The Economic Burden of Traumatic Brain Injury Due to Fatal Traffic Accidents in Shiraz Shahid Rajaei Trauma Hospital, Shiraz, Iran (original) (raw)
Related papers
Archives of Trauma Research, 2015
Background: Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBIs) as a result of traffic accidents are one of the major causes of deaths, which lead to the loss of individuals' productive and working years of life. Objectives: This study aimed to calculate the economic burden of traumatic brain injuries in fatal crashes at Shahid Rajaei Trauma Hospital, Shiraz, Iran for a period of five years. Patients and Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study the population included people who had died as a result of TBIs during 2009 to 2013 in Shiraz Shahid Rajaei Trauma Hospital. Cost and demographic data were obtained from the participants' medical records using data gathering forms, and some other information was also collected via telephone calls to the victims' families. Economic burden of TBIs due to traffic accidents, which led to death, was estimated using the human capital as direct costs of treatment, and the number of potential years of life lost and lost productivity as indirect costs. Results: Deaths resulting from TBIs due to traffic accidents in Shiraz imposed 6.2 billion Rials (511000 USD) of hospital costs, 6390 potential years of life lost, and 506 billion Rials (20 million USD) of productivity lost. In the present study, the mean age of the individuals who died was 38.4 ± 19.41 and the productivity lost per capita was 1.8 billion Rials (73000 USD). Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated that the economic burden of TBIs was high in fatal accidents in Fars Province so that it was equivalent to 0.00011% of Iran's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2013. Therefore, more attention has to be paid to the rules to prevent the fatal accidents.
Archives of Trauma Research, 2019
Original Article intROductiOn Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a global problem. [1] Road traffic accidents were for the most part responsible for deaths and disabilities, especially in developing countries. [2] One million people killed due to road accidents in developing countries and half of this occurring in Asia. [1] In industrialized countries, road accident is more common among young people. RTIs are accounted for 65% of all deaths in developing countries. [3] The cost of RTI varies between 1% and 3% of the gross domestic product (GDP) in the low-and middle-income countries. [1] Iran is among the high-ranked countries in the world, considering road accidents, and the number of deaths reaches 30/1000. [4] Many of the injured people are young and are in productive years of their life (20-30 years of age). [5] The economic cost in terms of medical treatment, rehabilitation, and loss of productivity is high, with direct outcomes in societies. [6] Based on the global burden of disease study, deaths from traffic accidents in 2020 will be the sixth leading cause of death, globally. Traffic accidents are the second leading cause of life years lost in low-income countries. [7] RTIs and deaths cause Background: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are an important public health concern, and one of the main causes of death leading to loss of productive and effectual years of life. This study aimed to determine the economic burden of fatal crashes for about 5 years in Shahid Rajaei Hospital in Shiraz. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, cost and demographic data related to the people who died in the hospital due to RTIs, during 2009-2013, were obtained from medical records. Economic burden of traffic accidents that led to death was estimated using human capital as direct costs of treatment and potential years of life lost (PYLL) and lost productivity as indirect costs. Results: During 2009-2013, 989 individuals died from traffic accidents in Shiraz, imposing 1.58 million US dollars to hospital costs, 41,298 PYLL, and 67 million US dollars productivity lost. In this study, the mean age of the dead people was 43.3 ± 22.24, and the productivity lost per capita was 67,000 $US. Conclusions: The economic burdens of traumatic brain injuries were high in fatal accidents in Fars Province equivalent to 0.0003% of Iran's gross domestic product in 2013. Thus, special attention should be directed toward prevention measures for fatal traffic accidents.
Health in Emergencies & Disasters Quarterly, 2018
Background: Driving fines are one of the tools to reduce driving violations, and consequently, injuries due to car accidents. In 2010, a new set of laws and fines were passed with the aim of deterring driving violations. Since the second half of March 2013, the new laws and fines were enforced throughout the country. To compare the number of accident victims referred to the hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences before and after the implementation of the new traffic offenses law. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-analytic study. The study population consisted of all accident victims referred to the emergency department of hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences from March 2014 to September 2017. Sampling method was total enumerative method. For data collection, a checklist was used. After obtaining the necessary permissions, the researcher completed the checklist by referring to the hospitals and the Deputy of Treatment of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The relevant data were extracted from the Hospital Information and MedCare Systems. In addition to comparing the average number of victims before and after the implementation of the new law, the average number of victims were compared in terms of the body part injury, the site of the accident before and after the implementation of the law. The obtained data were analyzed by using descriptive and analytical statistics including t test. Results: The average monthly number of casualties before the implementation of the new law was 3053 and after the implementation it increased to 3492 people. This difference was statistically significant (P≤0.05). Although this increase was observed in the average number of the victims in all four body parts groups, after the implementation of the law, only the difference between the average number of victims with multiple body injuries was statistically significant (P≤0.05). In addition, the average number of the accident location in all four groups of the accident locations increased after the implementation of the law. However, only the difference between the average number of the accidents occurred on suburban roads before and after the implementation was statistically significant (P≤0.05). Conclusion: On the whole, increasing driving fines does not seem to have a significant impact on reducing road traffic injuries. A more detailed investigation of this challenge is recommended to identify possible causes of the ineffectiveness of fines.
