Utilization of Barley Straw as a Source of a Activated Carbon for Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution (original) (raw)
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Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences
This paper investigated the analyses of removal of Methylene Blue (MB) and Brilliant Green (BG) dyes from aqueous solutions by adsorption on activated carbon prepared by chemical activation of coconut shell, eucalyptus tree, corn cob and flamboyant pod. It was found that the carbon pores increased after carbonization and activation processes. The maximum percentage MB removal was obtained as 95.0% for coconut shell, 93.2% for eucalyptus tree, 99.9% for corn cob, and 99.7% for flamboyant pod. Also, the maximum percentage BG removal was obtained as 97.0% for coconut shell, 98.2% for eucalyptus tree, 99.6% for corn cob, and 99.6% for flamboyant pod. The adsorption isotherms of the adsorption process were studied, and Freundlich model showed the best fit with the equilibrium data. To optimize the operating conditions, the effects of contact time, adsorbent dosage, and pH were investigated by two levels of factorial experimental design method and adsorbent dosage was found as the most significant factor.
Removal of color material by activated carbon of some agricultural waste
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
Activated carbon is well known as a porous material and has a large specific surface area. Therefore, such a material has desirable adsorption properties and has been used for purification and elimination of hazardous components. Due to the current increased problems of environmental pollution, activated carbon is expected to play an important role in pollution abatement. This study aimed to investigate the removal of methylene blue with activated carbon produced from olive seeds, olive pomace and walnut shells. In the study, the impact of the adsorbents employed for dye adsorption was analyzed based on the initial dye concentration, contact duration and, kinetic and isotherm properties were determined based on the study findings. Analysis showed that the best pore structure was in the olive seed activated carbon and alcohols, ketones and carboxyl groups formed in activated carbon samples. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy findings demonstrated the highest C content was in the olive seed activated carbon sample after the commercial activated carbon. The activated carbon samples were employed to adsorb 10 mg/L methylene blue solution.
Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2013
The removal of dyes from waste effluents is considered as an environmental need because they can be visible and highly toxic even at very low concentration levels 1. Dyes contaminate environment from various industries, like textiles, paper, cosmetics, printing and foods. Dyes can destroy aquatic life because they prevent sunlight from reching water bottom totally. Also dyes may be mutagenic and/or carcinogenic to human 2. Usually, methylene blue is used for cotton and wood. Methylene blue can cause eye damage for human and animals. On inhalation, it may lead to short periods of rapid or difficult breathing; ingestion may cause nausea and methemoglobinemia 3. Many methods are used to remove colour from industrial effluents such as biological biodegradation 4 and adsorption 5. Many previous works studied the removal of methylene blue using different adsorbent such as coffee husks 6 , yellow passion fruit waste 7 , rice husks 8 , banana peel 9 , cereal chaff 10 , spent coffee grounds 11 , orange peel 9 , wheat shells 12 , durian peel 13 , etc. The application of untreated agricultural or plant waste as adsorbents, in addition to its low adsorption efficiency, may lead to additional organic load in the treated effluent in the form of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and total organic carbon (TOC) due to release
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018
Highly porous carbons have been produced through an activated pyrolysis process from waste rice straw. The methodology avoids the use of extensive pre-treatments and utilises lower temperatures than those previously reported (700 °C), to generate materials suitable for water purification. Activation of rice straw was achieved with carbon dioxide, potassium hydroxide and phosphoric acid to yield porous carbonaceous materials and those prepared with phosphoric acid exhibited an extremely high proportion of mesoporosity (94-95%). The characterisation of the activated carbon demonstrated that rice straw pre-carbonisation at 400 °C prior to activation using potassium hydroxide at 700 °C, resulted in a material with surface area of 1973 m 2 /g. The pre-carbonised potassium hydroxide activated carbon was demonstrated to be highly effective at the adsorption of methylene blue (cationic dye) and
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 2014
In the present study, activated carbons of Eichornea crasssipes(EC), Sugarcane bagassae(SB), Tea waste(TW) and Guava leaf(GL) were prepared from agricultural wastes and used as an adsorbents for the removal of Acid Blue 92 (AB92) dye from aqueous solution. The effects of pH, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration and contact time on the extent removal of AB92 has been studied by Batch adsorbtion method. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied for the present systems and the Langmuir model was applied to the equilibrium data better. The kinetic data followed the first-order kinetics determined from the Natarajan-Khalaf isotherm, Lagergren isotherm and Bhattacharya Venkobachar isotherm. The intraparticle diffusion was also measured to determine the porousities of the carbons and the boundary effect of the carbons on the adsorption of AB92. Effect of particle size of adsorbents and the thermodynamic parameters of adsorbents can also analysed. The desorption was also studied. From the data GUC has the more relative adsorption capacity and the ECC has the lesser among the above charcoal.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2003
An activated carbon was developed from coconut shell fibers, characterized and used for the removal of methylene blue (basic) and methyl orange (acidic) dyes from wastewater successfully. Adsorption studies were carried out at different temperatures, particle size, pH, and adsorbent doses. The adsorption data are correlated with both Langmuir and Freundlich models. The results indicate that the Freundlich model fits the data better as compared to the Langmuir model in terms of regression coefficients. Isotherms have been used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy, and entropy of adsorption. The kinetic studies were also conducted, and the adsorption of methylene blue and methyl orange follow the first-order rate equation. Various kinetic parameters such as the mass-transfer coefficient, effective diffusion coefficient, activation energy, and entropy of activation were evaluated to establish the mechanisms. It was concluded that methylene blue adsorption occurs through a film diffusion mechanism at low as well as at higher concentrations, while methyl orange adsorption occurs through film diffusion at low concentration and particle diffusion at high concentrations. The sorption capacity of the developed carbon is comparable to the other available adsorbents, and costwise it is quite cheaper.
