A critical analysis of higher education accreditation policy processes in the emerging CARICOM Single Market and Economy Territories (original) (raw)

Educational Regionalization” and the Gated Global: The Construction of the Caribbean Educational Policy Space

Comparative Education Review, 2015

This article draws on “regime theory,” particularly on the concepts of cooperation, compatibility of interests, and proclivity to compromise, to examine the rise of the Caribbean Educational Policy Space (CEPS). In making this argument, with the aid of a content analysis of 26 educational policies from the 15 member states of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), this article first locates the different policy mechanism of external effects, or policy tools, within the regional policy environment that governs and regulates education at the national level to explain how these policy tools and mechanisms have given rise to a very distinctive form of what I call educational regionalism that frames the regional educational policy space in the Caribbean. The data show that CARICOM utilized the noneconomic process of functional cooperation, and the policy tools of lesson drawing, policy externalization, and policy transfer to respond to pressures of globalization across three different policy cycles and concludes by discussing the implications of such a policy maneuver for the integrative project of economic regionalism.

The political economy of ‘open regionalism’ and education in small (and micro) states: the construction of the Caribbean Educational Policy Space in CARICOM

Globalisation, Societies and Education, 2014

In this era of amplified regionalisation, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean's (ECLAC) conceptualisation of ‘open regionalism’ is pertinent to examine the role of regional governance mechanisms in constructing what I call the Caribbean Educational Policy Space. With the aid of a latent content analysis of policy documents that focuses on the current wave of regionalism within the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) countries, I argue that open regionalism is the instrument that facilitates the expansion of education into a regional tradable commodity that is embedded and linked to the Caribbean Single Market and Economy (CSME). I suggest that open regionalism can be further finessed to consider the modalities that make the operationalising of the integrative project possible. In essence, open regionalism is used as a governance framework by CARICOM's states to enact national educational reform. I conclude by arguing that open regionalism is an approach that is driven by the knowledge-based economy, premised upon innovation and inventiveness, which facilitates regional entry into hemispheric relations, and focused on the deepening global relations

From “Growth Driven” to “Regulatory Control”: Tertiary Education Governance in Jamaica and the Caribbean

Tertiary education in the Anglophone Caribbean, particularly in Jamaica, has become highly competitive and complex and increasingly influenced by global neoliberal discourses. This free-market driven development is partly evidenced by the proliferation of national, regional, and international providers. Yet, within this seemingly unrelenting international influence, one can also detect more recent approaches by regional governments in concert and individually, through policy and systems of governance to reassert their sovereignty and retain some level of regulation and ownership of tertiary education. This chapter establishes an analytical framework for understanding these tertiary education governance changes by drawing on the principles of critical educational policy analysis. The chapter scrutinizes the multiple sources of power, international, regional, and national, that shape the rapid ongoing tertiary educational changes. Ultimately, the chapter argues that Jamaica’s tertiary education governance can be categorized as a shift from the governance mechanisms of “growth driven” to “regulatory control.” The chapter further posits that future regional shifts in tertiary education governance will be shaped by the continuing postcolonial struggles to adapt to the global order while protecting regional and national interests and aspirations.

MERCOSUR, regulatory regionalism and contesting projects of higher education governance

Higher education (HE) governance is far from being shaped exclusively by national policy-making frameworks. In fact, territorial politics of the State is being challenged by a complex set of regulations and norms established at international and regional arenas. At the same time, these regulations and norms generate ideas and discourses of HE governance that also stimulates practices within HE institutions (HEI). Therefore, in order to surpass this methodological nationalism, avenues for research have been opened by the study of how regional integration schemes are transforming the scales for policy delivery (Jayasuriya & Robertson, 2010). Many regional integration agreements (RIA) –including Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) regionalism– have settled norms for the HE sector and most of the regional policies are by-passing the territoriality of politics of the State. As a result, the concept of regulatory regionalism is fruitful to assess these thick configurations of norms, regulations and policies that are crafting HE governance across the globe. MERCOSUR’s regional regulations, norms and policies are by-passing domestic policy process in certain agendas of integration (HE agenda), mainly supported by transnational (and transoceanic) epistemic communities and/or advocacy networks, in order to prompt domestic change (policy change / institutional change) so as to support these groups’ interests. Consequently, the concept of regulatory regionalism (Hameri & Jayasuriya, 2011; Jayasuriya & Robertson, 2010) is fruitful to assess MERCOSUR´s regionalism in HE, the implications of regional policies on domestic arenas and the contesting projects for HE regionalism. We argue that the development of MERCOSUR´s regulations for higher education has shaped at least three contesting projects of governance.