Bounds on Quantile Treatment Effects of Job Corps on Participants' Wages (original) (raw)
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Bounds on Average and Quantile Treatment Eects of Job Corps Training on Participants'Wages
2011
This paper assesses the e¤ect of the U.S. Job Corps (JC), the nations largest and most comprehensive job training program targeting disadvantaged youth, on wages. We employ partial identi cation techniques to construct nonparametric bounds for the average causal e¤ect and the quantile treatment e¤ects of the JC program on participantswages. Our preferred estimates point toward convincing evidence of positive impacts of JC on participantswages throughout the conditional wage distribution, falling between 1.5 and 15.5 percent. Furthermore, when breaking up the sample into demographic subgroups, we nd that the programs e¤ect on wages varies, with Black participants in the lower part of the wage distribution likely realizing larger impacts relative to Whites, whose larger impacts occur in the upper part of their distribution. Non-Hispanic Females in the lower part of the wage distribution do not observe statistically signi cant positive e¤ects of JC on
Bounds on Average and Quantile Treatment Effects of Job Corps Training on Wages
Journal of Human Resources, 2013
We assess the effectiveness of Job Corps (JC), the largest job training program targeting disadvantaged youth in the United States, by constructing nonparametric bounds for the average and quantile treatment effects of the program on wages. Our preferred estimates point toward convincing evidence of positive effects of JC on wages both at the mean and throughout the wage distribution. For the different demographic groups analyzed, the statistically significant estimated average effects are bounded between 4.6 and 12 percent, while the quantile treatment effects are bounded between 2.7 and 11.7 percent. Furthermore, we find that the program's effect on wages varies across quantiles and groups. Blacks likely experience larger impacts in the lower part of their wage distribution, while Whites likely experience larger impacts in the upper part of their distribution. Non-Hispanic Females show statistically significant impacts in the upper part of their distribution but not in the lower part.
2017
Using data from a randomized evaluation of the Job Corps (JC) training program, we estimate nonparametric bounds for average and quantile treatment effects of training on employment and unemployment duration. Under relatively weak assumptions, we bound these effects addressing three pervasive problems in randomized evaluations: sample selection, censoring, and noncompliance. The first arises when the individuals’ decision to experience employment or unemployment spells is endogenous and potentially affected by the program. Censoring arises when the duration outcome is fully observed only for individuals who have completed a full spell by the end of the observation period, with the extent of censoring being potentially affected by training. Noncompliance is present when some assigned participants do not receive training and some assigned nonparticipants receive training. Ignoring these issues would yield biased estimates of the effects. Our results indicate that JC training increases...
Going beyond LATE : Bounding Average Treatment Effects of Job Corps Training
Journal of Human Resources
Going Beyond LATE: Bounding Average Treatment Effects of Job Corps Training * We derive nonparametric sharp bounds on average treatment effects with an instrumental variable (IV) and use them to evaluate the effectiveness of the Job Corps (JC) training program for disadvantaged youth. We concentrate on the population average treatment effect (ATE) and the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT), which are parameters not point identified with an IV under heterogeneous treatment effects. The main assumptions employed to bound the ATE and ATT are monotonicity in the treatment of the average outcomes of specified subpopulations, and mean dominance assumptions across the potential outcomes of these subpopulations. Importantly, the direction of the mean dominance assumptions can be informed from data, and some of our bounds do not require an outcome with bounded support. We employ these bounds to assess the effectiveness of the JC program using data from a randomized social experiment with non-compliance (a common feature of social experiments). Our empirical results indicate that the effect of JC on eligible applicants (the target population
of LaborBounds on Average and Quantile Treatment Effects of Job Corps Training on Wages
2011
Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to enco...
2005
We develop semiparametric and instrumental-variables approaches to self-selection problems in comparisons of wage inequality between educational groups. We propose new estimators to identify the causal effect of college education on scale parameters of wage distributions, using symmetry conditions on the joint distribution of outcome and selection errors, along with kernel weighting schemes. A simulation study indicates that the proposed estimators perform well in finite samples. We illustrate these methods with a well-known study by , using college proximity as an instrument for schooling. Estimation results suggest that college education significantly increased the degree of wage inequality in 1976.