Nobel, Non Nobel, Ig Nobel, and Alternative Nobel Prizes (original) (raw)
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The Nobel Prize: A Comprehensive Overview
The Nobel Prize: A Comprehensive Overview, 2024
The Nobel Prize, established in 1895 by Alfred Nobel, stands as one of the most prestigious international honors, recognizing exceptional contributions across six categories: Peace, Literature, Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine, and Economic Sciences. This comprehensive overview explores the significance, recognition, and legacy of the Nobel Prize, highlighting its role in celebrating groundbreaking achievements that shape human progress. Nobel's vision emphasized the advancement of knowledge, peace, and societal betterment, with laureates such as Martin Luther King Jr., Marie Curie, and Bob Dylan exemplifying the transformative impact of these awards. The selection process, rigorous and confidential, ensures that only those who have made profound contributions are chosen. Beyond mere recognition, the Nobel Prize provides financial support and amplifies the laureates’ work on the global stage. Its evolving nature, reflecting modern challenges like climate change and social justice, demonstrates the Prize’s enduring relevance. The Nobel Prize continues to inspire future generations, driving innovation and fostering progress in a rapidly changing world.
An Analysis of Nobel Prize for World Science (1901-2007): Physics, Chemistry and Physiology/Medicine
The paper presents an analytical study of the Nobel Prize given for the last 107 years since its inception in 1901. A general trend in the subject areas of Physics, Chemistry and Medicine, in regard to the shift in individual benefit to collaborative benefit in Nobel Prize is attempted. In doing so an attempt has been made to show the sharing has emerged in awards. This is reflected in three time eras i.e. Pre World War period; Between World War I and World War II; and Post World War II period. In these periods a study of the beneficiary nations in the three field of science i.e. Physics, Chemistry and Medicine have been analyzed to have perspective opinion of the state of the art. The study reveals that European nations that were dominating the Noble Prize awards in the pre World War period have been sidelined. The trend is visible in all fields of science. The post War period saw the emergence of USA and its allied forces. This also could be as result of migration of intellectuals from Europe, Asia Africa and other continents to USA which needs further exploration.
Journal of Digital Art & Humanities, 2020
The scientist who does not dream of receiving the Nobel Prize is unthinkable. The main reason for this research is that fact that just about 2,5% of Nobel Prize winners are Russians. This paper analyzed archive and literature documents about the activity of Alfred Nobel in Russia. In 1879 three Nobel Brothers (including Alfred) founded the "Nobel Brothers Association", abbreviated as Branobel, in Russia. Success touched Alfred Nobel’s fut in Russian business and part of his profit was secured in Russian Central Bank as we know from Alfred Nobel’s will. As a result of current research author tried to evaluate contribution of A. Nobel’s Russian business in Nobel Foundation and Russian life. Consequently, it was revealed that A. Nobel’s executor Sohlman R. stated that in the assets of the Nobel Prize the originally share of funds received from Branobel activities was about 12%.
Recipients of major scientific awards: A descriptive and predictive analysis
2016
to the relative representation of female recipients. Nobel. Of all the scientific and scholarly prizes awarded in the past century, the Nobel Prize is perhaps the most prestigious and acclaimed. In his will, Alfred Nobel left the majority of his wealth to the establishment of five prizes. Regarding the prizes, the will specifically stated that "prizes to those who, during the preceding year, shall have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind" (Nobel, 2014, The Establishment of the Nobel Prize, para.1). Furthermore, the will stated that, regarding the award of prizes, no consideration be given to the nationality of the candidates. The annual prizes were divided into five categories: physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. The first Nobel prizes were awarded in 1901 (Nobel, 2014). The will articulated that the prizes for chemistry and physics are awarded by the Swedish Academy of Sciences, the physiology or medicine prize be awarded by the Karolinska Institute, literature by the Academy in Stockholm, and the peace award be a committee of five people elected by the Norwegian Storting (Nobel, 2014). The selection process for all Nobel awards is driven by a committee. For an individual to be considered for an award, he/she must be nominated by a person who meets the nomination criteria and/or selected by a member of the governing Nobel committee (Nobel, 2014). All Nobel awards follow a similar process in selecting the Nobel Laureates. In September, nomination forms are distributed and must be submitted to each Nobel committee by February. Subsequently, each committee sends the names of preliminary candidates to experts for their assessment during the months of March through May. Next, from June through August, a report is compiled with recommendations, and submitted to the Academy and or Institute for each award field. During the month of September, the Nobel committee submits recommendations of the final candidates. Also, in October, the Nobel Laureates are chosen, and the names are announced. Finally, the Laureates receive their prize amount, medal, and diploma in December (Nobel, 2014). The significance of the Nobel award is multifaceted. First, award recipients are individuals who take chances to explore a new perspective, despite the initial odds of success. Next, they question established conclusions. For example, during 2001-2009, numerous important discoveries were made. P. Lauterbur and P. Mansfield developed magnetic resonance imaging (M.R.I.), a technology that has saved thousands of lives (Shalev, 2010). Laureates A. Hershko, A. Ciechanover, and I. Rose lead biochemistry teams that discovered how the human body kills broken protein in cells to defend itself against diseases. This advancement in understanding is being utilized in treating cancer and cystic fibrosis (Shalev, 2010). Finally, A. Fert and P. Grunberg were acknowledged for the discovery of magneto resistance by using the rules of quantum mechanics. These laureates' research allows large amounts of information to be stored on small disks, such as IPods and MP3s (Shalev, 2010).
2022
The time lag between the publication of a major scientific discovery and the conferment of a Nobel Prize has been rapidly increasing for the natural science disciplines (chemistry, medicine-physiology, and physics), but has not yet matched the corresponding "waiting period" for the Nobel Prize in Economics. The aim of the present study is to empirically examine the time gap between pioneering work and Nobel recognition and discuss possible explanations for its variation across time and disciplines. The analysis provides evidence to support the argument that attributes such as bestowments of accolades widely regarded as Nobel Prize precursors, citation indices, and sharing of the award between multiple recipients, may explain this variation, but only to some extent. In the discussion that follows, the notably longer waiting period in economics is attributed to factors such as the laureates' age, the impact of which the current study cannot empirically examine. Since the Nobel Prize cannot be awarded posthumously, the Nobel Committee members may tend to grand the award to older economists before they pass away and become ineligible.
Factors determining the award of nobel prizes in physics and chemistry 1901–1929
Endeavour, 1983
For over eighty years the award of a Nobel Prize has been recognized as the supreme accolade in science and medicine. Until recently the nature of the decision-making process by which the final choice was made has been a matter for speculation but recently the Nobel Foundation has opened its archives for the first thirty years of the awards. This has thrown much interesting light on the factors-objective and subjective-influencing the Nobel committees.