Study of Spindle Drives for Machining Centers with Computer Numerical Control (original) (raw)
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Study and Performance Improvement of the Drive Systems for a Class of Machine Tools
MATEC Web of Conferences
This paper deals with some problems in the modernization of a type of machine tools with multi–coordinate drive systems. The basic requirements to the drives of each coordinate axis and the spindle are presented. Using the analysis carried out, a practical approach to appropriate selection of the respective drives is applied. The methodology offered is illustrated with some examples for choice of drives with direct current and alternating current motors. Some experimental research of cases with different feed and spindle drives are described and discussed. Better capabilities of the modernized machines for processing more complex workpieces are achieved, at a relatively low price. This research and the obtained results can be used in the design and tuning of electric drives for the considered type of machines with numerical program control.
Methodology for Selection of Spindle Drives for Milling Machines
International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science, 2014
This paper describes a methodology for selection of spindle electric drives for milling machines with digital program control. The offered algorithm takes into account the technological process features, the tools used, the processed material, and the mechanical gear type. A concrete example has been presented, illustrating the practical application of this methodology. A number of models for computer simulation of electric drive systems with dual-zone speed regulation have been developed, allowing study at various reference speeds and loads applied to the motor shaft. The research held as well as the results obtained can be used in the development of such electric drives for the studied class of machine tools.
Study of spindle drives for boring machines
2019
This paper examines the main requirements for the electric drive systems of a class of boring machines with digital program control. On this basis, a methodology for choice of the spindle drives is offered. The algorithm takes into account the specific features of the technological processes, the treated materials, the tools used and their wear, as well as the mechanical gear types. The experimental studies of the implemented electric drives for the spindle are presented and discussed. The research carried out and the results obtained can be used in the development of such drives for the studied class of machine tools.
Methodology for Selection of Spindle Drives for Turning Machines
International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2018
This paper presents an approach to selection of spindle electric drives for a class of turning machines with digital program control. The offered algorithm takes into account the technological process features, the tools used, the processed material, and the mechanical gear type. Concrete examples for selection of spindle drives with DC and AC motors are presented, illustrating a practical application of the developed methodology. The research carried out as well as the results obtained can be used in the development of such electric drives with dual-zone speed regulation for the studied class of machine tools.
RECENT - REzultatele CErcetărilor Noastre Tehnice, 2019
This paper proves in theoretical and experimental terms the availability for scientific research of the active electrical power absorbed by a CNC machining centers during a transient regime of the spindle motor (start/stop on 10,000 rpm) electrically supplied by an AC/AC converter. A simple computer assisted experimental setup (with transformers placed on the electrical supply system of the converter, signals acquire system) and processing procedures are used in order to produce a correct approach of spindle motor and converter behaviour concluded in condition monitoring and diagnosis. Some relevant results were obtained in description of active electrical power (energy) absorption during acceleration and negative power absorbed during deceleration by electrical braking, in the description of instantaneous power constituents (voltage and current) and evolution in frequency domain by fast Fourier transform. An experimental approach on energy conversion efficiency (converter input electrical energy into output mechanical energy of spindle motor) was done. As an interesting topic for future, these research achievements are available in the research of mechanical loading (torque) during cutting processes (cutting tool and process condition monitoring).
STATIC AND DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF HIGH SPEED MOTORIZED SPINDLE
IRJET, 2022
In any machining center the spindle forms a vital component as it holds and rotates the cutting tool. As such, the modelling and analysis of this part of the machining center is crucial for successful design and subsequently manufacturing them. The dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the work piece in machining operation are of particular interest and the way the machine tool spindle influences these parameters is of great concern to the user. In the present work, the static and dynamic behavior of horizontal CNC machining center spindle is studied. The spindle is modelled in ANSYS and is analyzed for static and dynamic loading. The deflection curves and mode shapes are obtained at different cutting forces for EN24 and H13 materials.
Study of Two-Coordinate Electric Drives for Turning Machines
2018
The basic requirements for feed drives of turning machines with digital program control are formulated in this paper. The offered methodology for selection of such drives takes into account the specific features of the technological process, the processed material, the tools used, as well as the mechanical gear type. Concrete examples with DC and AC motor drives are presented, illustrating the practical application of this methodology. A number of models for computer simulation of two-coordinate electric drive systems have been developed, allowing study at various reference speeds, positions, and loads applied to the motor shafts. Detailed testing has been carried out by means of computer simulation and experimental research. The results obtained can be used in the design and tuning of such types of two-coordinate drive systems with position control.
Applied Sciences, 2018
A conventional manual lathe electric motor drives the multi-stage gearbox transmitting torque to the spindle so that the workpiece makes contact with the machine tool at a given speed. The cutting speed is proportional to both the diameter of the workpiece and the spindle speed, however, the increments in spindle speed are limited. Manual lathe machines cannot be regulated at the optimum cutting speeds for all diameters. An innovative modernization of the main driveline of a TSB16 manual lathe is proposed in this paper, allowing for a cost-effective system for digital control of spindle speeds using an inverter. The inverter is controlled using an 8-bit AO (analog output) converter with special software developed with Visual Basic. The results of the analysis and various test runs with this new system for automated control of spindle rotation, showed that the required cutting speed can be achieved for any workpiece diameter. The deviation of cutting-speed of the upgraded system for ...
International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2019
In this article, we present an experimental study on the speed stability of a spindle driven by a hydraulic motor, which is controlled by a proportional valve, through a V-belt transmission. The research includes the dynamic modeling of the transmission cluster and the transmission from the hydraulic motor to the working shaft via V-belt mechanism, together with the establishment of a mathematical model and fuzzy self-tuning PID controller model. In the model, the V-belt is assumed as an elastic module, and the friction coefficient and mass inertia moment of the hydraulic motor are considered as constant. The Matlab software is used to simulate the speed response of the hydraulic motor to the working shaft. Based on theoretical study, we resemble the experimental system and determine the parameters for the fuzzy self-tuning PID controller. We conduct experiment and investigate the speed stability of the working shaft from 300 to 1100 (rpm) based on transient response parameters such as the time delay, the setting time, the overshoot, and the rotation error at steady state. Thereby, in this study, the simulation and the experiment results are compared and evaluated regarding the speed stability of the working shaft driven by hydraulic motor transmitted through V-belt mechanism. The findings show the speed controllability by using proportional valve to manipulate the oil flow and applying a self-tuning PID controller to achieve very good results such as the error difference of 0.001 to 0.036%, the delay of 0.01 to 0.02 seconds, no overshoot, and the settling error less than 5% compared to the set values. On the other hand, we include the effect of the oil temperature of 40 to 80 ∘ C on the working shaft speed (500, 900 rpm) in this study and derive that the system works well at temperature range of 40 to 70 ∘ C. On these findings, we propose the applicability of this system on the current machinery cutters. In addition, we verify the effects of the hydraulic drive for main shaft, controlled by fuzzy PID, by comparison of the roughness of the machining work piece with respect to the one using the 3-phase motor drive.
Fuzzy control of spindle torque for industrial CNC machining
International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 2003
Developing a dedicated control system for each and every machining process or machine is costly and time-consuming. Such a practice has obviously undermined the usefulness of many current systems. This paper presents a fuzzy control system that can be used for different machining processes. This system consists of a basic fuzzy logic controller, a fuzzy rule base, and a tuning mechanism used to enhance the adaptability of the system. Industrial tests have been carried out for both end milling and turning processes. The control signal is spindle torque, readily available on many CNC machines. The test results show that the system performs well on both end milling and turning operations and can easily adapt to tool changes as well as workpiece material changes.