2018
Background: Driving fines are one of the tools to reduce driving violations, and consequently, injuries due to car accidents. In 2010, a new set of laws and fines were passed with the aim of deterring driving violations. Since the second half of March 2013, the new laws and fines were enforced throughout the country. To compare the number of accident victims referred to the hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences before and after the implementation of the new traffic offenses law. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-analytic study. The study population consisted of all accident victims referred to the emergency department of hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences from March 2014 to September 2017. Sampling method was total enumerative method. For data collection, a checklist was used. After obtaining the necessary permissions, the researcher completed the checklist by referring to the hospitals and the Deputy of Treatment of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The relevant data were extracted from the Hospital Information and MedCare Systems. In addition to comparing the average number of victims before and after the implementation of the new law, the average number of victims were compared in terms of the body part injury, the site of the accident before and after the implementation of the law. The obtained data were analyzed by using descriptive and analytical statistics including t test. Results: The average monthly number of casualties before the implementation of the new law was 3053 and after the implementation it increased to 3492 people. This difference was statistically significant (P≤0.05). Although this increase was observed in the average number of the victims in all four body parts groups, after the implementation of the law, only the difference between the average number of victims with multiple body injuries was statistically significant (P≤0.05). In addition, the average number of the accident location in all four groups of the accident locations increased after the implementation of the law. However, only the difference between the average number of the accidents occurred on suburban roads before and after the implementation was statistically significant (P≤0.05). Conclusion: On the whole, increasing driving fines does not seem to have a significant impact on reducing road traffic injuries. A more detailed investigation of this challenge is recommended to identify possible causes of the ineffectiveness of fines.
SBMU publishing, 2014
Introduction: The costs of traffic accidents in low- and middle-income countries are estimated to add up to 65billionannually,whichisalittlehigherthantheamounttheyreceiveasafinalaidfordevelopment.Thepresentretrospectivestudyaimstoevaluatethetreatmentcostsofthehospitalizedinjuredindividualsintrafficaccidents.Methods:ThepresentstudywascarriedoutinImamHosseinHospital,Tehran,Iran.Thestudypopulationconsistedofalltheindividualsinjuredintrafficaccidents,admittedtothehospitalwards.Datawerecollectedbyatrainedemergencyphysician.Demographicdata,injurymechanism,thetypeofvehicle,theadmissionwardofthepatient,andtreatmentcostswerecollected.Results:Atotalof200patientfileswereevaluated(males:8965 billion annually, which is a little higher than the amount they receive as a final aid for development. The present retrospective study aims to evaluate the treatment costs of the hospitalized injured individuals in traffic accidents. Methods: The present study was carried out in Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The study population consisted of all the individuals injured in traffic accidents, admitted to the hospital wards. Data were collected by a trained emergency physician. Demographic data, injury mechanism, the type of vehicle, the admission ward of the patient, and treatment costs were collected. Results: A total of 200 patient files were evaluated (males: 89%). The results showed that 54% of the patients were in the 18‒40-year age group and collisions between cars and motorcycles were the most frequent accidents (47%). The mean hospitalization cost for each patient was estimated to be 65billionannually,whichisalittlehigherthantheamounttheyreceiveasafinalaidfordevelopment.Thepresentretrospectivestudyaimstoevaluatethetreatmentcostsofthehospitalizedinjuredindividualsintrafficaccidents.Methods:ThepresentstudywascarriedoutinImamHosseinHospital,Tehran,Iran.Thestudypopulationconsistedofalltheindividualsinjuredintrafficaccidents,admittedtothehospitalwards.Datawerecollectedbyatrainedemergencyphysician.Demographicdata,injurymechanism,thetypeofvehicle,theadmissionwardofthepatient,andtreatmentcostswerecollected.Results:Atotalof200patientfileswereevaluated(males:891622.1. Statistical analyses showed that treatment costs in the neurosurgery ward was significantly higher than those in orthopedic and general surgery wards (df: 3; F=9.5, P=0.008). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the mean cost of each traffic accident victim in Tehran is approximately $1622.1 and these patients sustain significantly higher costs in neurosurgery ward.
