Industrializing Korean Traditional Housing (Hanok) with Hybrid Timber Construction (original) (raw)
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Proceedings of the 35th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC)
A comprehensive research has been initiated by Korean government in order to disseminate modernized traditional Korean building (Hanok). Major objectives of this project include reducing construction cost and enhancing performance by developing construction materials and method for modernizing traditional Korean architecture. For example, modern construction methods such as glulam, steel joint, and truss are modified in order to keep the representations of Korean traditional esthetics. As part of this project, seven test-bed projects have been actually built in order to validate the performance of the modernized Hanok, and each project has somewhat different applications depending on its own design requirements.
Wooden Residential Buildings – A Sustainable Approach
Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov: Series II: Forestry • Wood Industry • Agricultural Food Engineering, 2016
Both round and handle produced (sawn or rough-hewn), timber constitutes one of the oldest building raw materials. Wood can be engineered to produce structural beams and boards. Today, wooden housing is the most valuable and viable alternative to replace masonry. In turn, it is a modern model, whereas it presents good attributes of raw materials rationalization, water-free processing, work site cleaning, and rapid production. The strong industrialization of timber housing with prefabrication of parts should be the centre of attention in the future, consonantly with housing shortage in many countries, particularly in developing and underdeveloped ones. This paper aims to present a state of the art about timber housing topic and its aspects.
Landscape Research Japan Online, 2016
The Korean minority is one of 55 ethnic minorities in China. The Korean-Chinese population was 1,830,929 in 2010, which was 0.14% of the total population in China 1). They mainly live in the three provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning, which are located in northeastern China. The Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture (Yanbian Area) of Jilin Province is the biggest settlement of Korean-Chinese, with a Korean-Chinese population of 801,088 in 2010. At the same time, this was 43.75% of the total Korean-Chinese population in all of China. Korean-Chinese have a long history of living in China and the last large migration from Korea to China began in the 1860s 2). In search of a better life, these Korean immigrants crossed the Tumen River and settled in the Yanbian Area 3). Many villages were formed here because of the increase in immigration from Korea. The early villages, located along the Tumen River, fronted the river, and backed onto the mountain, a position that conforms to the Korean FengshuiTheory 4). Korean-Chinese have a close relationship with forest resources; they use timber resources to build wooden houses and accessory structures, and collect non-timber forest products for daily use, such as fuelwood, mushrooms, pine nuts, wild vegetables, and medicinal plants 5)～9). We focus on timber resource use for wooden houses and accessory structures in this study. Generally, construction materials of Korean-Chinese traditional wooden houses are stone, timber, mud, and straw/ tile. Stone is used for the foundation; timber is used for the beams, columns, roof frame, windows, and doors; mud and straw are used for walls and the ceiling; mud and straw/tile are used for the roof 5), 10), 11). Wooden houses have white-colored walls, narrow doors, and thatched or tile roofs 5). The clear height of interior wooden houses is 2.2-2.4m and the height ratio of roof and wall are 1:1 viewed from the front elevation (Figure-1). This is because of the living habits of siting on the Ondol and having to deal with the cold climate 5). The Ondol is a Korean form of under floor heating that uses direct heat transfer from fuelwood smoke. The construction technologies of wooden houses are known as post and lintel roof framing (抬梁式 in Chinese) 10) and mortise and tenon (榫卯结构 in Chinese) 11) ; and the mud, in particular, is used for insulation materials to make the walls, ceiling, and roof 12). Because the immigrants came from Hamgyong of Korea, the Korean-Chinese village of Yanbian Area is also called Hamgyong Village 10) and the wooden houses of Hamgyong Village are named Hamgyong wooden houses 13). The Ondol of the Hamgyong wooden houses is spread out fully underneath the floor, while the Ondol of other Korean-Chinese wooden houses ＊ 京都大学農学研究科／延辺大学農学院 ＊＊ 京都大学大学院地球環境学堂
Proposal of a Methodology for the Architectural Design of Timber Houses
This paper presents the principles of a method for the architectural design of timber houses based on the experience gained by timber companies. This proposal has as its major goal the challenging of the scenario of countries like Portugal where a shift in the design and construction methods integrating wood as a material could result in a much more sustainable habitat. A set of interviews was carried out with Portuguese companies in the sector of timber houses. They were questioned about their customers, design methods, the architect’s role and the choice of structural systems. Based on the interviews it was possible to characterize the market and identify the main procedures about design. The most relevant ones were the importance of the architectural type definition, the support of a catalog, the relationship between formal and structural types and the architect’s lack of knowledge about timber. The collected information pointed to an architectural design method to be used by Portuguese architects who, until now have often played a secondary role when a timber house was designed partly because the timber companies dominate the whole process. Some of these companies offer catalogues of design solutions that support customer’s choices. The architects generally reject this type of method because of its supposed uncreative and impersonal results. The method here presented through some basic principles aims at collecting some positive lessons from the catalogue method, defining a process based on the recognition of Formal types and Construction types. This is the framework of a tool intended to help the Portuguese architects to deal with the range of the options available (solutions, companies, structural systems) and a support to help in deciding which construction system to choose.
Classification of Wooden Housing Building Systems
BioResources, 2016
Wooden housing is one of the most sustainable building alternatives. In many European and North American countries, wooden houses provide the most common, economical, and practical solution for construction. The timber buildings present adequate levels of durability, acoustics, and thermal comforts. Despite their popularity, wood houses do not have a standardized classification to define and organize their main aspects. In literature dealing with timber construction, most authors emphasize structural systems for large spans (bridges, hangars, roofs, etc.). The presence of some classifications of timber construction results in unclear issues, and few studies have covered and regarded wooden buildings as residential construction typologies. Accordingly, this paper proposes a classification that connects the aspects and details of wooden housing materials in relation to the industrialization level and chronological origin. We expect this classification to assist in a better understanding of distinct wooden housing techniques commercially produced worldwide, diffusing their concepts and possibilities as forestry-timber products.
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Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 2023
Although the use of different building materials in a single construction system is a well-known technology and the design principles of hybridization are similar from the past to the present, they are explained with different concepts in literature, and there is no single comprehensive systematic classification. This study, which is open to development in this respect, classifies hybrid structures whose main material is wood according to hybridization levels and the parts they are used in the building, and each category is evaluated in detail. In determining the measures, parameters affecting the building's performance were taken into account. In the research, secondary data gathered with quantitative approaches were evaluated using a qualitative method. The study aims to create a comprehensive technical guide on wood-based systems and to achieve linguistic unity in the related literature. In this context, the difference between the uses of a single building material and a hybrid system is evaluated with their strengths and weaknesses in the context of factors such as heat, humidity, acoustics, and fire. The hybrid systems presented in the study are modern systems that are frequently applied today and are open to diversification through development.
Utilization of Used Wood as Material Structure and Construction of Sitinggil House Buildings
International Journal of Built Environment and Scientific Research, 2021
Material plays an important role in the construction of a house because it becomes a constituent element for the establishment of a building. Sitinggil Dago Residence which is located on Jalan Dago Giri, Bandung, West Java is a house that has two functions. This house is interesting because overall it uses used wood as a structural and construction material by accentuating the structure of the building which is left as it is without finishing. The method used in this research is a descriptive analytical-qualitative method by observing the structure and construction of used wood on roofs, columns, and beams as well as the foundation as a base which is then compared with the theory and standardization of the use of wood in buildings. The results of this study show that used wood can still be reused for structures and construction on roofs, columns, and beams in residential buildings.
Wooden housing in the pillar-beam construction system (Atena Editora)
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