Community Preparation and Vulnerability Indices for Floods in Pahang State of Malaysia (original) (raw)

Identifying Factors to Develop and Validate Social Vulnerability to Floods in Malaysia: A Systematic Review Study

Sustainability

Flood disasters, a natural hazard throughout human history, have caused significant damage to human safety and infrastructure. This paper presents a systematic study using databases from Springer Link, Science Direct, JSTOR, and Web of Science. The study employs the PRISMA report analysis method to examine 11 flood disaster case studies between 2010 and 2022. The findings reveal that demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, and access to healthcare crucially determine social vulnerability to adverse flood events. Notably, risk perception and coping capacity also received substantial attention in the case studies. Unfortunately, many indicators of social vulnerability fail to adequately consider the influence of these factors. The effects of factors that make communities vulnerable vary across disaster stages and countries. This emphasizes the importance of considering specific situations and locations when understanding the origins and consequences of vulnerability. The ar...

Understanding urban flood vulnerability and resilience: a case study of Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

Natural Hazards

Malaysia is frequently affected by the annual flooding event caused by the seasonal monsoon which accounts for significant losses. Flood risk, exposure and damage potential are increasing, causing the level of poverty and vulnerability to rise. The annual occurrence of the flood hazard has forced residents to prepare beforehand to help them spring back to their daily life faster. This study aimed to investigate and understand the vulnerability and resilience of the victims towards floods in Kuantan, Pahang. A qualitative approach of focus group discussion (FGD) is used to obtain detailed and authentic information. A total of thirty-one (31) participants who were flood victims took part in the FGD. Six groups were formed for the FGD based on different criteria such as gender, age, education background, occupation, monthly income and social class. Each FGD group consisted of four to six participants. When the participants were asked to rank their top five daily challenges, many though...

Socio-economic vulnerability and losses of flood in Lampung, Indonesia

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science

This study aims to determine the distribution of flood locations and the level of socio-economic vulnerability of the community and total losses due to flood disasters in Lampung, Indonesia. Climate change causes extreme weather. Thus, the rainfall increases from the previous year. This study utilizes the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) and Livelihood Vulnerability Index - the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (LVI-IPCC) to determine socio-economic vulnerability. The losses due to flood were analyzed by the ECLAC method (the Economic Commission for Latin America Caribbean). The level of vulnerability of the Lampung community to flood is expected to be classified as high based on the LVI and LVI-IPCC scales. The community suffered economic losses due to flood that occurred in Lampung.

IMPACTS OF FLASH FLOOD EVENTS ON COMMUNITY WELL-BEING AND FLASH FLOOD CONTROL MEASURES: A CASE STUDY OF YAN, KEDAH, MALAYSIA

Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2023

Recent flash flooding in the Yan region of Kedah severely affected the population well-being. This natural disaster has washed away large quantities of logs in the area. In addition to examining the impacts and adaptation of the population in response to flash floods, this study examines the causes of flash floods that occur. The cause of the flash flood was determined through observations and validated by information from relevant government publications, and a questionnaire was distributed to 110 residents of the affected area. The results indicate that natural factors rather than illegal activities are the primary cause of flash floods. The effects of flash floods include the loss and destruction of property, transportation, buildings and agriculture. Most affected residents have adapted by widening waterways and river channels, but they refuse to relocate to safer areas. Their self-initiatives may become irrelevant if the magnitude of the disaster increases. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of flash floods in a rural region adjacent to a protected area and demonstrates that the community does not accept all strategies proposed by the authorities. The community's willingness to adapt to natural disaster demonstrates that it is based on psychosocial and economic factors, as well as authority intervention. Thus, there is a need to implement intervention programmes to increase the level of preparedness of the population to face the possibility of such disasters in the future, including psychosocial support and effective flood prevention facilities that also affect the phenomenon at the bottom level.

Adaptations Assessment on the Impacts of Flooding Under Current Condition and Climate Change Scenario, Case Study: Centini Village, Indonesia

TATALOKA

Reducing community vulnerability to flooding is increasingly important given predicted intensive flood events in many parts of the world. We built a community vulnerability model to explore the effectiveness of a range of proactive and reactive adaptations to reduce community vulnerability to flood. The model consists of floods, victims, housings, responses, savings, expenditure and income sub models. We explore the robustness of adaptations under current conditions and under a range of future climate change scenarios. We present results of this model for a case study of Centini Village in Lamongan Municipality, Indonesia, which is highly vulnerable to the impacts of annual small-scale and infrequent extreme floods. We compare 11 proactive adaptations using indicators of victims, damage/losses and recovery process to reflect the level of vulnerability. We find that reforestation and flood infrastructure redevelopment are the most effective proactive adaptations for minimising vulne...

