Evaluation of Commonly Used Antimicrobial Interventions for Fresh Beef Inoculated with Shiga Toxin – Producing Escherichia coli Serotypes O 26 , O 45 , O 103 , O 111 , O (original) (raw)
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Journal of Food Protection, 2012
Although numerous antimicrobial interventions targeting Escherichia coli O157:H7 have been developed and implemented to decontaminate meat and meat products during the harvesting process, the information on efficacy of these interventions against the so-called Big Six non-O157 Shiga toxin–producing E. coli (STEC) strains is limited. Prerigor beef flanks (160) were inoculated to determine if antimicrobial interventions currently used by the meat industry have a similar effect in reducing non-O157 STEC serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145 compared with E. coli O157:H7. A high (104 CFU/cm2) or a low (101 CFU/cm2) inoculation of two cocktail mixtures was applied to surfaces of fresh beef. Cocktail mixture 1 was composed of O26, O103, O111, O145, and O157, while cocktail mixture 2 was composed of O45, O121, and O157. The inoculated fresh beef flanks were subjected to spray treatments by the following four antimicrobial compounds: acidified sodium chlorite, peroxyacetic acid, l...
Journal of Food Protection, 2012
Although numerous antimicrobial interventions targeting Escherichia coli O157:H7 have been developed and implemented to decontaminate meat and meat products during the harvesting process, the information on efficacy of these interventions against the so-called Big Six non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) strains is limited. Prerigor beef flanks (160) were inoculated to determine if antimicrobial interventions currently used by the meat industry have a similar effect in reducing non-O157 STEC serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145 compared with E. coli O157:H7. A high (10 4 CFU/cm 2 ) or a low (10 1 CFU/cm 2 ) inoculation of two cocktail mixtures was applied to surfaces of fresh beef. Cocktail mixture 1 was composed of O26, O103, O111, O145, and O157, while cocktail mixture 2 was composed of O45, O121, and O157. The inoculated fresh beef flanks were subjected to spray treatments by the following four antimicrobial compounds: acidified sodium chlorite, peroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, and hot water. High-level inoculation samples were enumerated for the remaining bacteria populations after each treatment and compared with the untreated controls, while low-level inoculation samples were chilled for 48 h at 4uC before enrichment, immunomagnetic separation, and isolation. Spray treatments with hot water were the most effective, resulting in mean pathogen reductions of 3.2 to 4.2 log CFU/cm 2 , followed by lactic acid. Hot water and lactic acid also were the most effective interventions with the low-level inoculation on surfaces of fresh beef flanks after chilling. Peroxyacetic acid had an intermediate effect, while acidified sodium chlorite was the least effective in reducing STEC levels immediately after treatment. Results indicate that the reduction of non-O157 STEC by antimicrobial interventions on fresh beef surfaces were at least as great as for E. coli O157:H7. However, the recovery of these low inoculation levels of pathogens indicated that there is no single intervention to eliminate them.
Meat science, 2018
In Argentina, Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serogroups O157, O26, O103, O111, O145 and O121 are adulterant in ground beef. In other countries, the zero-tolerance approach to all STEC is implemented for chilled beef. Argentinean abattoirs are interested in implementing effective interventions against STEC on carcasses. Pre-rigor beef carcasses were used to determine whether nine antimicrobial strategies effectively reduced aerobic plate, coliform and E. coli counts and stx and eae gene prevalence. These strategies were: citric acid (2%; automated), acetic acid (2%; manual and automated), lactic acid (LA 2%; manual and automated), LA (3%; automated), electrolytically-generated hypochlorous acid (400 ppm; manual), hot water (82 °C; automated) and INSPEXX (0.2%; automated). Automated application of 2% LA after 30-60-min aeration and 3% LA at 55 °C were the most effective interventions. Automated application was more effective than manual application. Decontamination of b...
Journal of food protection, 2015
Several antimicrobial compounds have been used in commercial meat processing plants for decontamination of pathogens on beef carcasses, but there are many commercially available, novel antimicrobial compounds that may be more effective and suitable for use in beef processing pathogen-reduction programs. Sixty-four prerigor beef flanks (cutaneous trunci) were used in a study to determine whether hypobromous acid, neutral acidified sodium chlorite, and two citric acid-based antimicrobial compounds effectively reduce seven Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serogroups and Salmonella on the surface of fresh beef. Two cocktail mixtures were inoculated onto prerigor beef flank surfaces. Cocktail mixture 1 was composed of STEC serogroups O26, O103, O111, O145, and O157; and cocktail mixture 2 was composed of STEC serogroups O45, O121, and O157 and Salmonella. The inoculated fresh beef flanks were subjected to spray treatments with four antimicrobial compounds. Following antimicr...
