MotasadiZarandi M. Effects of Parents’ Level of Education and Economic Status on the Age at Cochlear Implantation in Children (original) (raw)
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The International Tinnitus Journal
Background and Objective: Age of cochlear implantation (CI) is an important factor for restoring normal auditory processing and different language skills so that early diagnosis of hearing loss significantly influences the rate of developmental skills in these children. The present study aimed to investigate different factors affecting the age of hearing loss diagnosis and CI in children with hearing loss. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional trial conducted on the children with hearing loss that underwent CI (n=252) in the Khuzestan Cochlear Implant center, Ahvaz, Iran during 2012 to 2015. The demographic data of children and parents, age of diagnosis, application of hearing aid, and rehabilitation therapy were collected through a questionnaire during the regular visits of the patients. The data were analyzed using statistical package SPSS (Windows, version 18).The normality of data and homogeneity of variances were evaluated through Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Leven tests, respectively. Then, T-test was used to evaluate the statistically significance of the difference and Pearson correlation coefficient to determine the relationship between the quantitative variables. Results: The mean age of diagnosis was 10.7 months (range 0.1 to 60 months). Of 252 patients, 131 (52%) were male and 121 (48%) were female (p=0.98) and 123 patients (50.2%) had a positive family history of hearing loss or deafness (p<0.0001). In addition, 17 patients (6.9%) had a favorable economic status, while 96 (38.9%) had a moderate and 134 (53.2%) a low economic status. Interestingly, 78.8% of the deaf children were from parents of consanguineous marriages, and 12.2% from non-consanguineous unions. Of the six studied variables, only family history and family relationship variables showed significant relationship with age of diagnosis of hearing loss. Conclusion: Providing comprehensive basic information and increased awareness may help all parents, even those with low socioeconomic status and educational level, to detect hearing loss in their newborns as early as possible. This approach could prevent the consequent adverse effects of hearing loss on psychological, social, and social dimensions as well as on educational achievement in childhood.
Ages of hearing loss diagnosis and cochlear implantation in hearing impaired children
Audiology, 2012
Background and Aim: Early diagnosis of hearing loss lead to early intervention and improvement of developmental skills of children with hearing loss. The present study aimed to determine the mean age of hearing loss diagnosis and cochlear implantation (CI) in hearing impaired children and to compare the age of performing cochlear implantation in children who were identified by newborn hearing screening with those who were not. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 96 children with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss who received cochlear implantation in Amir-e-Alam cochlear implantation center between the years 2008 and 2010. For data gathering, we assessed subjects' medical archives, interviewed with their parents and took medical history including demographic information, birth history and hearing loss history. Results: Mean age of hearing loss suspicion, diagnosis, hearing aids administration, Initiation of rehabilitation program, performing cochlear implantation and mean age when cochlear implantation was utilized were 6.73 (SD=5.79), 9.35 (SD=5.79), 13.41 (SD=6.10), 16 (SD=6.36), 41.25 (SD=11.12), and 42.15 (SD=11.00) months, respectively. There was statistically significant difference between them (p<0.05). 43.8% of hearing impaired children had been identified by newborn hearing screening. There was statistically significant difference between cochlear implantation operation age of children who were identified by newborn hearing screening with those who were not (p<0.0001). Conclusion: In spite of notable reduction in the age of hearing loss diagnosis and intervention during recent years, compared to international indices it is still tardy. Conducting newborn hearing screening can significantly reduce these ages.
