Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring for Evaluating the Relationships Between Lifestyle, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk (original) (raw)
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Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 2012
Objectives-Blunted nighttime blood pressure dipping is an established cardiovascular risk factor. This study examined the effect of job strain on nighttime blood pressure dipping among men and women with high blood pressure. Methods-The sample consisted of 122 blue collar and white collar workers (men=72, women=50). Job psychological demands, job control and social support were measured by the Job Content Questionnaire. Job strain was assessed by the ratio of job demands/job control. Nighttime blood pressure dipping was evaluated from 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring performed on three workdays. Results-Men with high job strain had a 5.4 mm Hg higher sleep systolic blood pressure (P=0.03) and 3.5 mm Hg higher sleep pulse pressure (P=0.02) compared to men with low job strain. Men with high job strain had a smaller fall in systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure from awake to sleep than those with low job strain (P<0.05). Hierarchical analyses showed that job strain was an independent determinant of systolic blood pressure dipping (P=0.03) among men after adjusting for ethnicity, body mass index, anxiety and depression symptoms, current smoking status, and alcohol consumption. Further exploratory analyses indicated that job control was the salient component of job strain associated with blood pressure dipping (p=.03). Conclusions-High job strain is associated with a blunting of the normal diurnal variation in blood pressure and pulse pressure, which may contribute to the relationship between job strain and cardiovascular disease.
Effects of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring on daily activities
Health Psychology, 1990
Compared the self-monitored activities, locations, and postural positions of 28 hypertensives while they wore an alarm watch and then while they wore a 24-hr ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM) to see if wearing the ABPM led to alterations in behavior. Within the limitations of the study (no counterbalancing of order and twice as many ABPM measures as watch measures), we found significant differences in frequency of being at home or in miscellaneous settings, in standing and reclining positions, and in mental, physical and miscellaneous activities between the two occasions.
Day-To-Day Variability Prompts Seven-Day and 24 -Hour Blood Pressure Profiles
2002
In order to analyse the dynamics of blood pressure measured in periods shorter than a week, we evaluated the results of measurements in a 68-year-old man with benign prostatic hypertrophy and hypertension. During the period of investigation between September and November 1999, he changed his drinking habits and the time of Hytrin intake. In three 7-day periods, he monitored his blood pressure and heart rate around the clock. The results showed that alcohol consumption was related to an increase in circadian-hyper-amplitude-tension regardless of medication. K e y w o r d s Blood pressure variability, Circadian rhythm, Circaseptan rhythm
Psychosocial influences on blood pressure during daily life
International Journal of Psychophysiology, 1998
Ž. Ž. Ambulatory blood pressure ABP monitoring allows frequent non-invasive blood pressure BP recordings in a variety of settings. Emerging evidence suggests that ABP is a better predictor of cardiovascular morbidity than clinic BP. Ambulatory blood pressure is influenced by a variety of physical, psychological and behavioral factors that comprise an individual's daily life. The present article reviews psychosocial research relating ABP to psychological Ž. Ž. factors e.g. Type A behavior pattern, angerrhostility and environmental influences e.g. job strain. Psychological factors and environmental factors alone and in interaction with each other appear to substantially influence ABP. Interacting physical, psychosocial and behavioral factors that comprise daily life provide unique methodological Ž. challenges to ABP research. Methodological considerations e.g. activity patterns, caffeine and alcohol consumption for performing ABP research are discussed. Evidence outlined in this review suggests that psychosocial factors contribute to ABP level. To the extent that psychosocial factors contribute to ABP cardiac disease, it will be important to analyze their effects on underlying disease processes. ᮊ 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.
American Journal of Hypertension, 1999
Lifestyle factors are critical determinants of blood pressure levels operating against a background of genetic susceptibility. Excess body fat is a predominant cause of hypertension with additive effects of dietary salt, alcohol, and physical inactivity. Controlled trials in hypertensives show blood pressure lowering effects of supplemental potassium, fibre, n-3 fatty acids, and diets rich in fruit and vegetables and low in saturated fats. 64 Some population studies show an inverse relationship between dietary protein and blood pressure levels. Regular coffee drinking raises blood pressure in hypertensives. The role of "stress" remains enigmatic, with "job strain" being a possible independent risk factor for hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1999;12:934 -945
Clinical physiology (Oxford, England), 1998
A series of standardized laboratory tests [10 min sitting and supine, 9 min standing, dynamic; cycle ergometer (ERG) and isometric exercise; handgrip (HG)] were performed during intra-arterial blood pressure (BP) recording in 97 healthy unmedicated men, initially classified as normotensive (NT, n = 34), borderline hypertensive (BHT, n = 29) or mildly hypertensive (HT, n = 34) by repeated office blood pressure (OBP) measurements. After testing, a 24-h intra-arterial ambulatory BP (IABP) recording was obtained while subjects performed their normal activities. Day and night periods were analysed as well as 24-h averages for systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) using Pearson correlations and multiple linear regressions. In normotensive subjects, the supine SBP predicted IABP measurements best (r range 0.39-0.69, P < 0.05-0.001). In multiple regression, supine SBP explained 49% of 24-h SBP variance (F = 12.4, P = 0.001). For BHT, supine SBP was also the best predictor (r range 0.0...
Journal of Hypertension, 1991
In order to determine reference values for ambulatory blood pressure, a sample of 815 healthy bank employees (399 men and 416 women), aged 17-79 years, were investigated. Ambulatory blood pressure was recorded over 24 h, taking measurements at U)-min intervals. Blood pressure was also measured by trained observers in the clinic Ambulatory blood pressure in the 815 subjects averaged 118172 mmHg over 24h, 124178 mmHg during the day (1000-2259 h) and 106161 mmHg at night (0100-0659 h). Office blood pressure, measured by an observer, was 412 mmHg lower (P < 0.0001) than daytime arnbulatory pressure. The 95th centiles for the daytime ambulatory pressure in men were: 114188 mmHg for the age group 17-29 years (n = 107); 143/91 mmHg from 30-39 years (n = 123); 150198 mmHg from 40-49 years (n = 109); and 1551103 mmHg in 50-79 year old men (n = 60); for the corresponding age groups in women, the 95th centiles of the daytime pressure were: 131183 mmHg (n = 174); 132J85 mmHg (n 149); 150194 mmHg (n = 55); and 177197 mmHg (n = 38).
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and risk of cardiovascular disease: a population based study
American journal of hypertension, 2006
Information on the relationship between ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular disease in the general population is sparse. Prospective study of a random sample of 1700 Danish men and women, aged 41 to 72 years, without major cardiovascular diseases. At baseline, ambulatory BP, office BP, and other risk factors were recorded. The end point was a combined end point consisting of cardiovascular mortality, ischemic heart disease, and stroke. After a mean follow-up of 9.5 years, 156 end points were recorded. In multivariate models, the relative risk (95% confidence interval) associated with increments of 10/5 mmHg of systolic/diastolic ambulatory BP were 1.35 (1.21-1.50) and 1.27 (1.16-1.39). The corresponding figures for office BP were 1.18 (1.09-1.29) and 1.11 (1.03-1.19). Compared with normotension (office BP <140/90 mm Hg; daytime BP <135/85 mm Hg) the relative risks associated with isolated office hypertension (office BP >/=140/90 mm Hg; daytime BP <135/85 mm...
2006
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