Community-Based Flood Vulnerability Index for Urban Flooding: Understanding Social Vulnerabilities and Risks

Advances in Hydroinformatics, 2015

According to the World Risk Report released by the United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security, the Philippines is ranked third globally in terms of disaster risk. One of those disaster risks is flooding which poses a serious challenge to the development and the lives of the people. Public health risks and understanding social vulnerability are usually overlooked and undermined and only very little attention is given. Thus, this research work focuses on these aspects. This research was an exploratory step towards assessing vulnerability particularly to fluvial flooding. It was a rapid assessment of the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) of the community people towards flood vulnerability and resilience and their exposure to microorganisms such as E.coli, Leptospirosis and the Dengue Fever mosquito which could pose an outbreak after a typhoon event. Appropriate community-based indicators were formulated and developed. Their socio-demographic profile, housing conditions, physical environment and governance were also included. These are important factors to be assessed in order to establish correlations and relationships in understanding social vulnerabilities and risks using local indicators which can be incorporated later in hydroinformatics. The survey was done from March 2013 to July 2013 to capture the dry and wet season for sampling. A total of 357 household respondents from the 12 communities and 30 respondents from the LGU and NGO were surveyed. Results of the study revealed an overall Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI) of 39.34%. Barangay Tabuctubig (53.39%) topping from all the 12 communities surveyed using the newly developed 36 community-based flood vulnerability indicators with its corresponding 5 major components namely; hydro-climatic, social, economic, socio-behavioral and the politicoadministrative. This research also reveals the most vulnerable communities from each of those 5 major components surveyed. It is interesting to note that Flood Vulnerability Index remains low in spite that the exposure indicators are high. The low FVI can be attributed to the community's high resilience in its coping and adaptation strategies. In this research work, the Flood Vulnerability Index is significantly sensitive to susceptibility and flood resilience variables.

Factors contributing to Flood Resilience among Rural Community: Case Study of the East Coast of Malaysia

Disaster Advances, Vol 12(9) pp. 41-49, 2019

From the spatial planning context, the National Rural Physical Policy (NRPP) 2030 indicated that almost 31% villages nationwide are identified as disaster risk villages. Based on Government of Malaysia records of more than 89 years, flood remains as the highest contributor to damage and economic losses in comparison to other disasters. This study is intended to assess internal and external factors that contributed to rural community resilience towards disaster particularly flood in relation to the context of disaster resilience concept and sustainable development goals (SDGs). Three case study areas have been selected for household surveys including (1) Lubok Setol village in Kelantan state; (2) Teladas village in Terengganu state and (3) Gajah Mati village in Pahang state. Using stratified random sampling for questionnaire distribution, the household survey received feedbacks from a total of 90 respondents. Results showed that community resilience to flood in all three villages is strongly contributed from respondent's adoption of local knowledge combined with intervention and support from related government agencies as well as from non-governmental organisations and respondents which happen to be the disaster victims did indicate their ability to 'bounce back' after the disaster, indicating a positive act of resilient to disaster. Conclusion is drawn from the data analysis to prove that both the internal and external factors significantly contributed towards rural community resilient to disaster particularly flood.

Assessing the Vulnerability of Rural Households to Floods at Pol-e Dokhtar Region in Iran

Sustainability, 2022

The agricultural sector in rural areas is seriously affected by climate change, affecting agricultural production and farming communities. This paper investigates rural households’ vulnerability to floods in the seven agricultural-based regions of Pol-e Dokhtar, south of Lorestan Province, Iran. The primary data for the vulnerability indicators were collected from 322 households. Three main components of vulnerability, including exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, were measured using the obtained data. The weighting of indicators was done by the MSF method and using MATLAB software. The results showed that the social and economic characteristics of households affect their vulnerability to floods. The Jayder, Mamolan, and Afrineh regions, which were more exposed to floods, had less capacity for adaptation. The results showed that the most vulnerable communities could be described by characteristics such as low levels of agricultural insurance, limited access to credit, low ...

A community-based approach to flood hazard and vulnerability assessment in flood prone areas :: A case study in Kelurahan Sewu Surakarta City Indonesia

2010

Kelurahan Sewu of Surakarta City is located in a flood prone area. The largest flood inundation which occurred on the late December 2007 caused inundation on the entire village. Strengthening and raising public awareness of disaster-prone areas is necessary in order to reduce the vulnerability and risk. Community knowledge is very important to improve preparedness and mitigation to reduce impact due to flood. The research is focused on a local scale, and is based on community knowledge of, flood hazard, identify the element at risk, and assess the vulnerability of each of the elements at risk.

Community-Based Flood Risk Management: Empowering Local Responses: A Case Study in Meru, Klang

Asian social science, 2024

With an expansive flood-prone region, effectively managing risks, particularly those impacting residents in flood-prone communities, poses a significant challenge for Malaysia. Regular in-depth studies are essential to enable the country to anticipate and comprehend the emerging risks that capable of causing both loss of life and damage to properties and public infrastructure. This research aimed to investigate the dynamics of flood risk management and present recommendations for stakeholders in mitigating the consequences of flood events. Employing a qualitative approach, 13 participants, all flood victims residing in Meru, Klang, were purposefully selected. The participants were divided into two groups: the first group, comprising 5 participants, engaged in a focus group interview, while the second group, consisting of 8 participants, responded to open-ended questions. Both groups answered identical structured questions in both oral and written formats. Thematic Analysis (TA) was applied to analyse the data from these exercises. The findings revealed that flood risk management comprises four components: psychological risk, improper development risk, evacuation risk, and communal risk. The study recommends the implementation of a comprehensive flood mitigation plan covering pre-, during, and post-flood phases to address the specific requirements arising during flood events. It is hoped that this research contributes valuable insights to augment the existing flood management system, benefiting not only the victims but also all stakeholders involved in managing the impacts of flood events.