The OmpR-FlhDC regulatory circuit and flagella regulon in Xenorhabdus spp (original) (raw)

2005

Abstract

ABSTRACT Xenorhabdus spp. are motile Gram-negative insect-killing bacteria carried by its symbiotic partner, an entomopathogenic nematode. Here we review our current understanding of the role of the flagella regulon in symbiosis and pathogenesis of Xenorhabdus. The flhDC master flagellar operon is involved not only in flagellar production but also in virulence and hemolysin and lipase production in X. nematophila. Recent studies have shown that the EnvZ-OmpR two-component system is involved in the temporal expression of flhDC. Inactivation of either ompR or envZ causes precocious swarming and hemolysin production. Genomic analysis of the flagella regulons in Xenorhabdus bovienii and Photorhabdus luminescens reveals that while the basic flagellar gene clusters are highly conserved, the nonflagellar genes located within the flagella regulons are widely divergent. Thus, recent studies reveal that the FlhDC-OmpR regulatory circuit plays an integral role in both the virulence properties and protein export in Xenorhabdus.

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