Prediction of hybrid performance based on the genetic distance of parental lines in two-line rice ( Oryza sativa L.) hybrids (original) (raw)
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Genetic diversity analysis of parental lines for hybrid development in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 2013
Genetic divergence of 40 parental lines comprising 30 restorer and 10 maintainer lines were studied through Mohalanobis's D2 and principal component analysis for eleven characters. Genotypes were grouped into five different clusters. Cluster V comprised maximum number of genotypes (thirteen) followed by cluster I and II. The inter-cluster distance was maximum between clusters I and V (13.495) indicating wide genetic diversity between these two clusters followed by the distance between cluster I and 11 (9.489), cluster IV, and cluster V (8.969) and cluster I and cluster III (8.039). The minimum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and cluster III (3.034) followed by cluster 111 and cluster IV (3.834) and cluster II and cluster V (4.945) indicating that the genotypes of these clusters were genetically close. The intra cluster distance in the entire five clusters was more or less low which indicated that the genotypes within the same cluster were closely related. ...
Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2019
Knowledge of genetic diversity and potential heterotic relationships among parental lines is of significant importance in hybrid rice breeding programs. In the present study, in order to understand the genetic diversity among 96 parental lines, they were characterized for their diversity with respect to their morphological traits (n = 12) and molecular markers using a set of 50 SSR markers. Morphological diversity was estimated using Mahalanobis D 2 statistics in terms of generalized group distance. Based on morphological diversity analysis, the 96 lines were grouped into 5 major and 13 monogenotypic clusters. In molecular marker analysis, the parental lines were consistently clustered into B (Maintainer group) and R (Restorer group) groups based on distance and model based approaches. Strong correspondence was observed between the pedigree of parental lines with molecular genotyping based grouping than morphological trait based grouping. From the results of the present investigation, it is evident that the available diversity among the two groups i.e., maintainer group (B) and restorer group (R) is sufficient for developing heterotic hybrids, but within the maintainer and restorer groups, the diversity is limited, the diversity among restorers was moderate, while it was low among the maintainers and hence efforts are needed for broadening their genetic base of parental lines for development and adoption of high-yielding hybrids.
Informatika Pertanian, 2017
Selection of parents based on their combining ability is an effective approach in hybrid breeding. Four CMS and four restorer lines were crossed in line x tester mating design to obtain 16 F1 hybrids rice. The 8 parental lines and 16 hybrids rice were planted in randomized complete block design with three replications at Kuningan and Muara field station of ICRR during 2012-2013. The results revealed that mean squares for GCA were significant for number of fertile spikelet per panicle, a thousand-grains weight, and 50% days of flowering. Mean squares for SCA were significant for plant height and grain yield. Parental lines exhibited the highest GCA effects for GMJ12A (line) and CRS703 (tester) for grain yield trait and revealed good potential to be used as parents for hybrid rice. Among all the crosses, GMJ6A/CRS707 and GMJ12A/CRS707 showed the greatest positive SCA effects for grain yield and had heterosis over better parent and midparent.
The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
The association of parental divergence based on simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers and heterosis in 96 rice (Oryza sativa L) hybrids was investigated for yield and component traits under four environments. Hybrids were derived from four cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines and 24 iso-cytoplasmic restorers (ICR). The genetic distance (GD) and heterosis were significantly correlated for the number of productive tillers per plant (0.537) and panicle length (0.386) in Delhi under early sowing. Under late sowing, negative correlations were also observed (-0.435, -0.401) with pollen fertility percentage. The GD and heterotic performance of hybrids were significantly correlated for panicle length (r=0.35) and number of effective tillers per plant (r=0.51). At Karnal, significant association between GD and hybrid grain yield (0.615) was observed. Besides, insignificant correlations were observed for some other traits at different locations. The non-significant correlations indicated the ...
