Strategic thoughts on the promotions of electric mobility (original) (raw)
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On the Historical Development and Future Prospects of Various Types of Electric Mobility
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Environmental problems such as air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions are caused by almost all transport modes. A potential solution to these problems could be electric mobility. Currently, efforts to increase the use of various types of electric vehicles are under way virtually worldwide. While in recent years a major focus was put on the electrification of passenger cars, electricity has already, for more than hundred years, been successfully used in some public transport modes such as tramways and metros. The core objective of this paper is to analyze the historical developments and the prospects of electric mobility in different transport modes and their potential contribution to the solution of the current environmental problems. With respect to the latter, we analyze the effect of the electricity generation mix on the environmental performance of electric vehicles. In addition, we document major policies implemented to promote various types of e-mobility. Our major conclus...
Impacts of Electric Mobility on the Electric Grid
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Electric mobility is becoming an option for reducing greenhouse gas emissions of road transport and decreasing the external dependence on fossil fuels. However, this new kind of mobility will introduce additional loads to the power system, and it is important to determine its effects on it. As a direct scenario from DATA SIM FP7 EU project, an application related to electric mobility and its impact on the electric grid from Flanders region is presented in this chapter. The chapter begins with a brief description of the electric transmission network for Flanders region and the electric vehicles energy requirements for different mobility zones in this region, obtained from FEATHERS, an activity-based model. In the following section, the main assumptions that allow estimating the total electricity consumption for each mobility area is presented. Once this total consumption per zone has been estimated, an algorithm to link the mobility areas with the nearest substation is developed. Finally, the impact of charging electric vehicles on the transmission substations is examined.
Development of Electric Urban Mobility: Comparative Research and Preliminary Survey
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The growing concerns about greenhouse gas emissions at the international level have shifted American and European policies to invest in sustainable mobility. Although substantial steps have been made in recent years, electric mobility is still not an integral part of today's transport systems. The aim of the study is to provide a comparative overview of the Italian approach to electric mobility and to define future approaches that could be used. Our research used a web-based survey, applying standard statistical methods to data processing. From these results the authors defined the playing field of the current results, and the variables for the future development of electric urban mobility. This analysis has shown a gap in the knowledge of the results reached in recent years by consumers and displayed an interest in new types of ecological fuels. Regarding Italian policies, it is clear that major efforts in economic and infrastructural facilitations are needed. In addition, this analysis can be used in the future to check for any developments and to generate a larger dataset with other partners.
IRJET- ANALYSIS AND IMPACT OF E-MOBILITY ON POWER GRID
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The exponential growth of electrical vehicles in future, utilities should be set up to keep up unwavering quality of the framework. The primary impacts on electrical systems are generation adequacy, generation flexibility, transmission grid capacity, and distribution grid capacity. The main challenge of electrification of transportation expansion lies in the distribution networks and the overloading of network assets. E-Mobility can help mitigate utility pin points and provide new means of opportunity. Utilities are a critical partner for connecting vehicle charging stations to the matrix to work, and bolster the charging framework. This paper approach is for a real and reactive power analysis and harmonics in a charging current at the grid side. The simulation model developed in a MATLAB Simulink tools and verified with corresponding factors.
Triggering the development of electric mobility: a review of public policies
European Transport Research Review, 2011
Context The fundamental challenge of a massive deployment of electric mobility is the reduction of transportation's impact on climate. Hereby derived challenges specifically concern: (a) the organization of mobility together with the uptake of recharge infrastructure, (b) the interaction of the electric mobility system with the electricity net, hereby considering the energy storage function of batteries, (c) the technological progress and the industrial production of vehicles and various components. Overall, these stakes involve the community more than the individual vehicle user. Objective This paper analyses public policies and projects in favour of electric mobility based on private or shared vehicle usage. An international review of national policies and regional projects is given. The conditions for availability and attractiveness of an electric mobility system to potential users are discussed, notably so with respect to the deployment of the recharging infrastructure and its adequacy to existing land-use patterns. Conclusion Current policy approaches supporting the uptake of electric mobility are promising. For the time being, however, the complexity of the electromobility system impedes a valid conclusion on the effectiveness of measures put in place. Besides public policy intervention mainly also economic, technical and industrial factors will define the success of e-mobility. Upcoming years will allow first ex-post policy analyses.
Electric mobility discussion started on environmental ground, is moving now towards economy and will only achieve a further dimension and due importance once placed on its proper field – the one of social mobility, aimed by a certain ideology on accessibility, that will sustain a clear political option, policies, programs, plans, management and monitoring. A new transportation model based mainly on electric renewable source will only be achieved once environment concerns, economic matters and social demands are all considered, given each due weight. Planning in its different levels should assess the relation between infrastructure networks (territory's backbone) and (unstructured?) morphological patterns, so that infrastructures and means of transportation are designed according to the existing patterns, guarantying the effective accessibility to all; and, in a continuous movement, policies proposals should be reviewed, according to their outcomes, so that the aimed accessibility is accomplished. Different landscapes demand different approaches. Electric mobility should be seriously considered as a factor that might trigger a new approach to the transportations model (also) in diffuse settlements, overcoming the traditional dichotomies upon transportations-individual/collective, private/public, hard/soft. But specially demanding a solution to overlap the conflict between hard infrastructures (which drawing is decided in an upper level by the government) and urban design and urban patterns, to find a flexible solution in a pattern where traditional models reveal inappropriate. This is the major challenge.
Full Implementation of Electric Mobility in a Countryside Region of Spain
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The ongoing spread of electric sustainable mobility is transforming the local ways of transport in metropolitan areas. This is meant to be extended outside of big cities in the near future thanks to new technological developments. Little towns should adapt to these changes, as they are located geographically far from the big cities and are generally characterized by low economic and demographic indicators. Hence, little towns must keep pace with these changes in mobility to avoid being isolated from the main cities in a country. People living in the countryside usually move toward big cities for various reasons, either related to work or living necessities. Therefore, it must be possible to conduct usual displacements through the use of electric vehicles (EVs), i.e., reaching the destinations and supplying the batteries through charging infrastructures. This paper studies the full implementation of electric mobility applied in the case of Cuenca, a city located in middle Spain. A br...
Electric mobility in view of Green Growth
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Achieving green growth, that is, improving environmental, economic, and social well-being at the same time, is one of the global challenges society is currently facing. A sustainable mobility transition is an important element in shifting to a green growth path. This paper outlines an approach to analysing electric mobility in view of green growth that is grounded in Global Systems Science. It presents an initial synthetic information system developed for investigating the diffusion of electric vehicles in the global car fleet and sketches first simulation results.