Changes in otoacoustic emissions and high-frequency hearing thresholds in children and adolescents (original) (raw)
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Tone burst evoked otoacoustic emissions in different age-groups of schoolchildren
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 2015
Tone burst evoked otoacoustic emissions Click evoked otoacoustic emissions Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions Transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions OAE Schoolchildren A B S T R A C T Introduction: Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are believed to be good predictors of hearing status, particularly in the 1-4 kHz range. However both click evoked OAEs (CEOAEs) and distortion product OAEs (DPOAEs) perform poorly at 0.5 kHz. The present study investigates OAEs in the lower frequency range of 0.5-1 kHz evoked by 0.5 kHz tone bursts (TBOAEs) in schoolchildren and compares them with emissions evoked by clicks. Methods: Measurements were performed for two groups of normally hearing schoolchildren. Children from 1st grade (age 6-7 years) and children from 6th grade (age 11-12 years). Tympanometry, pure tone audiometry, and OAE measurements of CEAOEs, 0.5 kHz TBOAEs, and spontaneous OAEs (SOAEs) were performed. Additionally, analysis by the matching pursuit method was conducted on CEOAEs and TBOAEs to assess their time-frequency (TF) properties. Results: For all subjects OAEs response levels and signal to noise ratios (SNRs) were calculated. As expected, CEOAE magnitudes were greatest over the range 1-4 kHz, with a substantial decrease below 1 kHz. Responses from the 0.5 kHz TBOAEs were complementary in that the main components occurred between 0.5 and 1.4 kHz. In younger children, TBOAEs had SNRs 4-8 dB smaller in the 0.5-1.4 kHz range. In addition, CEOAEs had lower SNRs in the 0.7-1.4 kHz range, by 3-5 dB. TBOAEs in younger children had maximum SNRs shifted toward 1-1.4 kHz, whereas in older children it was more clearly around 1 kHz. The differences in response levels were less evident. The presence of SOAEs appreciably influenced both CEOAEs and TBOAEs, and TF properties of both OAEs did not differ significantly between grades. Conclusion: TBOAEs evoked at 0.5 kHz can provide additional information about frequencies below 1 kHz, a range over which CEOAEs usually have very low amplitudes. The main difference between the two age groups was that in older children CEOAEs and 0.5 kHz TBOAEs had higher SNRs at 0.5-1.4 kHz. Additionally, for ears with SOAEs, 0.5 kHz TBOAEs had higher response levels and SNRs similar to CEOAEs.
Brain and Development, 2000
The developmental changes of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) were evaluated in 275 normal subjects aged from 1 month to 39 years. The DP-grams showed an M-shaped pattern with peaks at 1587 Hz and 5042 Hz for all age groups. In subjects younger than 3 years, low frequency DPOAEs did not rise above the noise¯oor. The DP levels at high frequency (5042 Hz) did not change much from infancy to young adulthood (12.9±16.5 dB SPL), however, those at low and middle frequency signi®cantly decreased with age. Total echo power (TEP) of TEOAE was greatest in early infancy, decreased rapidly before 6±7 years old, and then decreased gradually (TEP 16:6 2 1:9 X ln (age)). Wave reproducibility was constant across age. The frequency area peak power (FAPP) to middle and high frequency sounds changed little with age, however, FAPP at low frequency sounds dramatically increased with age. FAPP at 5000 Hz was relatively depressed levels at each age. The TEOAE value was more prominent at middle and low frequencies while DPOAE was predominant at high frequencies. These two measurements may re¯ect different functions of outer hair cells in the developing cochlea.
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, 2015
The aim of the study was to examine childhood high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (HF-SNHL) and the effects of combined exposure with aging or noise exposure on HF hearing thresholds in adulthood. Population-based cohort study of 30,003 adults (mean age 40 years) underwent an audiometry and completed a hearing questionnaire. At age 7-13 years, the same people had participated in a longitudinal school hearing investigation, in which 283 participants were diagnosed with HF-SNHL [PTA 3-8 kHz C 25 dB HL (mean 45 dB HL), worse hearing ear], and 29,720 participants had normal hearing thresholds. The effect of childhood HF-SNHL on adult hearing threshold was significantly moderated by age. Age stratified analyses showed that the difference in HF hearing thresholds between adults with and without childhood HF-SNHL was 33 dB (95 % CI 31-34) in young adults (n = 173, aged 20-39 years) and 37 dB (95 % CI 34-39) in middle-aged adults (n = 110, aged 40-56 years). The combined exposure of childhood HF-SNHL and noise exposure showed a simple additive effect. It appears to be a super-additive effect of childhood-onset HF-SNHL and aging on adult hearing thresholds. An explanation might be that already damaged hair cells are more susceptible to age-related degeneration. To exclude possible birth cohort effects, the finding should be confirmed by a study with several audiometries in adulthood.
Otoacoustic emissions as a screening test for hearing impairment in children
Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1995
Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) are low amplitude sound waves produced by the healthy cochlea. They can be recorded with a microphone in the external ear. TEOAEs are abolished by hearing losses of 30 dB or more. The feasibility of using TEOAEs as a screening test for hearing loss in children was studied. TEOAE recordings were attempted in 56 children attending an audiology clinic. Recordings were possible from both ears in 52 children; of these 104 ears, 32 had hearing deficits of 30 dB or more. Hearing status was compared with the results ofsix TEOAE screening criteria. All criteria had a sensitivity of 1 00. Four standard TEOAE criteria yielded specificities of 0*46-0*58. Two new criteria derived from analysis of limited frequencies from the TEOAE waveform gave specificities of 0*76 and 0*82. It can be concluded that, when appropriate pass/fail criteria are employed, TEOAEs are a feasible screening test in children.
