Development and validation of the knowledge and attitudes regarding antibiotics and resistance (KAAR-11) questionnaire for primary care physicians (original) (raw)
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BMC infectious diseases, 2016
Understanding physicians' antibiotic-prescribing behaviour is fundamental when it comes to improving antibiotic use and tackling the growing rates of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of the study was to develop and validate -in terms of face validity, content validity and reliability- an instrument designed to assess the attitudes and knowledge underlying physician antibiotic prescribing. The questionnaire development and validation process comprised two different steps, namely: (1) content and face validation, which included a literature review and validation both by physicians and by Portuguese language and clinical psychology experts; and (2) reliability analysis, using the test-retest method, to assess the questionnaire's internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient - ICC). The questionnaire includes 17 items assessing attitudes and knowledge about antibiotic prescribing and resistances and 9 items evaluating the im...
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Antibiotic Knowledge and Consumption Tool (AKCT)
Antibiotics
Knowledge of antibiotics and awareness of microbial resistance are essential for appropriate antibiotic consumption. This study aimed to develop and validate a measure of antibiotic knowledge and consumption (AKCT) and to make it available in the Arabic language and context. The tool was developed and applied on individuals ≥ 18 years, with mastery of Arabic or English. Exploratory factor analysis using principal-component analysis tested the psychometric properties of the items. AKCT scores were compared with the Infectious Numeracy Test (INT) scores to establish convergent validity. Cronbach’s α > 0.7 measured reliability. Three hundred-eighty-six participants completed the questionnaire, achieving a 95.3% response rate. Five components were retained after factor analysis: Side-effects and resistance, Access to antibiotics, Recovery after use, Antibiotics use indications, and Body response. Cronbach’s α = 0.85. The mean ± SD of AKCT = 9.82 ± 3.85 (range = 7–20); lowest scores w...
BMC Infectious …, 2009
Background: Upper Respiratory Infections (URIs) are common in children. The cause is usually viral, but parents' attitude often contributes to inappropriate antibiotic prescribing, promoting antibiotic resistance. The objective is to describe the process of developing a questionnaire to assess parents' Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) concerning the role of antibiotics when children suffer from URIs, as well as to evaluate the response rates, the completeness and the reliability (Cronbach) of the questionnaires. Finally, to note any limitations of the study. Methods: Literature review, along with pre-testing yielded a questionnaire designed to assess the parents' KAP-level. A postal survey was set, in a national sample of 200 schools stratified by geographical region. The participants consist of a multistage geographical cluster sample of 8000 parents. The influence of demographic characteristics (i.e. sex, age, education) was analyzed. Cronbach index test and factor analysis were used to assess the reliability of the questionnaire. Results: The response rate of the parents was 69%. Islands presented the lowest response rate while in Northern Greece the response rate was the highest. Sixty-eight point nine percent of the sample returned questionnaires fully completed, while 91.5% completed 95% of the questions. Three questions out of 70 were answered in a very low rate which was associated mostly with immigrant respondents. The section describing parents' attitude toward antibiotic use was not completed as much as the sections of knowledge or practices. The questions were factor analyzed and 10 out of the 21 extracted factors were finally evaluated, reducing the number of independent variables to 46. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.55. However, only items that increased the Cronbach when added were eventually included in the final scales raising the internal
Turkish journal of family medicine and primary care, 2022
Background and Objectives: Antibiotics are widely used all over the world, but the use of appropriate antibiotics in the appropriate dose and duration plays a critical role in reducing the development of resistance, and mortality in particular, as well as undesirable effects and treatment costs associated with infections. The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of primary care family physicians regarding the rational use of antibiotics (RUA) and to raise awareness about this issue. Methods: Before the "Training for the Rational Use of Antibiotics" for family physicians of primary healthcare in Antalya in 2019, a questionnaire was distributed to the physicians. The questionnaire contained 37 questions, including 27 multiple-choice questions designed to assess physicians' general attitudes toward antibiotic rationalization. The questionnaire, which consists of ten questions, also includes a test at the end, which is calculated over a total of 100 points. The purpose of the test is to assess family physicians' knowledge of rational antibiotic use. Each correct answer was worth 10 points, and the average success and standard deviations of the physicians were computed. Results: This study included 143 family physicians in total. The mean success score standard deviation (SD) was found to be 66.5 18.51 out of 100 in the test, which measures the knowledge level of physicians prior to training. The success scores of physicians aged 55 and older were found to be statistically significantly lower than the scores of those in other age groups (55.6 21.2 points (mean SD). Other variables examined within the scope of the study were found to have no effect on the physicians' success scores. It was also discovered that physicians frequently answered incorrectly questions about the use of the Modified Centor Clinical Scoring system.The relevant records showed that only 7867 (27.4%) of 28 712 Rapid Antigen tests (RATs) distributed to family physicians by the Provincial Health Directorate were used. Conclusions: Although the majority of the participants stated that they used diagnosis and treatment guidelines when prescribing antibiotics, it was discovered that the use of the Modified Centor clinical scoring system and the RADTs was not common among them, and that there were some deficiencies in the RUA.
