Nutritional Status Assessment of Women from Different Occupations in Urban and Semi-Urban Regions of Gujarat (original) (raw)
Related papers
Obesity and Its Risk Factors in Urban and Rural Females of Pune
Abstract: Background of the study: Obesity is becoming a alarming metabolic disorders in global scenario. Its prevalence is increasing day by day even in developing countries. Urban population is more vulnerable to this epidemic specially females. Objectives of this study was to compare obesity and its risk factors in urban and rural females. Methodology: In this cross sectional study, total 1063 females (545 rural and 518 urban) were analyzed. Height, weight, waist Circumference, Hip circumference, W:H ratio, Educational status, Socioeconomic status, Skinfold were measured. Body mass Index (BMI), Percentage of body fat were calculated using the formula. BMI classification, Cut off for Waist Circumference were considered as per guidelines given for Asian Indian Adults. Statistical significance was considered at 95 % Confidence Interval. Result: Out Of 1063 women randomly selected, 16.41 % of urban and 10.83% of rural females were classified as overweight and 40.54 % of urban and 22.75% of rural females were obese. Weight, BMI, Percentage of Body fat, Waist Circumference and Waist:Hip Ratio (WHR) was significantly higher (p,0.001) in Urban females as compare to Rural females. Conclusions: The higher prevalence of overweight and obesity was found in Urban women as compared to Rural women. Urban females were more central obese than Rural females. Key Words: Obesity, BMI, Body fat percentage, Urban and Rural Females.
Public Health Nutrition, 2015
Objective: To assess trends in nutrient intakes and nutritional status of rural adult women (≥18-60 years) and the association of sociodemographic characteristics with overweight/obesity. Design: Community-based cross-sectional studies carried out during 1975-79 to 2011-12 by the National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (NNMB) were used. Anthropometric measurements such as height, weight and waist circumference, carried out during the surveys, were used. Association and logistic regression analyses between sociodemographic characteristics and overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity were conducted using a complex samples procedure. Setting: Ten NNMB states of India. Subjects: Non-pregnant and non-lactating rural women aged ≥18-60 years covered during the above periods from ten states in India. Results: The prevalence of chronic energy deficiency has declined from 52 % during 1975-79 to 34 % during 2011-12, while that of overweight/obesity has increased from 7 % to 24 % during the same period. Median intakes of most of the nutrients have increased over the same period, although they were below recommended levels. The chance of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity was significantly (P < 0•01) higher among women aged 40-60 years, those belonging to Christian religion and other backward communities, women living in pucca houses, literate women, women engaged in service and business, and those having higher per capita income. Conclusions: Prevalence of chronic energy deficiency has declined significantly; however, overweight/obesity has increased during the same period. This increase in overweight/obesity may be attributed to increased consumption of fatty foods, sedentary lifestyle and improved socioeconomic status. There is a need to educate the community about regular physical exercise, low intakes of fats and oils, and a balanced diet. Keywords Trends Nutrients Nutritional status Chronic energy deficiency Abdominal obesity Women constitute about 50 % of the total population in India and comprise one-third of the labour force. About 70 % of India's population is residing in rural India (1). Women in the reproductive age group (15-49 years) are the most vulnerable as they are at higher risk of undernutrition, anaemia and ill health and these are exacerbated by childbearing and hard physical labour (2). A study by Rao et al. (3) revealed inadequate dietary intakes during pregnancy and lactation among women in India.
FOOD SCIENCE RESEARCH JOURNAL, 2015
Overweight and obesity is a major health concern in today's era. It is escalating day by day due to rapid change in diet, lack of physical activity and lifestyle. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has described obesity as one of today's most neglected public health problem, affecting every region of the globe. According to World Health Statistics of 2012 report, one in six adults is obese, one in ten is diabetic and one in three has raised blood pressure. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio can be considered as a useful tool to assess obesity. The objective of the present study is to assess the prevalence of obesity, food consumption pattern and dietary intake of working women in Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. A pilot study was done on 50 respondents (working women) in BHU and the respondents were selected by Simple random sampling technique. From the present study the prevalence of obesity was found 68 per cent according to worldwide BMI, 74 per cent according to Asian countries BMI and 72 per cent according to waist-hip ratio. In context of food consumption pattern, 42 per cent of the respondents include fruits daily and 64 per cent of them include roots and tuber mainly potato daily in their diet. Protein and fat consumption of the respondents was high as compared to RDA 2010. The results of the study suggested that more than half of the respondents suffering from the problem of obesity. Therefore, there is a need to develop strategies to combat the problem of obesity.
https://ijshr.com/IJSHR\_Vol.5\_Issue.3\_July2020/IJSHR\_Abstract.0043.html, 2020
Background: Obesity is one of the modern day epidemics that play a significant role in causing poor health, negatively affecting quality of life and shortening the quantity of life. Obesity is increasing in the rural areas also due the changing lifestyle patterns and dietary habits especially among the women. Methods: The primary Investigator carried out a house to house survey assessing for ideal body weight among women aged20 to 50 years,who were available at the time of survey and willing to participate in the study in four villages. She measured their height and weight using a standard measuring tape and an adult weighing scale. She assessed a total of 639 women and classified them according to their weight based on WHO and Asian BMI cutoffs. Results: Among 639 women surveyed, about one-fourth (23.7%) of the participants were in age group of 15-24 years and 67.2% participants were literate. One-third (30%) of the women were overweight. Obesity was present in 14% of the study participants (26% by Asian cutoffs). Conclusions: The prevalence of obesity in rural areas was high comparing to the previous studies in the same areas. The study suggests that, there is an urgent need to implement population focused, community based programs to tackle the ever increasing problem of obesity. Nurses as public health workers have a key role in the prevention and management of overweight and obesity.
OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AMONG WOMEN IN KARNATAKA
International journal of basic and applied research, 2018
In recent decades overweight or obesity has emerged as a serious health issue among women in developed and developing countries. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obese in Karnataka, and to check relationship between Socio-economic background and overweight and obesity among women in the state. BMI status of 248 women aged between 18-45 years of age was analyzed by using anthropometric method. Results of the study: The prevalence of overweight and obesity is more in urban areas than in rural area. The risk of overweight and obesity is higher in urbanized districts. Results of the study indicate positive association between socio-economic factors like place of residence (p=0.059), economic status of family (p=0.021), education (p=0.017), and nutritional status of Women.Conclusion: India is typically known for high prevalence of under-nutrition, but now a days, overweight or obesity among women is also common. An immediate action is indeed important to fight against this serious health issue among women.
International Journal of Advanced Community Medicine
Background: Obesity results when the size or number of fat cells in a person's body increases. When a person gains weight, these fat cells first increase in size and later in number. When a person starts losing weight, the cells decrease in size, but the number of fat cells generally stays the same. This is part of the reason that once you gain a significant amount of weight, it is more difficult to lose it. The global epidemic of overweight and obesity-"globesity"-is rapidly becoming a major public health problem in many parts of the world. The obesity epidemic moves through a population in a reasonably consistent pattern over time and this is reflected in the different patterns in low-and high income countries. In more affluent countries, it is associated with lower socioeconomic status, especially in women, and rural communities. Material and Methods: The study was a population based cross sectional survey conducted among residents of rural area of Kashmir Valley in the age group of 25-64yrs. WHO STEP wise approach was utilized for conducting the study. A multistage cluster sampling design was used. People having secondary obesity, drug induced obesity and pregnant ladies were excluded from this study. The data was collected and analyzed using statistical software and chi square statistical test were applied. Results: Out of total 960 participants 12.29% were obese. Prevalence of overweight/obesity was higher in females with 48.11%. Highest prevalence for overweight/obesity was in age group of 45-54 years (55.55%). The percentage of Overweight/obese was highest in post graduates (65.78%). The prevalence of Overweight/Obese increases with higher socioeconomic classes. Overweight/obese was highest in married (46.31%) followed by ever married (44.18%) and then by unmarried (28.52%). This association was statistically highly significant (p value<0.001). Conclusion: This study found a high burden of major risk factor of non-communicable diseases with 40.62% overweight or obese. Since risk factors for major NCDs tend to appear in early life and track down into adulthood, it is thus, needed to identify those adults or groups with unfavorable risk profiles.
An epidemiological study of overweight and obesity among women in an Urban area of North India
Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 2016
The present study is a cross sectional, community based study carried out in an urban area of Ludhiana among women aged 20-60 years during 2013. The sample size of 324 was calculated on the basis of 30% prevalence rate of obesity among women in Punjab according to NFHS-3 data, using formula in infinite population: (5) Sample size (n) = z 2 p (1-p)/d 2
Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 2009
Obesity has become a major chronic disorder affecting the larger population more than any other disease in the world. 1) To determine the prevalence of obesity in both sexes in persons aged 30 years and above. 2) To determine the relationship of epidemiological determinants on the obesity status in the study subjects. The present study had been undertaken in literate high income group colonies of Gwalior city in which persons aged 30 years and above, in a family, were interviewed. A house-to-house survey method on a pre-designed, pre-tested structured questionnaire was used. Information regarding socio-demographic profile, eating habits and current health status were recorded. Anthropometric data regarding height, weight and blood pressure was also taken. The data was collected and analyzed using statistical software and chi square and proportional statistical test were applied. The study showed that 34.4% of males and 31.3 % of females, both aged 30years and above were either obese...
Changing scenario of obesity and underweight among women in India – Revisited
IP Innovative Publication Pvt. Ltd, 2017
Introduction: Obesity and underweight are a concern at global level, and its public health impact can be observed both in developed and developing countries. Objective: To evaluate percent change in prevalence of obesity and underweight and their associated factors. Methods: The NFHS-2 (1998-99) and NFHS-3 (2005-06) were used as the data source for our study. A stratified cluster multistage sampling design was used by NFHS to collect data from the 24 states, The variables used for present analysis were prevalence of nutritional status indicators such as obesity/overweight or underweight prevalence among ever married women aged 15-49 years for different factors of age, Residence, Education, Religion, Caste/tribe, Standard of living index. Results: The prevalence of obesity was 2.8% in NFHS 3 (2005-06) resulted from increase of 27.3% from NFHS 2 (1998-99). A south region of India was having highest magnitude of obesity (3.7-5.1%). Prevalence of Underweight was 35.2% in India and was declined by only 0.6% in NFHS 3 from NFHS 2. Maximum prevalence of underweight was found in East (34.1-44.0). Factors associated with obesity were age cut off of less than 20 years (10%) and wealth index. Conclusion: Problem of underweight continue to exists at the same level while obesity is on rise and appropriate public health measures to check them is essential.