Auris Nasus Larynx, 2010
Objectives: Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) are reflections of cochlear energy produced during the processing of sound. The suppression effect identified as the decrease with the additional tone stimulator of the otoacoustic emission amplitude is use for assessing efferent auditory system function. The aim of this study is to investigate the contralateral suppression effect (CSE) of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) in children with auditory listening problems (ALPs) compared to normal hearing children. Method: The study group (Group 1) was consisted of 12 ALP children (8 males and 4 females), aged 5-10 years, and associated with receptive and expressive language delay. The control group was consisted of (Group 2) 12 children with normal hearing levels, matched according to gender and age of TEOAEs and CSE of TEOAEs were investigated at 1.0-4.0 kHz in both groups. Results: For right ear, at 1.0 and 3.0 kHz, TEOAE amplitudes of the ALP group were significantly lower than the control group. At 2.0, 4.0 and 5.0 kHz of the right ear and at 1.0-5.0 kHz of the left ear, TEOAE amplitudes were found as not different between ALP and control groups. Suppression values of the ALP group were significantly lower than the control group at 1.0-2.0 kHz of the right ear and at 2.0 kHz of the left ear. At the other frequencies, there was no significant difference between the suppression values of the ALP and control groups. Conclusion: Lower suppression values in ALP group at all frequencies (significant at 1.0-2.0 and 2.0 kHz in the right and left ears, respectively) showed that cochlear and cranial maturation of the ALP group may lower than the control group. Since the age profile in both group is similar, we thought that age's effect on this results is not important. Our results showed that children with ALP have auditory processing difficulties in noisy environment. For understanding the efferent auditory system, patients with auditory processing disorders may be evaluated by the help of background noise.
Differences in otoacoustic emissions in infants and adults with normal hearing
HVM Bioflux, 2015
Introduction There has been an increasing interest in studying OAE in order to understand and investigate the cochlear function both in adults and infants, since the first description of OAE by Kemp in 1978. There still is no complete description of the most basic aspects of audition although studies of ear development were performed even before 1970 (Abdala 2000). It is believed that the study of OAE in human beings can serve as good criterion to investigate the physiological events of cochlear maturation, because OAE provide a glimpse into the human cochlea during the earliest segments of perinatal and postnatal life. The maturational processes underlying the acoustical and mechanical functioning of the human ear and the detectable functional differences in OAE responses represent a challenging and interesting scientific problem. There is evidence that OAE (TEOAE or/and DPOAE) differ in newborn compared to older children and adults with normal hearing (Norton et al 1990; Kok et al...
Repeatability of Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions in Young Adults
Medical Science Monitor, 2015
The aim of this study was to evaluate the repeatability and variability of TEOAE characteristics in hearing screening tests performed under practical conditions on normal subjects. Material/Methods: A group of 11 young, normal-hearing subjects aged 19-24 years was tested. They were examined otologically and audiologically prior to the tests and no ear pathologies were found. Responses were acquired with a commercially available instrument (Integrity, Vivosonic Inc.) using a standardized OAE protocol. The TEOAE tests were repeated 3 times in each subject at random intervals within 24 h. The analyzed parameters of interest were: (i) whole wave reproducibility (WWR) and; (ii) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Results: WWR and SNR did not differ significantly among the 3 measurement sessions. In most cases the differences in WWR among measurements were around 1-2% and for SNRs they were 1-4 dB SNRs and were highest in the 1-2 kHz range. TEOAE-based tests can be useful tools for hearing screening. Conclusions: The tests can give reliable results provided that adequate procedures are used and low-noise conditions are ensured. The tests are best complemented with other examinations to widen the range of ear pathologies able to be detected.
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 2006
Objective: Transiently evoked (TEOAEs) and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions at the 2f1-f2 frequency (DPOAEs) are being used as a clinical tool for diagnosis of peripheral auditory pathology. Because both tests are fast and non-invasive, they may be an excellent method for hearing screening in infants and children. The purpose of this study was to compare the TEOAE and DPOAE measures obtained in a group of healthy children. Methods: Sixty-six school-aged children with normal hearing were included in the study. Subjects with recent otologic disease or abnormal tympanograms were excluded. TEOAEs and DPOAEs were performed using a DP Echoport ILO 292 Otodynamics analyzer connected to a portable personal computer. Correlation between TEOAE amplitudes and DPOAE levels was estimated.
Otoacustic Emission Test Abnormalities among Teenagers
Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2012
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of injury of outer hair cells by means of transient evoked otoacoustic emission and distortion product evoked otoacoustic emission tests among teenagers of a private high school in Brazil. Method: Survey study. We performed transient evoced otoacoustic emission and distortion product evoced otoacoustic emission tests in 134 young individuals from January to December 2011. We analyzed the results according to the "pass/fail" criterion for the parameters amplitude of the signal and signal/noise ratio. Results: A total of 80.6% of 134 participants had abnormal transient otoacoustic emissions and most were men (92.9%; P < .05). In all, 97.8% showed abnormal distortion product otoacoustic emissions and no difference regarding the gender (P = .2). A total of 79.9% showed abnormalities in both transient and distortion product in at least 1 ear, most were men (P < .05). In sum, 94.0% reported the use of headphones, and 82.8% reported ...