Parental Diversity and Its Relationship with Performance of F1 Hybrid in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 2021
The present investigation was carried out including 10 parents and their 45 half diallel crosses with the objective to study the relationship between heterosis and diverse genotype. The Mahalonobis D2values resulted in grouping of 10 parents into 3 clusters. Cluster I was comprised of four genotypes, cluster II comprised of five genotypes while, cluster III was found monogenotypic. Cluster II and Cluster III had maximum mean values for 4 traits. Highest intercluster distance was also observed in these 2 cluster followed by cluster I and III . Maximum intra cluster distance was observed in cluster II followed by cluster I. The highest contribution in the manifestation of total genetic divergence was exhibited by grain iron content followed by grain zinc content. The relationship between parental diversity and heterosis indicated that majority of crosses belong to moderate divergence class. The cross P4×P5 exhibiting better parent heterosis for maximum traits also exhibited at par mea...
Plant Breeding, 2007
Presence of substantial heterosis and economic hybrid seed production are two most desirable components for success of any commercial hybrid breeding programme. Thermosensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) lines of rice, in this regard, have tremendous potential in realizing further quantum jump in yield and economical hybrid seed cost. Analyses for combining ability and heterosis over optimum (120N : 60P 2 O 5 : 40K 2 O kg/ha) and high (200N : 90P 2 O 5 : 60-K 2 O kg/ha) fertility environments for six traits were made in 2 years (2001 and 2002) using 120 hybrids of inter-and intra-subspecific nature derived from hybridization of 30 elite indica TGMS lines and four cultivars, viz., ÔPant Dhan 4Õ and ÔAjayaÕ (I ¼ indica), ÔTaichung 65Õ (J ¼ japonica) and ÔIR 65598-112-2Õ (TJ ¼ tropical japonica) in line • tester mating design. Predominance of non-additive genetic variance suggested good prospects of hybrid breeding. Pooled analysis revealed highly significant variances for lines, general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA) and line x tester. TGMS line 365-8S was the best general combiner for all the six traits including grain yield. Trend of relative mid-parent heterosis for grain yield, panicle length, grain number per panicle and earliness in flowering was I/TJ > I/J > I/I. For panicle number per plant and 1000-grain weight, trends were I/TJ > I/I > I/J and I/I > I/TJ > I/J, respectively. Grain yield recorded heterosis of 49.3%, 71.9% and 92.7% for I/I, I/J and I/TJ hybrid groups respectively. Effect of environments on the hybrid performance indicated better response of hybrids at high fertilizer dose. Study suggests greater prospects of combining improved japonica and tropical japonica germplasms having wide compatible gene with indica TGMS lines for exploitation of intersubspecific heterosis.
Development of new rice hybrids with high-yielding and superior in grain quality is the most important goal to enhance food security as well as to achieve consumer requirements. High seed costs and poor grain quality are the major limiting factors for the adoption of hybrid rice. A practical way to improve hybrid seed quality and to increase production is possible to increase the seed setting rate through improving the floral traits for parental lines. In the context, the study was conducted at the Rice Farm and Laboratories of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt in consecutive three rice growing seasons in 2015, 2016 and 2017. The study focused mainly on the characterization of the new promising hybrid ‘G46A/GZ9399R’ and its parental lines. The cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line and restorer line were evaluated for twenty-three floral traits that influence the outcrossing rate in hybrid rice under two seasons and there was marked stability for most of these traits. As compared with commercial check variety ‘Giza 178’, the new promising hybrid ‘G46A/GZ9399R’ showed its superiority in all agro-morphological traits except plant height. This hybrid was very early, adopted widely and recorded 20.19% more yield than commercial check variety ‘Giza 178’. Instead, this hybrid produced superiority in all grain quality properties except grain length was medium grain and amylose content was equal for both studied genotypes compared to the check variety. In parallel, the assessment of genetic purity established the SSR markers RM154, RM331, and RM297, amplified alleles specific to differentiate parental lines of hybrid ‘G46A/GZ9399R’.
