NATION AND EUROPE IN SPANISH PUBLIC DISCOURSES: A Comparative Analysis of Press, TV and Parties (original) (raw)

Polarization in Media Discourses on Europeanization in Spain

Politics and Governance, 2023

Political and media polarization has had a detrimental impact on democratic principles and democratic processes on a global scale. In Europe, such polarization has eroded the trust in national and European institutions and has challenged the basic values that stand at the heart of the European integration project. The aim of this study is to analyze Spanish media discourses on Europeanization, with an attempt to identify key areas in which polarizing narratives related to Europeanization are more prevalent. To conduct our study, six national media outlets were selected based on four criteria: media format, ownership, ideology, and consumption. A final sample of 540 news items collected between July 2021 to March 2022 was selected for analysis. Using a qualitative methodological approach, the study was carried out in two stages. In the first phase, we conducted a content analysis to identify the main topics discussed in relation to the European Union and the actors represented in them. This led to the identification of polarizing narratives and discourses emerging in the context of the discussed topics. In the second phase, we used critical discourse analysis to analyze polarizing discourses.

The European Union representation in Spanish media: discourses and polarization through the energy crisis La representación de la Unión Europea en los medios españoles: discursos y polarización a través de la crisis energética

Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 2023

Introduction: Spain's gradual integration into the European Union through the development of institutions and economic and structural changes is intrinsic to the construction of a pro-European public opinion in which the media have actively participated. Objectives: This research aims to analyse the topics disseminated by the leading Spanish media to detect how the EU is represented in these themes, determine the main, adjacent and counter-discourses and find out the degree of North/South polarisation. Methodology: By content analysis and critical discourse analysis, this paper studies 543 units from the Spanish media El País, El Confidencial, ABC, El Diario.es, RTVE and Antena 3 from July 2021 to March 2022. Discussion and conclusion: Following the methodological application, the results obtained allow us to conclude that the construction of Europeanisation in the Spanish media is constructed about specific issues, and after an in-depth analysis of the energy issue, we can affirm that media coverage is neutral in general terms. Europeanisation is presented from a role with the greater weight of Spain in the common project than in previous historical stages presented in the introduction

The War in Ukraine and the EU's Geopolitical Role in Spanish Media Discourses

Media and Communication, 2023

The EU's ability to protect common interests and effectively address the challenges faced by its members relating to external threats is one of the most debated questions in the European landscape. Understandably, the war in Ukraine has had a major impact on discourses regarding the EU Common Security and Defense Policy, granting them more space and thus visibility in the media and public debates. Our study examines Spanish media discourses about the EU's geopolitical role and, more specifically, to what extent such discourses foster or hamper European integration processes. To collect data and carry out this study, we selected six media outlets based on their ownership, ideological stance, consumption frequency, and impact on public opinion. Our sample includes 540 news items, collected between July 2021 and March 2022. Our discourse analysis benefits from, inter alia, a Foucauldian framework that focuses on the sayable, conservation, memory, reactivation, and appropriation. In addition, we also identify communicative strategies that are employed to promote different discourses, as well as possible policy alternatives, concerning the EU's geopolitical role and future prospects.

Introduction: Structuring political conflict about Europe: National media in transnational discourse analysis

Perspectives on European Politics and Society, 2007

What lessons can be drawn from the failure of the "Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe" to gain legitimacy? The introductory chapter presents the analytical framework, empirical data and methods employed by an international research team at the University of Bremen to explore this question. First, it sets out the framework used in this study to examine the patterns and dynamics of political conflict on European integration in the context of EU constitutional politics. Second, it describes the construction of the empirical data set which includes 7.378 articles from 31 print media, all of which cover the political debates in six new and old member states during Constitutional Treaty ratification, rejection and reflection (Oct. 2004-Oct. 2005). Third, methodologically speaking, it outlines the quantitative and qualitative methods of political discourse analysis that reflect a special focus on argumentation and justification, transnational discursive interaction, and inclusion/exclusion. Finally, a number of comparative findings are highlighted that correct popular misconceptions about why the TCE failed and help to determine to what degree not the text or context of the constitutional project but the process is to blame for this.