2020
Background and Aim: Hearing loss can have disabling effects on all aspects of children's life and demographic factors of families can have significant effects on children's auditory development. The main aim of the study was determining the effects of socioeconomic and education level on auditory behaviors of hearing-impaired children. Methods: The study was cross sectional descriptive analytic study and was conducted on 207 parents of children under age of four years with native Persian speaking parents with literacy skill. Their hearing impairment was identified before the first month of age. Early occurrence of hearing loss was considered to exclude any effects of early exposure to normal auditory stimuli on the outcome measurements. The children had at least 3-month experience with the cochlear implant (CI) after best fitting and adaptation to their device at the time of the study. Samples were selected by convenience sampling method from available subjects. For determining
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2020
Outcomes of cochlear implantation (CI) are generically assessed using standard validated measures like CAP, SIR, MAIS and MUSS scales. Although this reflects the improvement in auditory verbal skills among the implantees with habilitation over one year, the overall perception of their skill development may vary between the parents of these children and the clinicians who provide the habilitation. This study aimed to compare the CAP and SIR scores sequentially over habilitation and further analyzes the correlation between clinician assessment (with CAP/ SIR scores) and parental perspective (with MAIS/MUSS scores), at the end of one year of habilitation. 388 children aged 1-6 years who underwent unilateral CI were included in the study. Their baseline CAP and SIR scores were recorded post implantation. All children received 1 year of intensive auditory verbal therapy and their 12 month CAP, SIR, MAIS and MUSS scores were then recorded. The baseline CAP/SIR scores were compared with 12 month CAP/SIR scores and then their 12 month CAP/SIR scores were correlated with 12 month MAIS/MUSS scores respectively. There was significant difference between baseline and the 12 month CAP/SIR scores (p \ 0.001). There was strong positive correlation between CAP and SIR scores after 12 months of habilitation (r = 0.7), while there was moderate positive correlation between CAP and MAIS scores (r = 0.59) and between SIR and MUSS scores (r = 0.49) respectively. Though the parents note significant improvement in child's communication abilities, the parental perspective of final outcomes does not always match with the clinician's assessments at the end of habilitation, as highlighted by the moderate correlations. A more precise method of holistic assessment is lacking currently and stands warranted. Keywords Cochlear implant (CI) Á Categories of auditory performance (CAP) Á Speech intelligibility rating (SIR) Á Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (MAIS) Á Meaningful Use of Speech Scale (MUSS)
Delayed Cochlear Implantation in Children: A Parental Survey
The Scientific Journal of University of Benghazi, 2022
Background: Untreated childhood hearing loss can adversely affect speech and language development as well as academic, social, emotional, and behavioral development. Early cochlear implantation before the age of 4 years, within the critical period for central auditory development, was found to be crucial in reducing the negative impact of auditory deprivation and appears to provide better outcomes than late implantation. aim: The aim of this study was to determine the reasons behind late cochlear implantation in children with congenital severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on all cases who received cochlear implants at Specialty Surgical Center, Benghazi, Libya between October 2017 and June 2021. Patients' medical records were reviewed and demographic and clinical data were collected. Children with other disabilities, and post-lingual and post-meningitis implantees were excluded from the study. Information about the reasons for the delay in receiving cochlear implants was obtained over the phone from parents whose children underwent cochlear implant surgery beyond the age of 4 years. Results: A total of 74 children were included, 38 boys and 36 girls. The mean age at implantation was 47 months. Forty-one percent (41%) of children were implanted after 4 years of age. Two-thirds of these children live outside Benghazi. Most of the children had at least one risk factor for hearing loss. The majority of parents reported more than one reason for the delayed implantation. Conclusion: It is found that parent decision-making for cochlear implantation is difficult and affected by many factors, including their personal beliefs (denial, social stigma and fear of surgery), lack of awareness about the existence of cochlear implant technology, and financial constraints. It is recommended that a national newborn hearing screening program is established for early detection and intervention and cost-effectiveness.
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 2019
Background: The aim was to analyze the clinical and socio-demographic profile of children with hearing impairment who had undergone cochlear implant surgery in a tertiary care centre in central India.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in Department of Pediatrics, Chirayu Medical College and Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh during the period from January 2014 to December 2017 to find out clinical and socio-demographic profile of cochlear implant patient.Results: A total of 114 patients have been operated via posterior tympanotomy (MPTA) approach at present centre. Out of which 61(54%) were males and 53(47%) were females with a mean average age 5 years and 11 months. The number of patients with right ear defect were 107 (93%) whereas with left ear were as low as 7 (6%). Most of the patients with cochlear disease were from lower socio-economic class and was not highly educated who lived in rented or kachcha houses. They were mostly living in big families with limited sp...