Emulsion Liquid Membrane Extraction of Cerium Ions from Acidic Solution Using Cyanex 301 (original) (raw)
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Solvent Extraction Method for the Separation of Cerium(III) as
Extraction experiments for Ce+3 ion from aqueous phase by new laboratory prepared Azo derivation as complexation agent 4- [N-(5-methyl isoxazol-3-yl)benezen sulfonamide azo]-1- Naphthol (AMBN) shows the optimum conditions for this extraction method was (pH= 9) (10 minutes) shaking time and 100μg (1.5x10-4M) concentration of Ce+3 ion in aqueous phase. Organic solvents effect study shows there is not any linear relation between distribution ratio (D) for extraction of Ce+3 ion and dielectric constant (ε)for organic solvents used but there is un effect for organic solvent structure on the extraction of Ce+3 ion and distribution ratio (D) values. Stoichiometric studies demonstrated the more probable structure ion pair complex extracted for Ce+3 was 1:1 .
Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2019
In the present study, the solvent extraction of cerium (IV) from sulfate medium was investigated by Cyanex 272 and 301. The main objective was to increase our understanding of the behavior of analogous extractants, but different in donor atom, which were achieved by batch and kinetics investigations. This allows better selection of extractants for similar approaches in future works. The investigation of extraction kinetics using single drop columns provides this work with a simpler approach in term of overall procedure for the separation of cerium ions from aqueous solutions, which allows finding how experimental conditions control the rate of reaction. The effects of parameters such as pH, extractant concentration, organic to aqueous volume, and temperature were studied under batch conditions. The complete extraction of 200 mg L −1 Ce (IV) at pH of 4 was obtained either by Cyanex 272 or 301 diluted in kerosene. Results shows that regarding the structural substitution of oxygen with sulfur, Cyanex 272 has a better performance in a lower concentration, while Cyanex 301 shows higher extraction percentage at lower pH. The extraction by Cyanex 272 and 301 was exothermic and endothermic, respectively. Results of reaction kinetics revealed that by considering the correction of droplets residence time, the rate of extraction either by Cyanex 272 or 301 is independent of the height of the column. Thus, the effects of extractants and cerium concentrations along with the pH of aqueous solution allowed finding the rate of extraction. The cerium mass flux increased by droplet diameter, indicating the contribution of mass diffusion in the extraction.
Scientific Reports
Owing to the high toxicity of cerium toward living organisms, it is necessary to remove cerium from aqueous solutions. In this regard, the extraction of cerium (Ce (III)) from nitrate media by Cyanex 572 under different operating conditions was examined in this study. The effect of contact time, pH, extractant concentration, and nitrate ion concentration were investigated to characterize the extraction behavior of cerium and based on these outcomes, an extraction mechanism was suggested. The analysis of infrared spectra of Cyanex 572 before and after the extraction of cerium indicated that cerium extraction was performed via a cation-exchange mechanism. Then, the predictive models based on intelligent techniques [artificial neural network (ANN) and hybrid neural-genetic algorithm (GA-ANN)] were developed to predict the cerium extraction efficiency. The GA-ANN model provided better predictions that resulted higher R2 and lower MSE compared to ANN model for predicting the extraction e...
Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2014
BACKGROUND The extraction of cerium by hollow fiber supported liquid membrane using tri-octyl methyl ammonium chloride (TOMAC) as mobile carrier was studied and the result was compared with solvent extraction data. The effect of different parameters such as pH, flow rates, extractant, metal ion and strip solution concentration on cerium extraction was investigated. RESULTS These parameters were optimized for maximum cerium flux and were found to be: pH 1.0, 0.1 M TOMAC, 290 mL/min feed solution flow rate, 150 mL/min strip solution flow rate and 0.9 M H 2 SO 4 as strip solution. The parameters were also optimized for solvent extraction study. The number of stages and A:O ratio for extraction and stripping were determined from McCabe-Thiele diagrams. The extracted species was determined to be 3 4 2 3 3) () (SO Ce NCH R. The selective separation of cerium in presence of various other metal ions such as iron, copper, zinc, cobalt, nickel and manganese using HFSLM was carried out and the separation factor values were found to be in the order of α Ce/Fe < α Ce/Cu < α Ce/Mn < α Ce/Zn < α Ce/Co < α Ce/Ni. Finally high pure (99.99%) CeO 2 was prepared by stripping precipitation with oxalic acid and thermal decomposition at 900 o C for 1h. This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as
Metallurgical Research & Technology
The solvent extraction of Cerium(III) and Lanthanum(III) from nitric acid solution using the organophosphorous extractants Di-(2-ethyl hexyl) phosphate (D2EHPA) and di-2,4,4- trimethylpentyl phosphoric acid (Cyanex272) in kerosene was investigated. In this study, the magnitude of the extraction of Ce(III) was found to be more significant with Cyanex272 than D2EHPA. D2EHPA was found to be a better extractant for La(III). Among the two extractants, Cyanex272 was used for the separation of Ce from La in three stages with an extraction efficiency of 90.2% for Ce. A 556 mg/L Ce solution was used for the scrubbing of La with an efficiency of ≈34%, which required multi stage scrubbing. The study of thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy impart the exothermic and non-spontaneous process. The chemical speciation curves for lanthanum and cerium in the aqueous phase as a function of pH showed that the free La(III) and Ce(III) metal ion species were largely pr...