Study of the pattern of mortality caused by Traffic Accidents (TAs) in The South of Iran
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2016
To investigate the pattern of mortality caused by road traffic accidents and its associated factors. The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Fars province of Iran and comprised data of all people having died in road traffic accidents from March 21, 2011, to March 19, 2012. Using census method, all files related to deaths in road accidents were reviewed at the Legal Medicine Centre. Data was analysed using SPSS20. Of the 1668 people dead, 1291(77.4%) were male and 377(22.6 %) were female. The highest rate related to the age group 21-30 with 454(27%) killed. As for education level, the highest rate of mortality was 410(24.5%) for illiterate people and the least was 9(0.5%) for those having Masters degree or higher. In terms of time of year, the highest rate of mortality was 167(10%) between August 23and September 22, while the least was 82(5%) between July 23and August22. Head trauma was reported as the most important cause of death in 1191(71.4%) cases. Despite s...
Ain Shams Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology
Background: Egypt loses about 12,000 persons every year because of road traffic accidents with mortality rate of 42 deaths per 100 000 populations. Little less than half (48%) of them are four-wheelers passengers and the fifth (20%) are pedestrians. The world health organization estimated that 50 million people are injured, and the worldwide annual road traffic deaths was 1.2 million and continues to rise steadily, reaching 1.35 million in 2016. Aim: This study aimed at determination of pattern and status of Road traffic accidents (RTA) injuries and deaths on an Egyptian sample. Methods: This is a retrospective study on cases of RTA admitted to the Emergency Department of Ain Shams University Hospitals during a two-year period starting from the first of January 2017 till the end of December 2018. Results: In the years 2017 and 2018, 1282 RTA patients were admitted to Ain Shams University Hospitals. The highest proportion of cases was from 20-<30 years. Pedestrians were the most common victims. Almost all cases had the suitable radiological investigation according to the mode of injury, and 46.9% of the cases were presented with lower limb injuries. Most of the patients were treated surgically, and 42.1% of the cases stayed 6 days and more. Head injuries were the main cause of death. Conclusion: RTAs are a considerable problem threatening population safety. Most of Victims were males, in the productive age and pedestrians. Head injury is the most frequent cause of death. Recommendation: Nationally accepted, well-coordinated safety education programs are one of the fundamental steps leading to limiting the problem that costs huge mortalities, morbidities, and property damage.
Public Health, 2013
BACKGROUND: Traffic accidents in Iran are the second leading cause of mortality and the first cause of years of life lost (YLL). This study aims to determine the epidemiology of road traffic accidents referring to Shahid Chamran Hospital of Kangavar, Iran, in 2014. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. The studied population included all dead and injured patients of traffic accidents referring to Shahid Chamran Hospital in Kangavar in 2014 that by using census sampling method were entered in the study. The data collection tool was a researcher-made checklist involving demographic and traffic variables that were filled by examining hospital records and making phone calls to all participants. Data were analyzed through chi-square and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 30.98 ± 17.06 years. 75.81% of the population was men. The average time of traffic accident occurrence was 15:14:47. The majority of injured subjects were motorcycle drivers (32.89%), followed by car passengers (22.41%), and pedestrians (19.64%). Car-motorcycle (29.60%), overturning (28.66%), and car-pedestrian collision (17.45%) were the first three most common types of traffic accidents, respectively. Multiple trauma (42.29%), lower limb trauma (24.88%), and head/neck trauma (17.87%) were the most frequent injuries. There was a statistically significant association between the types of accidents and the variables of marital status, educational level, place of residence, days of the week, seasons, injured person's condition, type of collision, and the injured organ (P < 0.050). CONCLUSION: Based on the findings, since the majority of casualties in traffic accidents are motorcyclists, it is recommended to review the traffic rules for this group.
Epidemiological Study of Road Traffic Accident Cases: A Study from Bengazy-Libya
The developing countries bear a large share of burden and account for about 85% of the deaths as a result of road traffic crashes. So, the problem of road traffic accidents is becoming recognized concern. Motor-vehicle accidents are complex events resulting primarily from human, technical, and environmental contributing factors. Identification of the most probable factors that affect accident severity is the basis for effective road traffic accident prevention.