Chemistry Journal of Moldova, 2024
Activated carbons have great applicability in the conditioning of wines: discoloration, removal of foreign taste and smell, correction of organoleptic parameters, etc. The purpose of this work was to compare the structural and sorption characteristics of local vegetal activated carbon obtained from apricot stones (AC-C, Republic of Moldova) with that of commercial activated carbons (Granucol® BI/GE/FA, Germany). The physico-chemical characteristics of studied activated carbons have been evaluated by standard methods (nitrogen sorption isotherms, IR spectroscopy, pH value of activated carbons suspension etc.) and the adsorption capacity by using methylene blue dye as a reference substance. Experimental data were analysed by theoretical models: Langmuir and Equilibrium isotherm models, and pseudo-first-order, and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The adsorption capacity of the local activated carbon (AC-C, 690 mg/g) is higher by 30% than that of activated carbons from Granucol® series (approx. 535 mg/g).
Removal of Methylene Blue from Synthytic Waste Water by Coconut Husk Fiber Based-Activated Carbon
Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2014
INTRODUCTION Methylene blue (MB) is the cationic dye that is frequently used for dyeing cotton, wool and silk 1. Thus, wastewaters produced from chemical industries related to the use and synthesis of methylene blue are always polluted by this organic contaminants. Human exposed to these contaminated wastewaters suffer from tachycardia, methemoglobinemia, cyanosis, convulsions, dyspnea, irritation to the skin and gastrointestinal tract, nausea, vomiting and/or diarrhea 2,3. Therefore, it is very important to remove the methylene blue from industrial wastewaters before its discharge to the environment. For this, various techniques like chemical precipitation, coagulation, solvent extraction, membrane filtration, reverse osmosis and adsorption have been applied for purification the industrial effluents from methylene blue 4. It was reported by many researchers that the adsorption is the best and the most commonly method has been employed in wastewater treatment. This is due to its ability to eliminate methylene blue at any concentration at a relatively lower cost 3,4. Conventionally, granulated activated carbon and powdered activated carbon (GAC and PAC) are the oldest and the most widely used adsorbents. The raw materials such as coal are non-renewable and relatively expensive 5. It was also reported that the slow intraparticular diffusion in granulated activated carbons is a problem encountered in the
Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye Using Activated Carbon Obtained From Bio-Waste
International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 2017
Activated carbon (AC) was derived from waste Jack fruit leaves by chemical activation with KOH followed by pyrolysis at 600℃ for 5 hours in closed crucible in muffle furnace. The structural and morphological analysis of as synthesized activated carbon was done by Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synthesized activated carbon has been used for removal of Methylene Blue (MB) dye from an aqueous solution. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of contact time, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dose. The adsorption data of MB dye was analysed by Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms .It was observed that Langmuir model can be best fitted with regression coefficient R 2 =0.9959 as comparison to R 2 =0.875 for Freundlich Isotherm. The results indicate that adsorption of MB on activated carbon followed by Langmuir model with maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was found to be 84.03 mg/g.
Dyes and pigments, 2001
The kinetics and mechanism of methylene blue adsorption on commercial activated carbon (CAC) and indigenously prepared activated carbons from bamboo dust, coconut shell, groundnut shell, rice husk, and straw, have been studied. The effects of various experimental parameters have been investigated using a batch adsorption technique to obtain information on treating effluents from the dye industry. The extent of dye removal increased with decrease in the initial concentration of the dye and particle size of the adsorbent and also increased with increase in contact time, amount of adsorbent used and the initial pH of the solution. Adsorption data were modeled using the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms and first order kinetic equations. The kinetics of adsorption were found to be first order with regard to intra-particle diffusion rate. The adsorption capacities of indigenous activated carbons have been compared with that of the commercial activated carbon. The results indicate that such carbons could be employed as low cost alternatives to commercial activated carbon in wastewater treatment for the removal of colour and dyes. #