Personality disorder and substance related disorders: a six-month follow-up study with a Brazilian sample (original) (raw)
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Personality disorders and substance use disorders: a narrative review
Electronic physician
Background: Personality factors have always been considered to play an important role in the etiology of substance-related disorders. Psychopathologic factors underlying an individual's personality structure have a major role in his or her tendency to use substances. This comorbidity can have an adverse effect on seeking and complying with treatment. Objective: This review provides the comorbidity of personality disorders and substance use disorders (SUD). Methods: In this report which was conducted in 2016, authors gathered data from different journals issued in print or electronic versions. These journals were indexed in Web of Science (Thomson Reuters), PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Science Direct, Scientific Information Database (SID) and Magiran. A comprehensive search was done using keywords "Comorbidity", "Personality disorders" and "Substance use disorders". The research investigated in this review was conducted from January 1995 to 2016. Results: Comorbidity of borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality and diagnostic and therapeutic considerations are the most well-known problems in personality disorder. In dealing with these patients special attention should be paid to their safety, suicidal and homicidal thoughts Conclusion: It should be noted that an early diagnosis of comorbid personality disorder would lead to an adjusted expectancy from treatment, and adoption of long-term treatments for these patients
Co-morbidity of personality disorders in individuals with substance use disorders
European Psychiatry, 2001
SummaryThis review summarizes the recent literature about personality disorders among substance abusers. First, it will be shown that personality disorders are highly prevalent co-morbid conditions among addicted individuals. Second, it is argued that this co-morbidity is likely to be accounted for by multiple complex etiological relationships. Finally, the clinical relevance of routine assessment of (maladaptive) personality traits in individuals admitting for substance abuse treatment will be discussed.
Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 2015
Background: Individuals with certain personality disorders, especially the antisocial and borderline personality disorders, are more prone to substance use disorders. Objectives: Regarding the importance of substance use disorders, this study aimed to explore the association between personality disorders and types of used drugs (narcotics and stimulants) in Iranian male substance users. Patients and Methods: The current study was a correlation study. We evaluated 285 male substance users and excluded 25 according to exclusion criteria. A total of 130 narcotic users and 130 stimulant users were recruited randomly in several phases from January 2013 to October 2013. All participants were referred to Substance Dependency Treatment Clinics in Tehran, Iran. Data collection process was accomplished by means of clinical interview based on DSM-V criteria for substance use disorders, Iranian version of addiction severity index (ASI), and Millon clinical multi-axial inventory-III (MCMI-III). Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression, the. Results: There was a significant correlation between stimulant use and histrionic personality disorder (P < 0.001) and antisocial and narcissistic personality disorders (P < 0.05). In addition, correlation between avoidant, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders (P < 0.05) and depressed, antisocial, and borderline personality disorders (P < 0.001) with narcotics consumption were significant. In clusters, there was a significant correlation between cluster B personality disorders, and narcotic and stimulants consumption (P < 0.001). In addition, this association was explored between cluster C personality disorder and narcotics (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study in terms of personality disorders and types of used drugs were in accordance with the previous studies results. It is necessary to design appropriate treatment plans for medical treatment of those with personality disorders.
PLoS ONE, 2021
Introduction Alcohol Use Disorders are frequently comorbid with personality disorders. However, the heterogeneity of the prevalence estimates is high, and most data come from high income countries. Our aim is to estimate the prevalence and association between alcohol use outcomes and the three DSM-5 clusters of personality disorders in a representative sample of the São Paulo Metropolitan Area. Materials and methods A representative household sample of 2,942 adults was interviewed using the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview and the International Personality Disorder Examination Screening Questionnaire. Lifetime PD diagnoses were multiply imputed, and AUD diagnoses were obtained using DSM-5 criteria. We conducted cross-tabulations and logistic regression to estimate the associations between AUDs and PDs. Results and discussion Our study did not find significant associations of PDs with heavy drinking patterns or mild AUD. Cluster B PD respondents tended to show the hig...