To Assess Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Medical Professionals toward Antibiotics
Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences
Introduction: Antibiotics are wonderful drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases but are in danger because of a reduction in their efficacy. Antibiotic resistance is becoming a public health problem worldwide. There is number of contributing factors that are responsible for antibiotic resistance. Physicians play a vital role in antibiotic usage and prescribing practices. In the present study, we will assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of medical professionals of Hisar and Mahindergarh District of Haryana, India for antibiotics. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on medical professionals who are prescribing antibiotics through survey conducted via mail. Results: The study received 100% responses from all the participants. Among which 41% are prescribing antibiotic on 1st day of investigation and 77% are using broad-spectrum antibiotics. Although they have proper knowledge of resistance still the practicing antibiotics is not that much good. Th...
BioScientific Review
Antibiotic resistance is a serious health crisis all over the world and students of biological sciences should have proper awareness to combat the problem. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) towards antibiotic use and resistance among university students of biological sciences in Pakistan. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 826 students of biological sciences programs from eight major Pakistani universities during September-November 2020. A self-administered online questionnaire was developed which consisted of four dimensions: sociodemographic characteristics (3 questions) and assessment of the knowledge, attitude and practices with 13, 6 and 11 questions, respectively. Association of KAP scores with sociodemographic characteristics was analyzed by nonparametric analysis i.e., Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H test (p-value < 0.05). The sample comprised more females (82.9%) than males while most of the respondents belon...
BMC Primary Care, 2022
Background: Ukrainian Family Doctors' knowledge and readiness for the implementation of new guidelines recommendations into practice has to be evaluated and taken into consideration, meanwhile they often use the old protocols of annual checkups. This study aimed to perform a linguistic and cultural validation of Ukrainian adopted questionnaire designed on the German prototype "Readiness of general practitioners to recommend and implement evidence-based screening recommendations questionnaire". Methods: This was a mixed method study. The English version of the original German prototype questionnaire was translated into Ukrainian with forward-backward method. Additionally Ukrainian version was modified by including an extra questions about evidence based screening of cardiovascular risks, infectious diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, depression, and some old-fashioned annual checkups which are still commonly used in routine family doctors' practice. During the face validation process, 10 practicing general practitioners assessed all the items in the questionnaire as adequately structured, grammatically correct, and understandable. During qualitative part of content validation process 11 experts found and corrected some grammatical errors, indicated that items of the questionnaire were comprehensible and related to Ukrainian culture. During the quantitative part of content validation process experts accessed 5 of 6 items as essential, relevant, and clear. Internal consistency of the items, assessed by using Cronbach's alpha method was acceptable. To access how stable can be results provided by the questionnaire, test-retest reliability was performed, where 19 general practitioners filled in the same questionnaire twice over a period of two weeks. Results: In our study CVR > 0.79 and CVI > 0.59 were acceptable. The internal consistency was evaluated by using Cronbach's alpha method and had to be above 0.7. According to the test-retest reliability results of weighted kappa and Cohen's kappa coefficients, test-retest agreement of the questionnaire was moderate for 29%, substantial for 38%, and almost perfect for 5% of the items (p ≤ 0.05). Kappa coefficients were not computed for 10% of items as there was no variability in the assessments.
Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 2018
Antibiotic resistance is a serious problem being faced by physicians worldwide. This article was designed to study physician perceptions of antibiotic resistance and their prescribing patterns. A structured questionnaire was developed for reporting the prevalence of antibiotic resistance as perceived by physicians and recording their antibiotic preferences in specific contexts. A total of 539 intensivists across India participated in the study. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens was reported to be on the rise in Intensive Care Units. The prevalence rate of carbapenem-resistant was reported to be between 20% and 40% by 33% of the participants. Piperacillin-tazobactam was the preferred beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor antibiotic by the majority of intensivists (47%) in the treatment of infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers. Meropenem was recommended to be used at a higher dose (2 g t.i.d.) by 41% of intensivists for infect...