Incidence of postoperative vomiting in pediatric population undergoing anesthesia: a prospective cohort study (original) (raw)

Applicability of risk scores for postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults to paediatric patients

British Journal of Anaesthesia, 2004

Background. Scores to predict the occurrence of postoperative vomiting (PV) or nausea and vomiting (PONV) are well established in adult patients. The aim of this survey was to evaluate the applicability of risk scores developed and tested in adult patients in 983 paediatric patients (0-12 yr) undergoing various surgical procedures. Method. The predictive properties of five models were compared with respect to discriminating power (measured by the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve) and calibration (comparison of the predicted and the actual incidences of the disease by weighed linear regression analysis). Results. The cumulative incidence of PV was 33.2% within 24 h. The discriminating power was low and insufficient in all models tested (0.56-0.65). Furthermore, the predicted incidences of the scores correlated only vaguely with the actual incidences observed. Conclusion. Specialized scores for children are required. These might use the history of PV, strabismus surgery, duration of anaesthesia >45 min, age >5 yr and administration of postoperative opioids as independent risk factors.

Audit of postoperative nausea and vomiting in paediatric day case surgery

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan …, 2011

Objective: To assess the incidence of PONV, delay in discharge or unplanned admissions in paediatric surgical cases done at the Surgical Day Care Unit at Aga Khan University between January and July 2009. Methods: All paediatric ASA 1-2 cases, from 6 months to 18 years of age undergoing day case surgeries at the Surgical day care unit were included in this retrospective audit. Data was collected on a designed form filled with information from preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative recovery forms. Any relevant data was also noted from nurses notes in recovery room and step down unit. Episodes of vomiting, delay in discharge, or unplanned admission due to PONV were documented. Data was analyzed on SPSS 14. Results: Out of 163 patients only one patient (0.6%) had an episode of vomiting in the recovery room and two patients (1.2 %) had vomiting in the step down unit. There was no delay in discharge or unplanned admission due to PONV in paediatric day cases during the period of our audit. Conclusion: The incidence of postoperative vomiting in paediatric day cases at our day care unit does not justify polymodal prophylaxis as a protocol for PONV.

Predictors of nausea and vomiting risk factors and its relation to anesthesia in a teaching hospital

Trends in Medicine

Purpose: This study was conducted to estimate the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and to explore the risk factors that increase the development of PONV. Methods: A prospective study design was used to observe nausea and vomiting 24 hours postoperatively, over a 6-month period. The study sample was composed of 2,398 patients aged between 1 and 87 years. Chi-square and logistic regression were used to identify the risk factors for predicting PONV. Results: A total of 747 patients (31.2%) suffered from nausea, and 268 patients (11.2%), suffered from vomiting. Female patients and who received anesthesia more than 60 minutes, nauseated more in the recovery room and 24 hours after surgery. Female patients vomited more in the recovery and later during 24 hours; and those who received anesthesia more than 60 minutes, and who received postoperative opioids have vomited more during 24 hours after surgery. Female gender, postoperative opioids and anesthesia duration more than 60 minutes are predictive risk factors for nausea; while female gender and duration of anesthesia more than 60 minutes are predictive risk factors for vomiting. Conclusions: Female gender, use of postoperative opioids and duration of anesthesia are the most important predictive risk factors for PONV. Nonsmoking status, previous history of PONV and type of anesthesia were not found as risk factors for PONV.

Predictors of Nausea and Vomiting Risk Factors and Their Relation to Anesthesia

IAR Consortium, 2021

this paper aims to Predictors of nausea and vomiting risk factors and their relation to anesthesia were conducted in which 200 samples were collected from Ghazi al-Hariri Hospital for Specialized Surgery, Baghdad, Iraq By relying on the results of the questionnaire, which was based on the results of the statistical analysis, this effect can occur in the first days of the administration of anesthesia, and the type of operation, medications, and the general movement of the patient can lead to nausea and vomiting, although general anesthesia is very safe even for patients Those who suffer from health diseases, it may result in some side effects, The effects of anesthesia depend on the person himself, as the age factor was important and patients undergoing long operations, and to mitigate the side effects resulting from anesthesia, all preoperative instructions must be followed, including the appropriate diet in addition to the medications to be taken or avoided.

Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia Guidelines for the Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Anesthesia & Analgesia, 2007

The present guidelines were compiled by a multidisciplinary international panel of individuals with interest and expertise in postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) under the auspices of The Society of Ambulatory Anesthesia. The panel critically evaluated the current medical literature on PONV to provide an evidencebased reference tool for the management of adults and children who are undergoing surgery and are at increased risk for PONV. In brief, these guidelines identify risk factors for PONV in adults and children; recommend approaches for reducing baseline risks for PONV; identify the most effective antiemetic monotherapy and combination therapy regimens for PONV prophylaxis; recommend approaches for treatment of PONV when it occurs; and provide an algorithm for the management of individuals at increased risk for PONV. (Anesth Analg 2007;105:1615-28) Post operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a continuing concern in surgical patients and the management of this problem is still confusing. In the United States, more than 71 million inpatient and outpatient operative procedures are performed each year (1). Untreated, PONV occurs in 20%-30% of the

Prevention and Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Adults

AORN Journal, 2009

In early 2007, patients at our small community hospital's outpatient surgery center experienced postoperative nausea and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) at a rate of 27% to 35%. Many record reviews and a written survey of nurses in the postanesthesia care unit and same day surgery center revealed that little or no risk assessment and no consistent prophylaxis or treatment were in use by nurses, physicians, or anesthesia care providers.

A survey of postoperative nausea and vomiting

A prospective interview-based survey on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in 1107 in-patients aged 4-86 years was conducted during a 3-month period. Nausea, emetic episodes and the need for anti-emetic medication were recorded for 24 h postoperatively. In the recovery room, the incidence of nausea and vomiting was 18% and 5%, respectively. Over the whole 24-h period, these figures were 52% and 25%, respectively; severe nausea was experienced by 8%. The highest incidence of emetic sequelae was observed in gynaecological patients; 52% of the 822 patients who received general anaesthesia and 38% of the 285 patients who received regional anaesthesia reported nausea. The most important predictive factors associated with an increased risk for nausea and vomiting were female gender, a previous history of postoperative sickness, a longer duration of surgery, nonsmoking and a history of motion sickness. Based on these five items, a simple score predicting the risk of nausea and vomiting was constructed with a moderately good discriminating power.

Risk-tailored prophylaxis for postoperative nausea and vomiting: still a messy issue

BJA: British Journal of Anaesthesia, 2018

Engelhardt and colleagues 1 present a secondary subgroup analysis on difficult airway and ventilation management in children from multiple European centres that participated in the Anaesthesia PRactice in Children Observational Trial (APRICOT). 2 Their results provide better insight into the current management of the paediatric difficult airway throughout Europe.