Personality disorders and associated features in cocaine-dependent inpatients
Comprehensive Psychiatry, 1994
Previous research has shown a high prevalence of comorbid personality disorders among individuals seeking treatment for cocaine dependence. We studied axis II disorders (using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders [SCID-II]) in 50 patients admitted for inpatient rehabilitation. All patients met lifetime criteria for cocaine dependence and reported cocaine use during the month before admission. Seventy percent of patients met criteria for at least one axis II diagnosis; the mean number of axis II diagnoses among these patients was 2.54 (range, one to six). The most common axis II diagnosis was borderline (34% of all patients), followed by antisocial and narcissistic (each 28%). avoidant and paranoid (each 22%). obsessive-compulsive (18%). and dependent (10%). To evaluate the relationship between comorbid personality pathology, substance abuse, and other psychiatric symptomatology, patients were divided into two groups based on whether they received an axis II disorder diagnosis. The groups did not differ on substance abuse variables. However, there were significant group differences on a measure of psychosis proneness and in the number of comorbid depressive and anxiety disorder diagnoses. These results are consistent with other studies of personality disorders in substance abuse patients, and suggest that it may be clinically useful to characterize cocaine-dependent patients with respect to comorbid axis II disorders.
The role of personality pathology in the aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders
Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 2000
The role of personality pathology in the aetiology and treatment of substance use disorders Roel Verheul and Wim van den Brink The concept of personality in addiction research has traditionally been subject to controversies about its measurement and role in aetiology and treatment. Early studies (1950±1980) typically sought but failed to identify a single pre-addictive personality, suggesting either clinical heterogeneity or the unimportance of personality as an aetiological factor. This review summarizes recent evidence for the notion that distinct personality traits do play an important role in several pathways to addictive behaviours. Furthermore, it will be argued that recent studies strongly indicate the clinical relevance of the routine assessment of (maladaptive) personality traits in individuals admitted for substance abuse treatment. Curr Opin Psychiatry 13:163±169. # 2000
Measuring Personality Problems in Patients With Substance Use Disorders: A Cross-Sample Validation
Journal of Dual Diagnosis
Objective: Co-occurrence of substance use disorder and personality disorder (PD) is associated with greater functional impairment and mutual deterioration of the prognosis. More information is needed about the extent of personality problems in substance use disorder patients and when these problems can be assessed in a reliable way. The aim of this study was to compare the levels and scale reliability of (mal)adaptive personality functioning in four different samples and to discuss the possible clinical implications. Methods: Personality problems were assessed using the self-report Severity Indices of Personality Problems (SIPP) questionnaire in four samples: (a) 136 patients in the detoxification phase, (b) 187 patients with substance use disorder in long-term inpatient treatment, (c) 1,399 patients with PD in day and outpatient treatment, and (d) a community population of 935 respondents. Scale reliability of the SIPP facets was computed for each sample and levels of personality problems were compared among samples. Results: The scale reliability was acceptable for most of the SIPP facets in both substance use disorder samples. The substance use disorder samples had scores on SIPP that reflected greater personality dysfunction compared with the general community population and at a level similar to the PD population. Conclusions: SIPP appears to be a promising instrument for assessing personality pathology in substance use disorder treatment. The finding of high levels of maladaptive personality functioning in substance use disorder populations challenges the clinical management of the substance use disorder patient group and supports the development of integrated treatment approaches.
Chemical dependence and personality
This study investigated the relationships between chemical dependency and personality structure in a Brazilian sample. Participants were college students (n=35) and patients of a drug recovery center (n= 48). Two personality scales based on the Big-5 Model were used to measure Extraversion and Agreeableness. A semi-structured interview was used to identify events in the patients' life histories that might support specific classifications. Participants' scores were also compared to Brazilian normative samples. The results showed significant differences between clinical and non-clinical groups in Agreeableness, but not in Extraversion. Logistic regression analyses were conducted using scales and interview aspects for predicting group membership. The model showed 92.1% general predictive power. Results pointed to the advantage of using both interview and objective techniques to assess individuals with antisocial personality symptoms.
Substance abuse and psychopathology
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 1989
This report evaluates, using DSM III, the psychopathological profile of 226 heroin users taken in at the clinical centre of "Cascina Verde" Therapeutic Community (Milan, Italy) and admitted to a psychotherapeutic, retraining, integrated, both outand-in-patient treatment. The outcome shows that 30% of subjects are to be diagnosed according to Axis I while 61% are to be considered among Axis II personality disorders. A portion of 16% is to be referred to the "schizophrenic spectrum", 25% has histrionic, narcissistic, antisocial and borderline personality disorders and the remaining are to be referred to an extremely heterogeneous category. The report shows also data concerning Axes IV and V, always according DSM III.