Choice of parents for developing two line hybrids in rice (Oryza sativa L
An investigation was carried out to evaluate two line hybrids in rice for yield traits. Four TGMS lines and eleven testers were crossed in line x Tester design. Greater proportion of sca variance was observed for all the characters which revealed that preponderance of non-additive gene action governing traits concerned and selection procedures based on the accumulation of additive effects would be successful in improving these traits. The line TS09 24 and testers viz., T 2006, KDML 105, Improved white ponni and BPT 5204 were found to be good combiners for the yield and yield components. The best hybrids based on sca value, TNAU 27S x Improved white ponni was derived from low x low combiners for thousand grain weight and TS 29 X ADT 38 for the number of filled grains per panicle spikelet fertility. The best performing hybrid TS 29 x KDML 105 produced 54.25g of grain yield per plant in 128 days which was 92.89 and 85.47 per cent increase over the standard checks CORH 3 and Improved white ponni respectively. This hybrid also recorded 27.32 and 64.30 per cent increase CORH 3 and Improved white ponni for thousand grain weight. Hence, the two line hybrid breeding system, utilizing thermo sensitive genic male sterility is economically feasible as well as viable alternative to cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) based three line breeding due to much simplified hybrid seed production.
Molecular breeding plays an important role in sustainable agriculture development. Hybrid rice technology aims to increase the yield potential of rice beyond the level of inbred high-yielding varieties (HYVs) by exploiting the phenomenon of hybrid vigour or heterosis. Improvement of hybrid rice parental line is necessary to meet the food security problem. Parental polymorphism was carried with 215 SSR markers between five recurrents and ten donors. During the foreground selection, both reported markers (S5-Indel and BF-S5) were validated for wide compatibility, 2 out of 14 (ART5 and SC3) validates for submergence tolerance, one out of two (RM5) validate for stigma exsertion, whereas 2 of 3 markers (RM5970, RM3476) validated for elongated uppermost internode traits between recurrents and donors. For background selection, maximum polymorphic markers (112) between IR58025eB i.e improved maintainer line with elongated uppermost internode and Oryza meridionalis and minimum polymorphic markers (42) between IR79156B and IR91-1591- 3 were found. Marker-assisted backcrossing accelerate, the transfer of gene of interest in desirable genetic background. Genotypes IR58025B and IR58025eB emerged as genetically most similar with a value of 97%. The genotypes IR64 Sub1 and Oryza meridionalis were found most divergent showing 33% genetic similarity. Dissimilarity coefficient of the generated information obtained on genetic relatedness would be supportive in further rice breeding program.
Genetic analysis to assess the physiological efficiency of parental lines in rice (oryza sativa L.)
Electronic Journal of …, 2009
Information on physiological potential of the genotypes is more important in the crop improvement programme, to evolve hybrids suitable for aerobic cultivation. Four CMS lines and 22 male parents were subjected to combining ability analysis and evaluated to identify the best combining parents for developing rice hybrids suitable for aerobic condition. The investigation was carried out under aerobic condition using the line x tester mating design in three replications and studied for different biometrical and physiological traits. The aerobic rice culture IR 72875-94-3-3-2 had high per se performance for grain yield, yield traits followed by higher harvest index, SPAD values, relative water content, total dry matter and root dry weight. The other genotype IR 71604-4-1-4-7-10-2-1-3 had superior performance for grain yield and for most of the yield contributing traits, relative water content and root length. The hybrids involving IR 72875-94-3-3-2 namely IR 68886A x IR 72875-94-3-3-2, IR 68888A x IR 72875-94-3-3-2 and COMS 14A x IR 72875-94-3-3-2 had higher grain yield under aerobic condition. Similarly PSBRC 80, the male parent best suited for aerobic condition had better performance for most of the traits like harvest index, high relative water content, total dry matter production, root dry weight and grain yield. PSBRC 82, the other aerobic culture also had, higher harvest index, leaf chlorophyll content, relative water content and grain yield. The female parents IR 68888A and COMS 14A and the male parents IR55838-B2-2-3-2-3, IR 36, WGL 14 and WGL 32100 had good performance for most of the yield contributing traits and physiological parameters under aerobic condition. The hybrids developed from these parental lines viz., IR 68888A x IR55838-B2-2-3-2-3, IR 68888A x IR 36, IR 68888A x WGL 14, IR 68888A x WGL 32100, COMS 14A x IR55838-B2-2-3-2-3, COMS 14A x IR 36, COMS 14A x WGL 14 and COMS 14A x WGL 32100 were found superior for most of the yield traits and physiological traits. Therefore, these parental lines could be best utilized for developing high yielding hybrids suitable for water limited conditions.