This study evaluated the decontamination efficacy of water (W; 25° or 55 o C), 2% acetic acid (AA), 0.001% acidified chlorine (AC), 2% lactic acid (LA; 55 o C), 0.02% acidified sodium chlorite (ASC), 0.5% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), 1% lactoferricin B (LB), and 0.02% peroxyacetic acid (PAA) on Escherichia coli O157:H7 when applied to fresh beef carcass tissue (BCT) surfaces (40 cm 2 ) and lean tissue pieces (LTP; 300 g). Samples were inoculated with a five-strain composite of E. coli O157:H7 and then immersed in the treatment solutions for 30 s. Viable cell counts were enumerated by plating on sorbitol MacConkey (SMAC) agar. Overall, CPC was most effective (P < 0.05) and reduced bacterial populations by 4.8 log CFU/cm 2 and 2.1 log CFU/g on BCT and LTP, respectively. Of the treatments commonly used by industry, LA was the most effective (P < 0.05), as it reduced pathogen populations by 3.3 log CFU/cm 2 and 1.3 log CFU/g on BCT and LTP, respectively. Additionally, ASC, AA, PAA, LB, AC and W reduced pathogen populations when plated on SMAC by 1.9, 1.6, 1.4, 0.7, 0.4 and 1.2 log CFU/cm 2 , when applied to BCT, while corresponding reductions following the above treatment applications to LTP were 1.8, 1.1, 1.0, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.3 log CFU/g, respectively. Results from this study indicated that LA and ASC were the most effective pathogen decontamination solutions currently approved for commercial use. Information regarding the antibacterial efficacy of decontamination solutions should prove beneficial to industry personnel as a means of improving microbiological quality as well as potentially improving the quality of non-intact beef tissue.
Journal of Food Processing & Beverages
Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Non-O157 shiga toxin producing E. coli (STEC) serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, or O145 are both considered adulterated in non-intact beefs. Forty to fifty-eight percent of U.S. consumers prefer to order beef steaks of medium rare to rare status. From 2000 to 2007, undercooked non-intact beef products have been involved in several outbreaks in the United States due to contamination with E. coli O157:H7.Traditional cooking practices of non-intact beef steaks contaminated with Non-O157 STEC may result in the same food safety risks as shown in E. coli O157:H7 through consumption of undercooked contaminated products. This mini-review focuses on the research advances in recent 10 years to evaluate the effectiveness of cooking inactivation of E. coli O157:H7 and Non-O157 STEC contaminated in ground beef, mechanical tenderized beef, and moisture enhanced non-intact beef.
Peri- and Postharvest Factors in the Control of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in Beef
Microbiology Spectrum, 2014
Certain Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains are important causes of food-borne disease, with hemorrhagic colitis and, in some cases, hemolytic-uremic syndrome as the clinical manifestations of illness. Six serogroups and one serotype of STEC (O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157:H7) are responsible for the vast majority of cases in the United States. Based on recent data for all food commodities combined, 55.3% and 50.0% of the outbreaks of STEC O157 and non-O157 in the United States, respectively, are attributable to beef as a food source. Consequently, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service declared these organisms as adulterants in raw, nonintact beef. In North America, cattle are a major reservoir of STEC strains, with organisms shed in the feces and contaminated hides of the animals being the main vehicle for spread to carcasses at slaughter. A number of peri- and postharvest interventions targeting STEC have been develope...
Journal of food protection
Attachment of E. coli 0157:H7 and E. coli Kl2 to beef tenderloin filet, chuck, and adipose tissues was studied. Most attachment occurred within 1 min of incubation; the number of attached organisms depended on the concentration of bacteria in the liquid inoculum. Similar levels of E. coli bound to the three types of beef tissues tested. E. coli 0157:H7 was heavily piliated; however, there was no significant difference between levels of bound E. coli 0157:H7 and E. coli K12, indicating that these surface structures apparently are not involved in attachment. Scanning electron photomicrographs of meat tissue and of purified collagen suggested that bacteria attached primarily to collagen fibers. Rinsing solutions consisting of 10% trisodium phosphate (TSP), 2% acetic acid (HAc), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and combinations of each were tested for effectiveness in reducing the number of attached E. coli. The level of bacteria removed from tenderloin tissue following TSP, HAc, or PBS rinses did not differ considerably. When beef tissues were stored at 4°C for 18 h after the various rinse combinations, TSP rinse treatments reduced the levels of E. coli Kl2 and 0157:H7 attached to adipose tissue up to 3.4 and 2.7 log units, respectively, compared to PBS rinse treatments. Therefore, TSP may be effective for reducing populations of E. coli 0157:H7 on beef carcass tissue.
International journal of food science, 2017
Because of their antagonistic activity towards pathogenic and spoilage bacteria, some members of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been evaluated for use as food biopreservatives. The objectives of this study were to assess the antimicrobial utility of a commercial LAB intervention against O157 and non-O157 Shiga-toxigenic E. coli (STEC) on intact beef strip loins during refrigerated vacuum aging and determine intervention efficacy as a function of mode of intervention application. Prerigor strip loins were inoculated with a cocktail (8.9 ± 0.1 log10 CFU/ml) of rifampicin-resistant (100.0 μg/ml; Rif(R)) O157 and non-O157 STEC. Inoculated loins were chilled to ≤4°C and treated with 8.7 ± 0.1 log10 CFU/ml LAB intervention using either a pressurized tank air sprayer (conventional application) or air-assisted electrostatic sprayer (ESS). Surviving STEC were enumerated on tryptic soy agar supplemented with 100.0 μg/ml rifampicin (TSAR) to determine STEC inhibition as a function of inte...