Ruud Koopmans and Paul Statham (eds), The Making of a European Public Sphere: Media Discourses and Political Contention

European Journal of Communication, 2011

This edited volume sets out to examine the Europeanization of media discourse vis-à-vis advancing European integration and to explore its relation to political practice and the 'European democratic deficit'. The studies presented investigate patterns of communication and interaction that emerge alongside institutional and policy regulation at the EU level and these are used to draw conclusions about how conditions of Europeanization, transnationalism and globalization affect the ways democratic politics is performed.

Structuring Conflict about Europe: National Media in Transnational Discourse Analysis

What lessons can be drawn from the failure of the "Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe" to gain legitimacy? The introductory chapter presents the analytical framework, empirical data and methods employed by an international research team at the University of Bremen to explore this question. First, it sets out the framework used in this study to examine the patterns and dynamics of political conflict on European integration in the context of EU constitutional politics. Second, it describes the construction of the empirical data set which includes 7.378 articles from 31 print media, all of which cover the political debates in six new and old member states during Constitutional Treaty ratification, rejection and reflection (Oct. 2004-Oct. 2005). Third, methodologically speaking, it outlines the quantitative and qualitative methods of political discourse analysis that reflect a special focus on argumentation and justification, transnational discursive interaction, and inclusion/exclusion. Finally, a number of comparative findings are highlighted that correct popular misconceptions about why the TCE failed and help to determine to what degree not the text or context of the constitutional project but the process is to blame for this.

Between Europeanization and De-Europeanization: A Comparative Content Analysis of the Pre-election Presentation of the EU Agenda in the Czech Quality Press

Communications, 2014

The paper explores the process of the Czech journalists setting the 9 EU agenda in the media during the 'hot phase' of the Czech national parliament 10 election campaigns in 2002, 2006, and 2010. Unlike most studies that concen-11 trated on the media agenda in the European Parliament election campaigns, 12 we focused on periods that were neither strictly key events nor routine, but 13 that were more intensively covered by the media and simultaneously generated 14 more influential political representation defining national political attitudes to-15 wards the EU. Articles that referred to the EU during the 'hot phase' were con-16 tent analyzed. The results suggest that in the Czech press, the EU agenda is 17 less and less visible, and, moreover, that it is increasingly negatively framed 18 and reduced to an economic agenda. 19 6 1 1 2 DE GRUYTER MOUTON 3 458 Marína Urbániková and Jaromír Volek 4 29 members. There are a multitude of reasons for this result, one of which could 30 be the Czech media and the way they report on EU issues. 31 Our research explores how the EU agenda is presented in the media and 32 contributes to the broader discussion of the participation of the mass media in 33 shaping the EU agenda. Unlike previous studies, which concentrated either on 34 key-event periods (e.g. the EP elections, summits, etc.) or routine periods, this 35 study is focused on a period that is, from the EU perspective, neither strictly a 36 key event nor routine, and that is at the same time a period of intensified 37 electorate/audience attention -the 'hot phase' of national parliament (NP) 38 election campaigns. 39

Framing the European Union and Building the Media Agenda: The 2004 European Parliamentary Elections in the Spanish Daily Press

Journal of Political Marketing, 8 (1), pp. 59-69, 2009

This article uses the analysis of the 2004 European elections in the Spanish press as a case study that can be broached from the agenda building and framing theoretical frameworks. We seek to compare the media agenda in the 2004 and 1999 European elections by use of a content analysis in order to evaluate the impact of new real-world conditions (the March 11 Madrid bombings) and new strategies of political actors after the March 14 general elections concerning foreign affairs on the news coverage. The research also aims to advance framing research by identifying news frames (as the “conflict frame” and the “political game frame”) that can link this study with prior ones.