2017
Abstract—In the present work, emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) technique was applied for the extraction of cadmium(II) present in aqueous samples. Aliquat 336 (Chloride tri-Noctylmethylammonium) was used as carrier to extract cadmium(II). The main objective of this work is to investigate the influence of various parameters affected the ELM formation and its stability and testing the performance of the prepared ELM on removal of cadmium by using synthetic solution with different concentrations. Experiments were conducted to optimize pH of the feed solution and it was found that cadmium(II) can be extracted at pH 6.5. The influence of the carrier concentration and treat ratio on the extraction process was investigated. The obtained results showed that the optimal values are respectively 3% (Aliquat 336) and a ratio (feed: emulsion) equal to 1:1.
Removal of europium (III) from water by emulsion liquid membrane using Cyanex 302 as a carrier
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT, 2019
The present paper introduces a technical feasibility study of one of the most advanced extraction techniques (AETs); emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) on the removal of Europium(III) from aqueous solutions. The study aims to give a comprehensive account of various parameters that affected the ELM formation and stability for increasing the removal of Europium(III). The organic membrane phase of ELM consists of Span 80 as a surfactant, Cyanex 302 as a carrier, kerosene as a diluent and sulfuric acid solution as an internal aqueous phase. At the optimum conditions, the main variables studied which influenced the ELM stability and extraction of Europium(III) were the concentration of surfactant (3%), carrier (0.3%), internal phase (0.5 N H 2 SO 4), types of internal phase (H 2 SO 4 sulfuric acid), diluent (Kerosene), stirring speed (200 rpm), and the effect of volume ratios of the internal phase to the organic phase 1:1 (A/O) and of the emulsion to the feed solution 20/200 (Vem/Vext). Under most favorable conditions, all the Eu(III) molecules presented in the feed phase were extracted within 30 min in a manner that makes more than 92% of the Eu(III) molecules extracted within the first 10 min. The findings revealed that ELM treatment process represents a very interesting advanced separation process for the removal of Eu(III) from aqueous solutions.
2017
Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM) process is one of the alternative techniques to extract solutes from wastewater. It has been given considerable attention due to its advantages such as simultaneous extraction and recovery in a single step operation, non-equilibrium mass transfer, high fluxes, low energy consumption, reusability and high selectivity. The main concern in order to achieve high stability in the process is the size of internal droplets of primary emulsion. This study aims to investigate the affecting parameters such as concentration of surfactant, emulsification speed and emulsification time. ELM process containing bis(2,4,4- trimethylpentyl) monothiophosphinic acid (Cyanex 302) as a mobile carrier in kerosene and acidic thiourea as stripping agent was used. The stability results showed that 2.8 µm of droplet diameter was formed at favorable condition of 2 % w/v surfactant concentration, 12,000 rpm of emulsification within 3 min of emulsification time. At this condition, 8...
Emulsion Liquid Membrane for Cadmium Removal: Determination of Liquid Membrane Components
Journal of Physical Science, 2018
Removal of cadmium is very important as it is one of several harmful heavy metals commonly found in textile wastewater. This study focused on determination of emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) components for cadmium removal. Carrier, diluent and stripping selection was done by contacting feed phase (150 ppm cadmium) with organic solution at ratio of 1:1. Both solutions were mixed at 500 rpm for 24 h using magnetic stirrer, then the samples were allowed to settle and separate. The results of the study showed that in comparison with acid solution, basic solution containing trioctylamine (TOA), kerosene and NH 3 as the carrier, diluent and stripping agent, respectively provided the best performance for cadmium removal using ELM. In addition, the ordering of the extraction in terms of magnitude for the diluents was highly correlated with the polarity, solubility and viscosity. Low polarity and viscosity, and high solubility of the diluent are preferred.
Chemistry & Chemical Technology
The solvent extraction of cerium(III) from its sulfuric solution with di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid diluted by kerosene was investigated. Initially, a survey was conducted in order to identify the conditions influencing the solvent extraction process. Extractant concentration in the organic phase, organic phase to aqueous phase ratio, temperature, pH, and contact time were identified as important factors. Among these factors, the temperature and contact time were found less effective in comparison to other factors. Thus, a contact time of ten minutes for the two phases at room temperature of 298 K was chosen for all experiments. Design expert software was employed for designing the experiments, investigating the effects of the factors on the solvent extraction, statistical analysis, and obtaining the optimal values of the factors. It was established that the factors influencing the solvent extraction, except extractant concentration and organic phase to aqueous phase ratio, were independent and have no interaction on each other.