The Influence of a Religious Factor on the Political System of Egypt Before “Arab Spring” (original) (raw)
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These articles of the constitution dealt with the qualifications of the presidential candidate (article 76), term limits for the president (article 77), and judicial supervision of elections in Egypt (article 88). In January of 2006, in a Crown Center Brief, I assessed the Egyptian political system and the 2005 elections, in which the strategic elite of the country were subject to almost no notable changes. I noted that while the elections showed that it is difficult to replace old habits of authoritarian despotism, they also pointed to the need for changes that must not be ignored. I argued that small changes, which occurred both by default and by design, were likely to bring about more fundamental changes.