Sensory Processing in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and/or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in the Home and Classroom Contexts (original) (raw)
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Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2013
The rate of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is increasing with recent prevalence estimates reaching 1 in 88 in the United States (Baio, 2012). Although sensory features have been listed as commonly associated features [Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association (APA), 2000] the new ASD diagnostic criteria proposed in the DSM-5 includes sensory features as core features and specifically describes hypo-and hyper-reactivity to sensory input, unusual interests in sensory aspects of the environment, and restricted and repetitive interests in sensory based activities (DSM-5; APA, 2012). Assessments are needed that comprehensively characterize sensory features in children with ASD and facilitate accurate diagnostic practices. Few instruments measure sensory features specific to ASD, thereby limiting large scale studies of prevalence and heterogeneity of sensory response patterns among children with ASD. Sensory features are highly prevalent in ASD
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2022
Background: Sensory reactivity is considered one of the diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and has been associated with poorer functional outcomes, behavioral difficulties, and autism severity across the lifespan. The characterization of the sensory processing in ASD has thus become crucial to identify the sensory and motor features influencing the development of personal autonomy. Objectives: The present study has two aims: (1) to compare the sensory processing between school-aged children with ASD and typically developing peers (TD); (2) to evaluate whether, within the ASD sample, the cognitive level and reported sensory symptoms explain the scores exhibited at the Sensory Processing Measure (SPM-2). Methods: The SPM-2 test was administered to the parents of 105 children with ASD and 70 TD. The ASD group was further subdivided into two groups, namely high and low functioning based on their cognitive level (High Functioning (HF), IQ > 80; Low Functioning (LF...
Sensory and attention abnormalities in autistic spectrum disorders.
Individuals with autistic spectrum disorders (ASDs) often experience, describe and exhibit unusual patterns of sensation and attention. These anomalies have been hypothesized to result from overarousal and consequent overfocused attention. Parents of individuals with ASD rated items in three domains, 'sensory overreactivity', 'sensory underreactivity' and 'sensory seeking behaviors', of an expanded version of the Sensory Profile, a 103-item rating scale developed for the present study. Parents also rated symptom severity, overselective attention and exceptional memory, and completed the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. Of 222 rated subjects, 144 had complete data. Cluster analysis showed the predicted overfocused pattern of sensation and attention, comprising overreactivity, perseverative behavior and interests, overfocused attention and exceptional memory in 43 percent of this sample. This pattern was striking in 10 percent. The neurological basis of overreactivity and overfocusing is discussed in relation to the overarousal hypothesis. Attention is drawn to its considerable prevalence in the ASD population.
Prevalence of sensory behaviours in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder on short sensory profile
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCE RESEARCH, IDEAS AND INNOVATIONS IN TECHNOLOGY
The purpose of the study was to find out the performance of children with ASD belongs to Ahmedabad city by using SSP. It will be useful to understand their behaviour with the help of the caregivers of the children. 50 children with ASD were approached on different platforms and incorporated in the study on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. The sample does not represent the entire population of children with ASD; therefore the study can be done with a larger sample size. Seventy-Eight (78%) children with ASD diagnosed with a definite and probable difference. Eighty-six (86%) children with ASD obtained a combined score of definite difference and probable differences in Tactile Sensitivity and Under responsive/Seeks Sensation and 64% in auditory filtering. Typical performance of children with ASD was also seen during the research. Forty (40%) children with ASD showed typical performance in Taste/Smell Sensitivity, 38% in Movement Sensitivity, 42% in Low energy/Weak and 46% in Visual/Auditory sensitivity. From the result of this study, different sensory patterns in children with ASD have been revealed. It can be treated with the SIT and with the help of it the child's performance can be improved. SIT can positively affect motor skills, socialization, attention, behaviour control, reading skills, participation in-game activities, and the achievement of personal goals. This study recognizes the importance of assessing the performance of children from different cultural contexts, particularly in relation to their everyday functioning or occupation.
Sensory profile in children with autism disorder and children with typical development
Revista Mexicana de Neurociencia
Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the sensory profile characteristics of the children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and children with typical development (TD) within the ages of 3 and 12 years who attended the rehabilitation center in Barranquilla and Valledupar Colombia. Methods: A study of descriptive type correlation of the sensory profile was conducting using the Short Sensory Profile 2 by Winnie Dunn on boys and girls with an ASD diagnosis and children with a TD. Results: A total of 59 test subjects were included in the study comprised 39 children on the ASD (5 girls and 36 boys) and 28 children with a TD (11 girls and 17 boys). The medium age was 6.97 for the ASD group and 6.61 for the TD group. There are differences in each of the patterns of pre-processing and sensory systems analyzed in children on the ASD and TD (p < 0.05) except at the visual system processing level (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The study indicates that there is a significant difference in between the ASD group and the TD group, these differences indicate that the population with ASD presents higher level in regard to sensory processing patterns in comparison to TD in accordance to each category in the Short Sensory Profile 2 by Winnie Dunn.
The sensory characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder: teachers' observation
International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education, 2019
The study aimed to identify the sensory characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as estimated by their teachers. Descriptive surveying approach was used to suit the nature of the study. The researchers selected a simple random sample consisting of (40) teachers from (6) centres for autistic children in Amman, Jordan. The tool used in this study was a checklist consisted of 38 items. The collected data were analysed and then expressed through means and standard deviations. In addition, ttest was used to determine significance of the differences. The results revealed that the sensory characteristics of children with ASD were often evident in the study sample. The characteristics of children with ASD in the sensory domain were ranked as follows: First; tactile stimuli, second; olfactory and tasting stimulants, third; visual stimuli, and finally the auditory stimuli. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the study sample attributed to age except the tactile stimuli and the differences were in the favour of age (3-6). Implications and recommendations are presented.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
Sensory processing issues have been frequently reported in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), but their relationship with social and overall adaptive functioning has not been extensively characterized to date. Here, we investigate how sensory processing atypicalities relate with deficits in social skills, impaired social cognition, and general adaptive functioning in a group of preschoolers with ASD. Sixty-four children with ASD aged 3 to 6 were included in this study, along with 36 age-matched typically-developing (TD) peers. Parent-reported measures of sensory processing, social difficulties and overall adaptive functioning were collected for all children. We also obtained precise measures of social attention deployment using a custom-design eye-tracking task depicting naturalistic social scenes. Within the group of children with ASD, higher intensities of sensory issues were associated with more prominent social difficulties and lower adaptive functioning. We also ...
DSM-5 Sensory Behaviours in children with and without an autism spectrum disorder
Atypical responses to sensory stimuli are a new criterion in DSM-5 for the diagnosis of an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but are also reported in other developmental disorders. Using the Short Sensory profile (SSP) and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) we compared atypical sensory behaviour (hyper-or hypo-reactivity to sensory input or unusual sensory interests) in children aged 10-14 years with (N = 116) or without an ASD but with special educational needs (SEN; N = 72). Atypical sensory behaviour was reported in 92% of ASD and 67% of SEN children. Greater sensory dysfunction was associated with increased autism severity (specifically restricted and repetitive behaviours) and behaviour problems (specifically emotional subscore) on teacher and parent Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires but not with IQ.