences in the size of correlations between each dimensional anxiety scale and each of the previously validated scales. Each dimensional scale's ability to correctly differentiate between individuals with versus without an anxiety diagnosis was examined via the area under the curve. Results: Analyses revealed unidimensionality for each scale, high reliability, and convergent and discriminant validity. Classification performance was good to excellent for all scales except for specific phobia. Conclusions: The application of the dimensional anxiety scales may be an effective way to screen for specific anxiety disorders and to supplement categorical diagnoses in DSM-V, although further evaluation and refinement of the scales (particularly the specific phobia scale) is needed. Depression and Anxiety 00:1-11, 2012.
Objectives: This paper introduces a new diagnostically oriented screening scale for anxiety disorders, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Anxiety scale (CESA), designed in parallel to the revised Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CESD-R). In this study, the CESA was used as a diagnostic screening tool for detecting the presence of anxiety disorder symptomatology ascertained by a clinical psychiatric evaluation based on the DSM-5 criteria. The CESA is designed to provide an overall evaluation of anxiety as well as to screen for four important anxiety disorders (agoraphobia, social phobia, blood-illness phobia, and panic disorder).
Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale
PsycTESTS Dataset, 2016
Objective-We examine the reliability and validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety-Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS)-which combines the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales-as a composite measure of depression and anxiety. Methods-Baseline data from 896 patients enrolled in 2 primary-care based trials of chronic pain and 1 oncology-practice based trial of depression and pain were analyzed. The internal reliability, standard error of measurement (SEM), and convergent, construct, and factor structure validity, as well as sensitivity to change of the PHQ-ADS were examined. Results-The PHQ-ADS demonstrated high internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha of 0.8 to 0.9) in all 3 trials. PHQ-ADS scores can range from 0 to 48 (with higher scores indicating more severe depression/anxiety), and the estimated SEM was approximately 3 to 4 points. The PHQ-ADS showed strong convergent (most correlations 0.7-0.8 range) and construct (most correlations 0.4-0.6 range) validity when examining its association with other mental health, quality of life and disability measures. PHQ-ADS cutpoints of 10, 20, and 30 indicated mild, moderate, and severe levels of depression/anxiety, respectively. Bi-factor analysis showed sufficient unidimensionality of the PHQ-ADS score. PHQ-ADS change scores at 3 months differentiated (P < .0001) between individuals classified as worse, stable, or improved by a reference measure, providing preliminary evidence for sensitivity to change. Conclusions-The PHQ-ADS may be a reliable and valid composite measure of depression and anxiety which, if validated in other populations, could be useful as a single measure for jointly assessing two of the most common psychological conditions in clinical practice and research.
BACKGROUND: Questionnaires may help in detecting and diagnosing anxiety disorders in primary care. However, since utility of these questionnaires in target populations is rarely studied, the Patient Health Questionnaire anxiety modules (PHQ) were evaluated for use as: a) a screener in high-risk patients, and/or b) a case finder for general practitioners (GPs) to assist in diagnosing anxiety disorders. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was performed in 43 primary care practices in the Netherlands. The added value of the PHQ was assessed in two samples: 1) 170 patients at risk of anxiety disorders (or developing them) according to their electronic medical records (high-risk sample); 2) 141 patients identified as a possible 'anxiety case' by a GP (GP-identified sample). All patients completed the PHQ and were interviewed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric interview to classify DSM-IV anxiety disorders. Psychometric properties were calculated, and a logistic regress...
Dimensional anxiety scales for DSM-5: Sensitivity to clinical severity
European Psychiatry, 2013
PurposePsychometric properties and clinical sensitivity of brief self-rated dimensional scales to supplement categorical diagnoses of anxiety disorders in the DSM-5 were recently demonstrated in a German treatment seeking sample of adults. The present study aims to demonstrate sensitivity of these scales to clinical severity levels.MethodsThe dimensional scales were administered to 102 adults at a university outpatient clinic for psychotherapy. Diagnostic status was assessed using the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview. To establish a wide range of clinical severity, we considered subthreshold (n= 83) and threshold anxiety disorders (n= 49, including Social Phobia, Specific Phobia, Agoraphobia, Panic Disorder, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder).ResultsIndividuals with either subthreshold or threshold anxiety disorder scored higher on all dimensional scales relative to individuals without anxiety. In addition, individuals with a threshold anxiety disorder scored highe...
Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2018
Objective The Outcome Questionnaire-45.2 (OQ-45) is a self-report measure of general psychological distress. Although intended to be transdiagnostic, the OQ-45 may be best conceptualized as a measure of depression; as such, its utility in assessing other symptoms such as anxiety is unclear. Method We examined scores on the OQ-45 in a sample of 329 patients with anxiety and related disorders, half of whom had cooccurring depression. Results Eighty-two percent of patients scored above the OQ-45 cutoff, whereas 18% were incorrectly screened out. Patients with cooccurring depression were more likely to score above the OQ-45 cutoff than nondepressed patients. Depression severity predicted many of the OQ-45 scales, even after controlling for anxiety severity. By contrast, most of the anxiety-specific measures failed to predict the OQ-45 after controlling for depression severity. Conclusions Findings suggest that the OQ-45 may not adequately capture anxiety symptoms and are discussed in terms of diagnostic screening and assessment.